Who was Daniel Candler, (d. 1765) of Bedford Co, VA By Ed Marsh OCT 1998, edited APR 1999 I would like to report a new wrinkle in the cloudy genealogy of Daniel Candler, Quaker - member of South River Monthly Meeting in Bedford County, Virginia. Daniel and Ann (Anna, Hannah, died c.1800) - Candler, had five (perhaps seven) children: John, b. c1732, d. 1802, VA, m1. c1750, Eliz. Gibson, m2. 1801, Penelope (nee Johnson) Guthrie Elizabeth, b. c1733, d. after 1791, VA, m. before 1758, John Caffrey William, b. c1736, d. Nov. 1, 1784, GA, m. 1761, Elizabeth Anthony Thomas, no data Henry, no data Eleanor, b. c1740, d. May 14, 1790, VA, m. 1763, Byrum Ballard Zedikiah, b. c1747, m. 1772, Anna Moorman Early on in my research, I was disappointed in the scarcity of Candler data in two particular texts that purport to be comprehensive summaries of the early Quaker records of South River Monthly Meeting, those being: Douglas Summers Brown's Lynchburg's Pioneer Quakers and Their Meeting House; and F. Edward Wright's Quaker Records Of South River Monthly Meeting. Ms. Brown states that the Candlers were important founding members who were instrumental in the community of Friends -- so why is their recognition in the records so spare? Because more often than not, the Candlers were listed as C(h)andlers. Both authors must have missed this detail and so their reports were incomplete. I found this discrepancy in Wade Hinshaw's Encyclopedia Of American Quaker Genealogy, Vol.#6, where there are more C(h)andler than Candler references, yet all but two of these are actually Candlers. We may never know whether this added "H" is and accident of 18th century phonetic spelling, or a clue to the families' pronunciation of their name (with the heavy Irish Kh sound), but the fact remains: There are many Candler documents in Virginia under the CHANDLER spelling. A search of The Electronic Archive of Grants and Patents in the Library of Virginia reveals many Candlers listed as C(h)andler. I might also mention that I was guided (and misguided) by Alan D. Candler's book on the Descendants of William Candler (Daniel's son born in 1736, who moved to Georgia after 1768, and fought in the American Revolution (fighting at the battle at King's Mt.). In his book, Candler theorized that his ancestor, Col. William Candler, was the first Candler to come to America and that the Virginia and North Carolina Candlers were descendants of his. In an attempt to discover the Candlers who stayed at home in the "Old Dominion", I explored early land records of Virginia. I was guided by Doug Tucker to explore the area south of Lynchburg (Bedford, Campbell, Halifax, and Pittsylvania Counties), as these were the purported destinations of many Lynchburg Candlers. On the other hand, I was guided by the stories of my late grandmother, Edwyna Moss Candler Marsh (1882-1957, ggg- granddaughter of Daniel and Hannah Candler) whose Quaker ancestors had remained in Lynchburg. Both cases are true to some degree. What I found has opened new questions. My search for Candler/Chandler Grants and deeds lead me eastward across Virginia -- along the James, Appomatox, Pamunkey, Nottaway, and Roanoke drainages. I found among the C(h)andlers whose names I knew and sought, Chandlers whose names were strange. More strange was how close these Chandlers lived to the families who would later become neighbors (and/or relatives) of the Candlers at South River. The fact that William and John (at least and perhaps all the Candler boys) were surveyors and therefore traveled broadly in the area made it even more likely that they would have been aware of these Chandlers. Both north and south of the James, Virginia counties were divided in a "crazy-quilt" of new counties whose dates of origin make a complex puzzle of old deed locations - Albemarle, Amherst, Bedford, Buckingham, Campbell, Cumberland, Fluvanna, Goochland, Halifax, Hanover, Louisa. Charles and Sarah (Clark) Lynch, widely credited as first settlers of Lynchburg, Virginia, were immediate neighbors of the Candlers on Fishing Creek (south river area). According to Douglas Summers Brown, they moved from Louisa Co, to this new home on the James in about 1752 (I now believe it was 1749 perhaps earlier). I found Chandlers living near Charles and Sarah (Clark) Lynch in Louisa Co. I found Chandlers living next to Bartholomew and John Stovall (uncles of Dorothy Stovall who would marry Daniel Candler's grandson John Candler, Jr. in 1799). Likewise, I found Chandlers living just east of John Candler in Campbell Co, in the 1780's. It remains to be seen if these are family connections. Several Chandler Association researchers tell me that they are aware of no Chandler-Candler inter-relations in Virginia. It remains to be explored. From the land records of the Library of Virginia: 1755,To: Daniel Chandler George the Second by the grace of God of Great Britain France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith &c. To all to whom these Presents shall come Greeting. Know ye that for divers good Causes and Considerations but more Especially for and in Consideration of the Sum of Five Shillings of good and lawful Money for our use paid to our Receiver General of our Revenues in this Our Colony and Dominion of Virginia We Have Given Granted and Confirmed and by these Presents for our Heirs and Successors do Give Grant and Confirm unto Daniel Chandler one certain Tract or Parcel of Land Containing fifty Acres, lying and being in the County of Albemarle on both sides of the South fork of Fishing Creek [?] [?]Robert Dinwiddie Esq. Our Lieutenant Governor and Commander in chief of our said Colony and Dominion at Williamsburgh Under the Seal of our said Colony the thirteenth Day of June MDCCLV In the XXVIIIth Year of our Reign. So it was that on June 13, 1755, Daniel C(h)andler formally committed to: "the Fee Rent of one Shilling yearly to be paid upon the Feast of Saint Michael the Arch Angel" for 50 acres of land on Fishing Creek, south of the James River where the City of Lynchburg stands today. The fact that the grant refers to the County of Albemarle suggests that Daniel had held the land for some time before the 1755 date since Bedford Co, VA was separated from Albemarle and Lunenburg in 1753 and organized in 1754. In 1755, William, Robert, and Eleanor Candler, of Bedford Co, were taken into the Society of Friends (Cedar Creek MM - from which South River would be separated). I suspect that this Robert was, in actuality, John Candler. In 1756, Daniel himself was "taken under care of Friends". References to these Candlers in the records of South River Meeting proper are misleading: 1759, 8, 18. Daniel [Chandler's] name first appeared when he served on committee; 1763, 8, 20. William received by request; 1758, 7, 15. John [Chandler] received by request. Taken at face value these references seem to imply no earlier membership in the Society, but this is incorrect. In 1761, Daniel's sons John and William each purchased a grant from King George, signed by Governor Francis Fauquier, for lands near their father's grant of 1755. Thus the Candlers began to develop their South River holdings which would come to be called Candler's Mountain. The eastern edge of modern Lynchburg is defined by Candler's Mountain. Fishing Creek drains the western side and flows northward into the James. Possum Creek drains the eastern side also flowing northward into the James. On the southern side, Flatt Creek flows southerly into the Roanoke River. A 1779 deed, signed by Governor Thomas Jefferson (issued after Daniel's death - probably to solidify the claim), affirms that Daniel Candler of Bedford Co, VA had eventually settled himself squarely atop his mountain, "on branches of Possum and Flatt Creeks including their heads". There is some mention of "Daniel's Hill" as a section of Campbell County (separated from Bedford Co, in 1781) in 19th century publications. Just east of the mountain stood a simple log structure - the first Meeting House of South River Friends. In 1762, John Candler (c.1730-1802, son of Daniel), and Benjamin Johnson would build an addition onto the. Today, one can visit the Quaker Meeting House (reconstructed in 1936) which stands beside the Old Quaker Cemetery on the grounds of Quaker Memorial Presbyterian Church. From there, one can drive out to Candler's Mountain and along Candler's Mt. Road which runs down the ridge that divides the waters of the James and those of the Roanoke. Farther down the road, one may turn onto Camp Hide-Away Rd. (the actual original Candler's Mountain Road) and head into Lynchburg along the route of the old Coach Road that passes the ruins of an old Colonial Ordinary that was across the road from Daniel and Hannah Candler's home. S. River Candler Time-Line FROM: WADE HINSHAW, Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy: Vol. 6, (Virginia) [p.227] RECORDS 1755, 4, 12. Robert & William, Bedford Co., requested to come under care (of mtg) of this monthly meeting; received by request 5th mo 10 1755, 5, 10. William granted certificate to Cane Creek monthly meeting, N. C. 1755, 12, 13. Elennor [Canler] taken under care (of mtg) of women's monthly meeting 1756, 2, 12. Daniel taken under care (of mtg) of Frs 1756, 5, 8. Elennor granted certificate to Cane Creek & New Garden 1756, 6, 12. William granted certificate to New Garden monthly meeting, N.C. [page 348] Prior to the establishment of the South River Monthly Meeting in 1757, Friends had pushed westward from the older meetings in Tidewater Virginia and southward down through the northern part of the state until they reached the mountain barriers in extreme western Bedford County. There they reached the mountain barriers in extreme western Bedford County. There the more daring spirits had gone through the passes to claim the fertile river bottoms of the Roanoke. But with the opening of the French and Indian Wars and the panic of 1755-1756, the settlers poured back through the gorges fleeing before the Indians for their very lives. In one week it is said that more than 300 inhabitants of "the up country" and the extreme western part of the county poured through Bedford City. It was of this settlement of Friends that the yearly meeting was speaking in its letter to London the year of 1758; "Some of our friends have removed from their habitations on the frontiers, many of them having for some time past appeared to the outward eye to be in imminent danger, though none as yet have been murdered by the enemy; this ought to fill [p.348] our hearts with sincere gratitude to God". Many of these refugees, Quakers and others, spread southward to the Carolinas and Georgia, others bided their time in Bedford County waiting for the war to cease and the ban on the western country to be removed that they might reclaim their former homesteads. By the records of South River Monthly Meeting we learn that it was 1760 before the abandoned Goose Creek Meeting resumed its activities "upon their (Friends) return to their former settlements". William Chandler was the first overseer of this frontier meeting. [p.347] GOOSE CREEK MONTHLY MEETING Bedford County, Virginia So strong and active were these two meetings on Goose Creek (Upper and Lower Meetings) that in August 1794 they were permitted to establish a monthly meeting of their own under the name of Goose Creek Monthly Meeting. The meetings in old Bedford County thus broke off from South River Monthly Meeting which held its sessions some thirty muddy miles away in the newly formed Campbell County. Goose Creek Meeting (sometimes known as "Lower Meeting" and for a short time as "Bedford Meeting") is described in the records as being on "the north side of the Creek". A deed places it on the land of Elijah Turner and John Lewis on Difficult Creek, a small branch of Goose Creek. Stephen Weeks, Quaker historian, mentions only one particular meeting in Bedford of this name and places it "ten miles SE of Bedford City" - he must have had this Lower Meeting in mind. [p.295] RECORDS 1757, 10, 15. William chosen clerk in the newly formed monthly meeting for South River 1758, 6, 17. John [Chandler] request requests requested membership 1758, 7, 15. Elizabeth (Candler-Caffrey) received by request 1758, 7, 15. John [Chandler] received by request 1758, 7, 15. William [Chandler] resigned as clerk; Charles Lynch appointed to fill his place 1759, 7, 21. William (Johnson) resigned as overseer; William Chandler co in his stead 1759, 8, 18. Daniel [Chandler's] name first appeared when he served on committee [page 304] 1760, 1, 19. Daniel [Chandler] co at South River in room of Wm. Chandler who removed to Goose Creek [p.295] 1760, 1, 19. William [Chandler] moved to Goose Creek where Frs "upon their return to their former settlements requests to have a meeting settled among them; granted sd Wm. co (Note by D.S.B.) The Goose Creek settlement had been abandoned on account of Indian trouble 1760, 10, 17. Daniel [Chandler], Boling Clark & William Johnson prominent in the affairs of this monthly meeting 1760, 12, 20. William [Chandler] granted permission to travel with Susanna Hatton, Phebe Trimble & Thomas Lightfoot 1760, 12, 21. Charles [Kneel] & Wm. Chandler visited Goose Creek Mtg to inquire why they do not appear at monthly meeting 1761, 2, 18. John & William [Chandler] & Charles Lynch chosen trustees (1761, sometime between Feb. and July)-, -, -. William & Elizabeth (Anthony) Candler. Daniel Candler, Surety 1761, 7, 18. Eleanor [Chandler] condemned her misconduct in accompanying her brother, Wm., in his disorderly marry 1761, 8, 15. William [Chandler] disowned marry by a priest (1762) -, -, -. John & --(Marriage of John Candler and E. Gibson?) 1762, 6, 19. Boling (Clark) & Edward (Clark) , Daniel Candler & Charles Neal appointed overseers of the poor page 320 1762, 8, 21. Benjamin (Johnson) & John Chandler employed [p.320] to put up an addition to South River meetinghouse; first time Benj. Johnson's name appeared in these minutes; the next mo they were continued on same project Page 295 1763, 8, 20. Eleanor [Chandler] reported married to Byron Ballard 1763, 8, 20. William received by request 1763, 9, 17. William by way of request requests requested informed this meeting that he was under an apprehension of being denied the affirmation in proving his account in Augusta as being supposed not a member of our Society; he was granted certificate suitable for him 1764, 3, 17. Charles (Johnson) resigned as clerk of monthly meeting; William Chandler appointed 1764, 8, 18. William complained Robert Brookes; matter settled by monthly meeting 1764, 10, 20. Elizabeth received by request 1766, 11, 15. A committee appointed to settle the mtg's business with William 1767, 1, 17. John condemned misconduct & accept 1767, 3, 21. John disowned 1772, 4, 18. Anna (Candler, wife of Zedekiah) (former Moorman) disowned married out of unity; paper handed by women's meeting to men's meeting 1774, 10, 15. Eleanor (Candler -Ballard) granted certificate to Cedar Creek monthly meeting, Va. (remove removed) 1774, 12, 17. Byrom & (Eleanor Candler-Ballard &) family granted certificate to the circular monthly meeting (Note by D.S.B.) The Circular or Cedar Creek monthly meeting, Va. 1782, 1, 2. Douglass (Irby) & Hannah Candler, daughter John. Archelous Moon, Surety. Married by Jno. W. Holt, Jan. 3, 1782 1782, 4, 20. John reinstate reinstated 1782, 5, 10. James received by request 1782, 7, 20. Elizabeth warned she will be disowned unless she submit and live agreeable to the rules & good order used 1782, 7, 20. John request requests requested that his son, John & Henry, be received recommended under care (of mtg) of Frs 1782, 8, 16. Elizabeth discontinued having remove removed from amongst Frs 1782, 8, 16. William discontinued having remove removed from amongst Frs 1782, 9, 20. John Jr., son John, received by request (16 1/2 years old) 1784, 8, 21. Byrum (Ballard) & wife (Eleanor Candler-Ballard) & child, Marah, Elizabeth, William Amos Mourning & Judith, received on Certificate from Cedar Creek, dated 1784, 7, 10 (he was an elder & she a minister) 1785, 12, 17. James granted certificate to Cedar Creek monthly meeting, Va., to marry [p.227] RECORDS 1786, 1, 16. James, Campbell Co., son John, Campbell Co.; marry in a public meeting at James Johnson's house in Louisa Co., Agnes JOHNSON, daughter James, Louisa Co. 1786, 1, 14. James produced certificate from South River monthly meeting, Va., to marry Agnes Johnson [Page 295] RECORDS 1786, 2, 25. James reported married to Agnes Johnson 1787, 8, 18. Eleanor (Candler-Ballard) , Mary Embree & Charles Brooke granted permission to visit mtgs in northern Virginia & "some Northern Governments" 1787, 8, 19. Eleanor (Candler-Ballard) mentioned as being a minister [p.227] 1788, 1, 23. Agness granted certificate [p.295] 1788, 3, 15. Agnes received on certificate from Cedar Creek monthly meeting, dated 1788, 2, 23 & sent to men's meeting [Virginia] 1789, 8, 6. Ambrose (Hinge) & Jane Candler, daughter Abraham. Simeon Wooldridge, Surety 1790, 2, 8. Thomas (Robertson) & Elizabeth Candler, daughter Zebedee (probably Zedekiah). John Taylor, Surety. Married by Nathaniel Shrewsbury, Feb. 8, 1790 1791, 1, 29. Zachariah, son Zedekiah Kandler, & Rachel Thornhill. Reuben Thornhill, Surety. Consent of Sarah Thornhill. Married by Nathaniel Shrewsbury, Feb. 10, 1791 1791, 4, 16. Eleanor (Candler-Ballard), deceased, a minister, mentioned & a memorial from Goose Creek particular or preparative meeting read at this monthly meeting 1795, 10, 12. Peter (Pelter) & Nancy Candler. Zedekiah Candler, Surety. Married by Alderson Weeks, Oct. 15, 1795 1797, 7, 8. John Jr. mentioned as having been remove removed several yrs from among Frs 1798, 12, 8. Henry disowned bearing arms; paper read at South River Mtg 1799, 1, 12. John Jr. disowned non-attendance for several yrs & buying a slave (From Marriage Bonds of Campbell Co., Va.) 1799, 7, 24. John Candler (Jr.) & Dorothy Stovall, daughter Elizabeth. Jacob Stemmons, surety (From Marriage Bonds of Campbell Co., Va.) 1801, 7, 27. Candler, John & Penelope Guttry. Henry Candler, surety 1801, 8, 8. John disowned married contrary to discipline 1802, 9, 23. William (Crowder) & Mahaly Candler, daughter Zed. Grief Wright, Surety 1802, 12, 13. John (Candler, III) & Phebe Boaz. James Boaz, Surety 1803, 3, 28. Samuel (Coleman) & Rachel Candler, daughter Zedekeah. Samuel Wilson, Surety. Married by John Ayers, March 31, 1803 1803, 5, 16. Grief (Wright) & Sally Candler, daughter Zedekiah. William Crowder, Surety 1803, 11, 14. Benjamin (Clement) & Polly Candler, daughter Wm. (From Marriage Bonds of Campbell Co.) 1805, 10, 14. Benjamin Barnard & Lucy Candler, daughter James. Daniel Candler surety. (Note by W.W.H.) In the marriage bond the name is spelled Bernard; also so spelled in women's minutes, but it is spelled Barnard in the men's minutes. Benjamin Barnard was disowned attending military muster 1800, 4, 12. There can be no doubt of his identity. See certificate of Anna Barnard & child, Reuben, Eunice, Benjamin & William dated 1786, 12, 16 1805, 11, 11. Russell (Boaz) & Penelope Candler, daughter Wm. 1806, 2, 8. Lucy (now Barnard or Barnett) disowned married contrary to discipline & married out of unity 1813, 4, 10. John Talbot attached in the hands of James Candler money due Johnson & Daniel Candler (the above listed under muster fines for this yr) (Note by D.S.B.) John Talbot was deputy sheriff of Campbell Co., Va. (From Marriage Bonds of Campbell Co., Va.) 1813, 3, 15. Daniel Candler & Mildred Candler. Wm. Candler, surety [Virginia] 1813, 10, 9. Daniel disowned married contrary to discipline 1814, 9, 10. Johnson disowned entering into the military service 1815, 4, 8. James Jr. under care (of mtg) for acting in the military service 1815, 9, 9. James Jr. disowned acting in the military service 1817, 8, 2. James (Candler) & Mary Jones. Jacob Jones, Surety 1817, 8, 13. Daniel (Candler) & Martha King, daughter William 1817, 12, 31. Agathay (Johnson Candler) -- died 1818, 9, 12. Elizabeth (daughter of James ?) disowned married contrary to discipline 1822, 3, 9. John & Henry disowned military service & non-attendance 1826, 1, 3. James died about 70 yrs old (If this age is correct, James was born in 1756) 1830, 2, 11. John (son of James Candler, Sr.) & Francis Clark, daughter William. Robert Boaz, Surety 1838, 12, 10. Henry (Candler) & Jane Dawson, daughter Benj. R. William Candler, Surety 1841, 2, 10. James D. (Candler) & Mary A. C. Padgett. Seaton Padgett, Surety Families (Marriage of William Candler and Elizabeth Anthony) 1761, 8, 15. William [Chandler] disowned marry by a priest (Marriage of John Candler and E. Gibson?) -, -, -. John & -- Ch: 1] John born 1766, 2, 9 2] Henry born 1769, 1, 22 (Marriage of Elenor Candler to Byrum Ballard) 1763, 8, 20. Eleanor [Chandler] reported married to Byron Ballard (Marriage of James Candler and Agnes Johnson) -, -, -. James & -- -, -, -. James marry Agathay -- died 1817, 12, 31 Ch: 1] Lucy born 1787, 2, 3 2] Daniel born 1788, 4, 17 3] Johnson born 1789, 6, 14 4] Elizabeth born 1792, 6, 6 5] James born 1794, 1, 4 6] John born 1795, 7, 7 7] Hensry born 1797, 4, 27