Person Page - 340

     Also called Bertha d' Este.^4,3 Bertha von Luni was born circa 980?. Her 1st.⁵ She was the daughter of Otbert II, Pfalzgraf von Mailand and Railinda di Como.³ Bertha von Luni married Arduin, Markgraf von Ivrea, König von Italien, son of Amadeus, Graf von Pombia and Guntilde von Auriate; Her 1st.⁶ Bertha von Luni married Manfred II Odelrich, Markgraf von Turin, son of Manfred I, Markgraf von Turin and Prangarde von Canossa, Markgräfin von Turin; Her 2nd.^7,8,6 Bertha von Luni died on 29 December 1037.⁹

     Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the father of Gilberga de Couserans; the daughter of Bernardo Roger, count of Couserans, and Garsenda, countess of Bigorre.² Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the son of Roger I, comte de Carcassone, and Adelais, sister of Baldwin de Pons.² He was related to Clemence de Foix; hypothesized as another sibling of the family of Bernard Roger, Count of Foix, and provisionally named Clemence.³ Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the father of Estefania de Foix; the daughter of Bernardo Roger, count of Couserans, and Garsenda, countess of Bigorre.² Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the successor of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges; Count of Couserans.² Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the successor of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges; Lord of Foix.^2,4 Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was born circa 990. He was the son of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges and Adelais de Pons. Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre married Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre, daughter of García Arnaldo, comte de Bigorre and Ricar d' Astarac, circa 1010.^2,5 Comte de Bigorre at Hautes-Pyrénées, Midi-Pyrenees, France, between 1010 and 1038.² Comte de Couserans at Ariège, Midi-Pyrenees, France, between April 1011 and 1038.² 1st Count of Foix at Ariège, Midi-Pyrénées, France, between April 1011 and 1038.^2,4 Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the predecessor of Pedro Bernardo, comte de Couserans et de Foix; Count of Foix.^2,4 Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre died circa 1038.² He was the predecessor of Pedro Bernardo, comte de Couserans et de Foix; Count of Couserans.² Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre was the predecessor of Bernardo II, comte de Bigorre; comte de Bigorre.²

     Guillaume IV "le Gros", comte de Poitou et duc d' Aquitaine also went by the name of William "the Fat" of Poitou. He was born in 1004?.² He was the son of Guillaume III "le Grand", comte de Poitou et duc d' Aquitaine and Adelmodie de Limoges.² Duke of Aquitaine between 1029 and 1038. Guillaume IV "le Gros", comte de Poitou et duc d' Aquitaine died in 1038 at age 34 years.²

      Armengol II "el Peregrino", conde d' Urgell was the successor of Armengol I "el de Cordoba", conde de Urgell; Count of Urgell.³ Armengol II "el Peregrino", conde d' Urgell was born in 1009. He was the son of Armengol I "el de Cordoba", conde de Urgell and Tetberga de Provenza. Count of Urgell at Lérida Province, Catalonia, Spain, between 1010 and 1038. Armengol II "el Peregrino", conde d' Urgell married Constance Velasquita de Besalú in 1030; His 2nd. Armengol II "el Peregrino", conde d' Urgell died in 1038 at age 29 years. Died while on pilgramage to Jerusalem. He was the predecessor of Armengol III, conde d' Urgell; Count of Urgell.

     Gerhard I von Egisheim was born before 985. He was the son of Hugo III "Raucus", Graf im elsäßischen Nordgau.¹ Gerhard I von Egisheim married Berta von Burgund, daughter of N. N. of Burgundy, before 1038. Gerhard I von Egisheim died in 1038.¹

     Also called Aldred of Bernicia.⁴ Earl of Northumbria Aldred of Northumbria was born circa 1009.³ He was the son of Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria and Ecgthryth of Durham.^2,3 Earldorman of Bernicia at Northumbria beyond Tyne, England, between 1016 and 1038.³ High-Reeve of Bamburgh at England between 1019 and 1038.^2,5 Earl of Northumbria.⁶ Earl of Northumbria Aldred of Northumbria died in 1038. After slaying Thurbrand, his father's murderer, he was himself murdered by Thurbrand's son, Karl. d.s.p.m.^2,3,7

     Sigibodo (?) married Mathilde von Lothringen, daughter of Gothelon II "l' Indolent", duc de Lothier; Her 1st.¹ Count at Upper Lorraine before 1038.¹ Sigibodo (?) died in 1038.¹

     Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre was the mother of Gilberga de Couserans; the daughter of Bernardo Roger, count of Couserans, and Garsenda, countess of Bigorre.² Comtesse de Bigorre at Hautes-Pyrénées, Midi-Pyrenees, France.² Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre was the mother of Estefania de Foix; the daughter of Bernardo Roger, count of Couserans, and Garsenda, countess of Bigorre.² Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre was born circa 995. She was the daughter of García Arnaldo, comte de Bigorre and Ricar d' Astarac.³ Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre married Bernard Roger I, comte de Couserans, de Foix et de Bigorre, son of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges and Adelais de Pons, circa 1010.^2,3 Gersinde, comtesse de Bigorre died after 1038.²

     Liudolf, Graf von Braunschweig was the father of Ekbert I, Graf von Braunschweig, Markgraf von Meißen; the younger son of Grafen Liudolf von Braunschweig and Gertrud, daughter of Graf Ekbert.² Liudolf, Graf von Braunschweig was only son of Graf Brun von Braunschweig by his (2nd?) wife Gisela von Schwaben, daughter of Duke Herman II.² He was son of Empress Gisela by her first husband Bruno of Braunschweig.¹ He was born circa 1003.³ He was the son of Brun, Graf von Braunschweig, Graf im Derlingau and Kaiserin Gisela von Schwaben. "comes privignus imperatores".² Count of Braunschweig at Lower Saxony, German Empire.² Count at Derlin- and Gudinggau, Lower Saxony, German Empire.² Liudolf, Graf von Braunschweig married Gertrude van Holland, Gräfin von Braunschweig, daughter of Arnulf, Graaf van Holland and Luitgard von Lothringen, in 1020. Liudolf, Graf von Braunschweig died on 23 April 1038.⁴ He was the predecessor of Ekbert I, Graf von Braunschweig, Markgraf von Meißen; Count of Braunschweig.⁵

     Kunigunde of Denmark was the young daughter of King Canute of England, Denmark, and Sweden.⁴ She was born circa 1019. She was the daughter of Knut "den Stor" Sveinsson, King of England and Denmark and Emma Regina.^1,2,3 Kunigunde of Denmark married Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich, son of Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus and Kaiserin Gisela von Schwaben, in June 1036; His 1st.^2,1,3,4 Kunigunde of Denmark was a frail and ailing girl, whose marriage, after the death of her father, brought no political advantages.⁴ She died on 18 July 1038. She died leaving one daughter.^1,2,3

     Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was related to Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben; agnatic first cousin once removed of Duke Herman IV.³ Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was related to Gebhard I, Graf von Sulzbach; the younger son of Herzog Hermann IV von Schwaben and Adelheid von Turin, daughter of Markgraf Manfred II Odelrich.⁴ Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was the second son of Herzog Ernst I von Schwaben and Gisela von Schwaben.⁴ Many believe he died without issue.⁴ He was related to Graf von Kastl Hermann I "der Ältere" von Babenberg; the older son of Herzogs Hermann IV von Schwaben and Adelheid von Turin.⁴ Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was born in 1015.⁵ He was the son of Ernst I "der Ältere", Herzog von Schwaben and Kaiserin Gisela von Schwaben.² Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was the successor of Herzog von Schwaben Ernst II "der Jüngere" von Babenberg; Duke of Swabia.^6,7 Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa succeeded his brother, Ernest II, to the duchy of Swabia in 1030. Duke of Swabia at German Empire between 1030 and 1038.^6,4 He married Markgräfin von Turin, Herzogin von Schwaben Adelheid von Turin, daughter of Manfred II Odelrich, Markgraf von Turin and Bertha von Luni, in 1035; His 1st. Her 1st.^4,8 Markgrave of Turin-Susa between 1036 and 1038.⁴ Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was the successor of Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich; Duke of Swabia.^6,9,10 Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa died on 28 July 1038 at age 23 years.¹¹ Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa was buried in Trient.⁴

     Also called comte de Louvain Henri I "le Vieux" de Louvain. Graf von Löwen Heinrich I von Löwen was born circa 990.² He was the son of Lambert I "mit dem Barte", Graf von Löwen and Gerberge de Basse-Lorraine. 2nd Count of Louvain at Brabant between 12 September 1015 and 1038.³ Graf von Löwen Heinrich I von Löwen died after 5 August 1038 at Brussels. He was murdered.⁴ He was the predecessor of Graf von Löwen Otto von Löwen; 3rd Count of Louvain.³

     Szent István I, Király Magyarország also went by the name of Stephen "the Saint". His baptism name was Stephen His Christian name. Also called Vajk His birth name.^1,2,3 He was the brother of María, Hercegnõ Magyarország; the sister of Saint Stephen.⁴ Szent István I, Király Magyarország was related to Pietro Orseolo, King of Hungary; the nephew of King Stephen of Hungary.⁵ Szent István I, Király Magyarország was born between 970 and 975 at Esztergom, Hungary.^6,1 He was the successor of Géza, Fõherceg Magyarország; Great Prince of Hungary.^6,7 Szent István I, Király Magyarország was the son of Géza, Fõherceg Magyarország and Sarolt Erdély. Szent István I, Király Magyarország married Gisela von Bayern, daughter of Heinrich II "der Zänker", Herzog von Bayern and Gisela, Herzogin von Bayern, in 996.^1,8,6,9,3,10 Szent István I, Király Magyarország combated an insurrection led by his older cousin, Koppány, who claimed the throne in accordance with Árpád succession rules in 997.¹ He was a witness where Herceg of Sanyoy Koppány Magyar claimed the succession, to follow Géza, under the principle of senioratus in 997.³ Szent István I, Király Magyarország faced Koppány, who claimed the succession under the principle of senioratus, and it was only the help of his father's and his wife's heavy cavalry from Bavaria that brought victory after a severe struggle between 997 and 998.³ Great Prince of Hungary between 1 February 997 and 1000. He defeated Koppány at Veszprém and had him executed as a pagan, and sent the pieces of Koppany's body to the gates of the larger cities of Veszprem, Esztergom and Gyor, as well as the fourth quarter to the gyula in Transylvania to warn him not to engage in fight against him, in 998. He witnessed the death of Herceg of Sanyoy Koppány Magyar in 998 at Veszprém; Defeated in battle during a battle over succession, he having the stronger claim, with his cousin Vajk (Steven I). He was executed as a pagan.^1,6,3 King of Hungary between 1000 and 1038.⁷ Szent István I, Király Magyarország chose Christmas as the date of his coronation, a choice that indicated a keen awareness how to integrate into the Europe that was taking shape at the time on 25 December 1000.⁴ He became the first King of Hungary, and the first Hungarian ruler to become a Christian, and crowned with a crown sent by Pope Sylvester II, or some say by the Emperor Otto III, on 25 December 1000 or 1 January 1001.^6,11 He waged war against Gyula (his maternal uncle) of Transylvania in 1002.¹¹ He witnessed the death of Vászoly, Herceg of Northern Hungary in 1037; Frehjahr. (Spring?) He had risen against his royal nephew, King Stephen, after the passage of two lunar years. Stephen had Vászoly's eyes gouged out and hot lead poured into his ears.¹¹ Szent István I, Király Magyarország put down the rebellion of his uncle Vászoly, and had his eyes gouged out and hot lead poured into his ears, in 1037.¹¹ He bequeathed his throne, after his last surviving son too predeceased him, to a nephew, Peter, son of his sister and the Doge Otto Orseolo circa 1038.⁵ He died on 15 August 1038 at Székesfehérvár, Hungary. "The songs played on lutes turned sorrowful all over Hungary immediately. The people of the country, nobles and common people, rich and poor, all wept together over the death of the blessed king, with many tears and cries did they mourn the merciful father of orphans. For grief and sadness did they dress in mourning. Young men and virgins did not dance for three years, the musical instruments which played sweet melodies became silent. Everyone, every faithful heart mourned him, with great, inconsolable lamentation."^1,8,6,12 He was the predecessor of Pietro Orseolo, King of Hungary; King of Hungary.⁶ Szent István I, Király Magyarország was proclaimed Saint in 1083.³

     Hermann, Markgraf von Meißen was born circa 980.¹ He was the son of Ekkehart I, Markgraf von Meißen and Suanehild, Markgräfin von Nordmark.¹ Hermann, Markgraf von Meißen married Regelindis, Królewna Polska, daughter of Boleslaw I Chrobry, Król Polska and Emnildis, Herzogin von Polen, in 1002.² Hermann, Markgraf von Meißen died on 1 November 1038.¹

     Gonzalo, rey de Sobrarbre was born after 1013. He was the son of Sancho III "el Mayor", rey de Pamplona y conde de Aragón. Gonzalo, rey de Sobrarbre obtained Sobrarbe and Ribagorza in the division of his father's kingdom in 1035.¹ King of Sobrarbre between 18 October 1035 and 1039. He died circa 1039.

     Brenin Gwynedd Iago ab Idwal o Gwynedd was born circa 974 at Aberffro, Malltraeth, Anglesey, Wales.⁴ He was the son of Brenin Gwynedd Idwal ap Meuric o Gwynedd and unknown (?).^3,1,2 Brenin Gwynedd Iago ab Idwal o Gwynedd married Afandreg verch Gwair of Wales, daughter of Gwair ap Pill of Wales, before 1014.⁴ King of Gwynned between 1023 and 1039.^5,1,6,7 Brenin Gwynedd Iago ab Idwal o Gwynedd died in 1039.^{4,8,1,9,10,11}

     Donnchad mac Gillai Pátraic, rí Osraige & Laigin d'urmhór was the son of Gilla Pátraic mac Donnchada, tigherna Osraighe and Máelmare Haraldsdottir of Dublin.^1,2,3 Also called Donnchad mac Gilli Pátric.⁴ King of Osraige at Ossory, Leinster, Ireland, between 1003 and 1039.⁵ Donnchad mac Gillai Pátraic, rí Osraige & Laigin d'urmhór slew rí Laigin Donn Cuan Baethán Ó Toole in battle in 1016; He was slain by Donnchad, son of Gilla Pátraic, in the middle of Leithglenn.^6,7 Annals of Ulster 1016: "''Donn Cuan son of Dúlang, king of Laigin, and Tadc ua Riain, king of Uí Drona, were slain by Donnchad, son of Gilla Pátraic, in the middle of Leithglenn. / Donn Cuan m. Dunluing,ri Laighen, & Tadhg H. Rian, rí H. n-Drona, do marbad la Donnchad m. Gilla Patraicc for lar Leithghlinne."⁷ King of Laigin at Leinster, Ireland, between 1033 and 1039.⁵ Annals of the Four Masters 1039: "Donnchadh mac Giolla Phátraicc, tigherna Osraighe & Laighen d'urmhór, d'écc iar m-beith i n-galar fhotta." (Donnchadh Mac Gillaphadraig, lord of Osraighe and of the greater part of Leinster, died after long illness.).² Donnchad mac Gillai Pátraic, rí Osraige & Laigin d'urmhór died in 1039.²

     Graf an der Isar und Vils Eberhard von Eppenstein was younger son of Margrave Markward III von Eppenstein and Hadmud von Ebersburg, daughter of Graf Adalbero I.² He was born circa 990. He was the son of Markgraf von Kärnten Markward III von Eppenstein and Gräfin von Viehbach Hadmud von Ebersburg.² Graf an der Isar und Vils Eberhard von Eppenstein married Richgard von Chiemgau, daughter of Pfalzgraf von Schwaben Friedrich I von Büren.² Graf an der Isar und Vils Eberhard von Eppenstein traveled to Italy with the Emperor Conrad II and was described by Conrad's biographer Wipo as a great hero between 1025 and 1027.² He died after 1039.³

     Gräfin von Hennegau Mathilde von Verdun was born in 1003?. She was the daughter of Graf von Eenham Hermann von Verdun and Mathilde (?).¹ Gräfin von Hennegau Mathilde von Verdun married Régnier V, comte de Hainaut, son of Régnier IV, comte de Hainaut and Adwige de France.¹ Gräfin von Hennegau Mathilde von Verdun died after 1039 at St. Vanne, near Verdun. She died as a nun.¹

     Seigneur de Tosni et Conches Roger de Tosny I was born circa 990.³ He was the son of seigneur de Tosni et Conches Ralph de Tosny II.² Seigneur de Tosni et Conches Roger de Tosny I joined with his father in the custody of the castle of Tillières in 1013/14.¹ He married Godeheut (?); His 2nd.⁴ Seigneur de Tosni et Conches Roger de Tosny I attested a charter of Robert I for St. Wandrille in 1031/32.⁵ He was a powerful and haughty man and standard-bearer of all Normandy.^2,1 He distinguished himself in fighting the infidels when he went to Spain while Duke Robert was away on pilgrimage circa 1034.⁶ He founded the abbey of Châtillion or Conches circa 1035.⁶ He rebelled against the appointment of William, Duke Robert II's bastard son, as Duke of Normandy.⁶ He married Adelaide de Barcelona, daughter of Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona and Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona; Her 1st.⁷ Seigneur de Tosni et Conches Roger de Tosny I died in 1038/39. He was killed, with two of his sons, in battle against Roger de Beaumont.⁸ Seigneur de Tosni et Conches Roger de Tosny I was buried in Conches.⁴

     Also called Countes Eudes of Poitou. Also called Duke Eudes of Gascony. Eudes, comte de Poitou, duc d' Aquitaine et de Gascogne inherited Gascony from his mother, Brisca, and united it to Poitou.² He was born circa 1012.³ He was the son of Guillaume III "le Grand", comte de Poitou et duc d' Aquitaine and Brisca de Gascogne.¹ Duke of Aquitaine and Gascony at France between 1038 and 1039. Eudes, comte de Poitou, duc d' Aquitaine et de Gascogne died on 10 March 1039.⁴

     Wilhelm III, Graf von Weimar was born circa 975. He was the son of Wilhelm II "der Große", Graf von Weimar. Wilhelm III, Graf von Weimar married Oda von der Lausitz, daughter of Thietmar II, Markgraf der Nieder-Lausitz and Reinhild, Burgherrin von Beichlingen; Her 1st.¹ Count of Wiemar at Duchy of Thuringia, Kingdom of Germany, between 24 December 1003 and 1039.² Wilhelm III, Graf von Weimar died on 16 April 1039.^1,3

     Dirk III, Graaf van Holland was born in 985. He was the son of Arnulf, Graaf van Holland and Luitgard von Lothringen.^1,2 Dirk III, Graaf van Holland was the predecessor of Arnulf, Graaf van Holland; 3rd Count of Holland.³ Dirk III, Graaf van Holland succeeded Arnulf, his father, to the countship of Holland in 993.² Count of West Friesland after 993.¹ 4th Count of Holland between 18 November 993 and 1029. He married Othelendis von Haldensleben, daughter of Bernard I von Haldensleben, Markgraf der Nordmark, before 1015. Dirk III, Graaf van Holland died on 27 May 1039 at age 54 years.^1,2 He was the predecessor of Dirk IV, Graaf van Holland; 5th Count of Holland.

     Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was related to Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich; the son of the emperor Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia.⁵ Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was intelligent and genial, prudent and firm, and he often displayed great chivalry as well as a strong sense of justice.⁶ He was descended, through the marriage of his great-grandfather Conrad the Red to a daughter of Emperor Otto, from the Saxon house.⁶ He was the son of Count Henry of Speyer.⁶ Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus also went by the name of Conrad II "the Salian" of Franconia. He was born on 12 July 990.^6,7,8 He was the son of Heinrich, Graf von Speyer and Adelaide von Elsaß.⁴ Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was the successor of Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein; 1st Duke of Carinthia.⁹ Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was the successor of Heinrich I "der Heilige", imperator augustus; Emperor of the Romans.¹⁰ Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was left poor and brought up by the Bishop of Worms, not receiving much of a formal education; but, conscious of the deprivations suffered by him and his father, he matured early.⁶ He married Kaiserin Gisela von Schwaben, daughter of Hermann II, Herzog von Schwaben and Gerberga, Gräfin von Werl, Herzogin von Schwaben, in 1016; Her 3rd. 3rd cousins, 1x removed.^11,4,6,12,13 Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus exiled by Emperor Henry II, who was jealous of the growth of Conrad's power, and when since Conrad was distantly related to Gisela, strict canonists took exception to the marriage, and Henry used their findings as an excuse for forcing Conrad into temporary exile.⁶ He was reconciled with Emperor Henry II before 1024.⁶ He succeeded Henry II, his second cousin, twice removed, to the throne of Germany in 1024. He was founder of the Salian dynasty, during his reign, he proved that the German monarchy had become a viable institution, and since the survival of the monarchy was no longer primarily dependent on a compact between sovereign and territorial nobles, it was henceforth invulnerable to prolonged rebellion on their part. King of Germany at German Empire between 1024 and 1039.^10,6 He presented himself to the electoral assembly of the princes at Kamba on the Rhine as a candidate for the succession, and after prolonged debates, the majority voted for him, between 4 September 1024 and 8 September 1024 at Mainz, Germany, Holy Roman Empire.^6,14 He was annointed and crowned by the Archbishop Aribo on 8 September 1024 at the Cathedral, Mainz, Germany.¹⁴ He was was crowned King of Italy in 1026 at Milan, Italy.¹⁴ He was was crowned Emperor by Pope John XIX on Easter Day in March 1027 at Rome, Italy. Emperor of the Romans at German Empire between March 1027 and 1039.^3,6 He secured peace in Poland in 1028. He was a witness where Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was crowned by his father, Conrad, following his election and anointment at an imperial court in March 1028 at Aachen, Germany.^15,16 Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus was offered the childless king Rudolf of Burgundy's succession to his crown, over the opposition of the Burgundian princes, in 1032. He added the lands of the former Kingdom of Burgundy to the German domain in 1033. He received homage homage from the Burgundian Princes, the same who had opposed his succession originally, on 1 August 1034 at Zürich, Switzerland. He continued his eastern campaigns and finally defeated the heathen Liutitians in 1035. He removed Adalbero as Duke of Carinthia in 1035.⁹ Duke of Jurane Burgundy between 1035 and 1039. Duke of Carinthia between 1035 and 1039. He died on 4 June 1039 at Utrecht, German Empire, at age 48 years, 10 months and 23 days.^15,6,7,17

     Renaud I, comte de Tonnerre was born circa 980.² He was the son of Milon II, comte de Tonnerre.¹ Renaud I, comte de Tonnerre married Ervide (?) before 1026. Comte de Tonnerre & de Bar-sur-Seine after 1026.¹ Renaud I, comte de Tonnerre died on 16 July 1039.²

     Konrad II "der Jüngere", Herzog von Kärnten was born circa 1003.³ He was the son of Konrad I "der Ältere", Herzog von Franken und Kärnten and Mathilda von Schwaben.² Konrad II "der Jüngere", Herzog von Kärnten died on 20 July 1039.⁴

     Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was related to Markgraf von Steiermark Otakar II von Steiermark; the younger son of Markgrafen Otakar I von Steiermark and Willibirg von Kärnten, the daughter of Herzog Adalbero.² Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was related to Markgräfin der Kärntner Mark Willibirg von Eppenstein; the daughter of Adalbero, Herzog von Kärnten.² Also called Duke Adalbero of Carinthia. Also called Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Kärnten.³ Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was born circa 980.^3,4 He was the son of Markgraf von Kärnten Markward III von Eppenstein and Gräfin von Viehbach Hadmud von Ebersburg. Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was elevated, being a partymember, by Emperor Henry II as Duke of Carinthia in 1012.¹ 1st Duke of Carinthia between 1012 and 1035.¹ He married Herzogin von Kärnten Beatrice von Schwaben, daughter of Hermann II, Herzog von Schwaben and Gerberga, Gräfin von Werl, Herzogin von Schwaben, before 1023. Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was deposed from the duchy by his father-in-law, Emperor Conrad II, for dealing with Hungary and minting coinage in 1035.¹ He was the predecessor of Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus; Duke of Carinthia. Herzog von Kärnten Adalbero von Eppenstein was was exiled in 1036 at Ebersburg, Bavaria, Germany. He died on 28 November 1039 at the monastery of Grisenfeld, Bavaria, Germany.^5,6

     Nocher III de Bar-sur-Aube was born circa 976. He was the son of Nocher II de Bar-sur-Aube and Aelis de Soissons. Nocher III de Bar-sur-Aube died before 1040.

     Werigand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul was the father of Luitgard von Istrien; the daughter of Weriand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul, and Willipurg, Gräfin von Ebersberg.^3,2 Werigand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul was born circa 975. He married Willipurg, Gräfin von Ebersberg, daughter of Markgraf von Krain Ulrich I von Ebersburg and Richardis von Eppenstein, before 1005. Werigand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul died before 1040.

     Gräfin von Rott, Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Uta von Dießen was born circa 1030. She was the daughter of Friedrich II, Graf an der Sempt, von Dießen, Domvogt von Regensburg and Irmgard von Gilching. Gräfin von Rott, Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Uta von Dießen died circa 1040.² She married Pfalzgraf von Bayern Kuno I von Rott, son of Graf im Wipp- und Norital Poppo III von Rott and Hazaga von Kärnten, after 1050.

     Foucher II "Le Riche" de Vendôme was born circa 1000.¹ He was the son of Foucher I "Le Riche" de Vendôme, seigneur du Bouchet and Hildegarde (?).¹ Foucher II "Le Riche" de Vendôme died circa 1040.¹

     Foucher I "Le Riche" de Vendôme, seigneur du Bouchet was born circa 975.¹ He was the son of Fulcrade, vicomte de Vendôme.¹ Foucher I "Le Riche" de Vendôme, seigneur du Bouchet married Hildegarde (?).¹ Foucher I "Le Riche" de Vendôme, seigneur du Bouchet died circa 1040.¹

     Bethoc MacDuff was born in 1009. She was the daughter of Malcolm MacDuff. Bethoc MacDuff married Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban, son of Crínán, abb Duine Caillenn and Bethoc MacKenneth, before 1031; 3rd cousins. Bethoc MacDuff died in 1040 at age 31 years.

     Earl of Brionne at Normandy.² Also called comte de Brionne Gislebert Crispin d' Eu.² Gilbert I, comte d' Eu & de Brionne was born circa 1012. He was the son of Geoffroi, comte d' Eu et de Brionne.^2,1 Gilbert I, comte d' Eu & de Brionne died in 1040. Assassinated.

     Duc de Bretagne Alain III "le Rebru" de Bretagne was born circa 997. He was the son of Geoffroy I, comte de Bretagne and Hawise de Normandie.^2,3 Duke of Brittany between 1008 and 1040.⁴ Duc de Bretagne Alain III "le Rebru" de Bretagne married Bertha de Blois, daughter of Eudes II, comte de Blois, Chartres, Troyes, et Champagne and Ermengarde d' Auvergne, in 1018; Her 1st.^5,3,1 Duc de Bretagne Alain III "le Rebru" de Bretagne died in 1040.^5,4 He was the predecessor of duc de Bretagne Conan II de Tours; Duke of Brittany.⁴

     Also called Raoul II de Valois. Raoul II de Vexin was born after 974 at Vexin, Normandy, France. He was the son of Gautier II "the White", comte de Vexin, Valois, et Amiens and Adèle de Senlis. Raoul II de Vexin married Adelaide de Breteuil, daughter of Hildouin de Breteuil, before 1025. Raoul II de Vexin married Emeline de Chartres, daughter of Foucher de Chartres, after 1025. Raoul II de Vexin died in 1040.²

     Hermann II, Vogt von Deutz was born circa 957. He was the son of Hermann I "Pusillus", Pfalzgraf bei Rhein.¹ Hermann II, Vogt von Deutz died in 1040.

     Also called Graf von Hennegau Reginar V von Hennegau German.¹ Régnier V, comte de Hainaut was born circa 995.¹ He was the son of Régnier IV, comte de Hainaut and Adwige de France. Régnier V, comte de Hainaut was the successor of Régnier IV, comte de Hainaut; 4th Count of Hainault.^2,3 5th Count of Hainault at Lower Lorraine, Holy Roman Empire, between 1013 and 1036.^3,1 Régnier V, comte de Hainaut married Gräfin von Hennegau Mathilde von Verdun, daughter of Graf von Eenham Hermann von Verdun and Mathilde (?).¹ Régnier V, comte de Hainaut died in 1036.⁴ He was the predecessor of Herman, comte de Hainaut; 6th Count of Hainault.³ Régnier V, comte de Hainaut died in 1040.³

     Hadamut von Friaul, Gräfin von Weimar-Orlamünde was sole heiress of her parents.¹ She was born circa 1010. She was the daughter of Werigand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul and Willipurg, Gräfin von Ebersberg.^2,1 Hadamut von Friaul, Gräfin von Weimar-Orlamünde married Poppo I, Graf von Weimar, Markgraf im Raum Istrien, son of Wilhelm II "der Große", Graf von Weimar.^2,1 Hadamut von Friaul, Gräfin von Weimar-Orlamünde died after 1040.³

     Ermengarde d' Auvergne was born circa 995. She was the daughter of comte d' Auvergne Robert I d' Auvergne and Ermengarde de Toulouse. Ermengarde d' Auvergne married Eudes II, comte de Blois, Chartres, Troyes, et Champagne, son of Eudes I, comte de Blois and Bertha von Burgund, in 1010; His 2nd.² Ermengarde d' Auvergne died on 10 March 1040.

     Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal was the father of Gräfin von Spanheim Richgard von Pustertal; the heiress of Count Engelbert "aus der Sippe der Sighardinger."² Domvogt von Salzburg at Austria.³ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal was per Gewin, the son of Grafen Engelbert im Chiemgau and Adala, daughter of Graf Meginhard in der Mangfall.^4,5 He was the son of Grafen Engelbert III im Chiemgau and Adela von Bayern, daughter of Pfalzgraf Hartwig I.³ He was born circa 1001?. He was the son of Graf im Chiemgau Engelbert III von Chiemgau and Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Adela von Bayern.³ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal married Luitgard von Istrien, daughter of Werigand, Graf von Istrien und Friaul and Willipurg, Gräfin von Ebersberg, before 1022; Her 1st.⁴ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal was identified as the brother of Bishop Hartwig '1022/39.^4,6 He and Luitgard von Istrien made a donation to the Domkapitel '1022/39.⁶ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal, Vogt von Brixen at Tirol, Austria (& Italy), between 1028 and 1040.^3,6 Vogt von Brixen at Tirol, Austria, circa 1030.³ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal died on 15 March 1040.³ Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal was buried in the Dom, Salzburg, Austria.^3,7

      Harald I "Harefoot" Cnutsson, King of England was born circa 1014. He was the son of Knut "den Stor" Sveinsson, King of England and Denmark and Ælgifu of Northampton.^1,2 Annals of Monte Fernando 1035: "Ob. Cnuht rex Anglie, successit Haraldus frater ejus."³ Harald I "Harefoot" Cnutsson, King of England assumed regency at the death of Canute in the stead of his half-brother, Hardicanute, who was then King of Denmark and the legitimate heir to the throne of England on 12 November 1035 at Oxford, England.^4,5 King of England between 12 November 1035 and 1040. He was was crowned King despite the legitimate claim of his half-brother Hardicanute, the son of Emma, in 1037.⁵ Annals of Ulster 1040: "Harold, king of Saxan Siuas ?, dies. / Aralt, ri Saxan Siuais, moritur."⁶ Annals of the Loch Cé 1040: "Aralt, king of the Saxons, givas moritur. / Aralt, rí Saxan, giuas moritus."⁷ Annals of Monte Fernando 1040: "Ob. Haraldus, successit Hardecnuht filius ejus."⁸ He died on 17 March 1040 at Oxford, England. He died unmarried, and just as his half-brother was preparing to invade England.⁴ Harald I "Harefoot" Cnutsson, King of England was buried in Westminster, England.⁴

     Hildegarde von Metz was born in 964. She was the daughter of Adalbert II, Graf vom Saargau, Graf von Metz and Judith von Öhningen, Gräfin im Saargau, Gräfin von Metz.¹ Hildegarde von Metz married Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou, son of Geoffroi I "Grisgonelle", comte d'Anjou and Adelaïs de Vermandois, in 1005; His 2nd.^2,3,4 Hildegarde von Metz died on 1 April 1040 at Jerusalem, Outremer, at age 76 years.

     Eva von Lothringen was born circa 960?. She was the daughter of Siegfried I, Graf im Moselgau and Gräfin von Luxemburg Hedwig von Lothringen. Eva von Lothringen married Gerhard, Graf von Elsaß, son of Eberhard, Graf im elsäßischen Nordgau and Luitgard von Lothringen, in 1000.¹ Eva von Lothringen died on 19 April 1040.¹

     Adelaide von Elsaß was the daughter of Gerhard, Graf von Elsaß and Eva von Lothringen. Adelaide von Elsaß married Heinrich, Graf von Speyer, son of Otto II, Herzog von Kärnten and Judith von Bayern, before 990.² Adelaide von Elsaß was founded the monastery in 1020 at Öhningen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. She died on 19 May 1040. 1046?

      Renaud I, comte de Nevers was born before 1000.¹ Count of Nevers between 1000 and 1040.^3,4 He was the son of Landry IV de Nevers, seigneur de Maërs & de Monceaux and Mathilda de Bourgogne.² Count of Auxerre.⁴ Renaud I, comte de Nevers married Adele de France, daughter of Robert II "le Pieux", roi des Francs and Constance de Provence dit d'Arles, on 28 January 1016.⁴ Renaud I, comte de Nevers died on 29 May 1040 at Sauvigny le Bourginon. Slain.^1,3,5,6

     Also called Foulques "le Noir" d' Anjou.⁶ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou also went by the name of Fulk "the Black" of Anjou. He was the successor of Geoffroi I "Grisgonelle", comte d'Anjou; 3rd Count of Anjou. Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou was born in 970.⁷ He was the son of Geoffroi I "Grisgonelle", comte d'Anjou and Adelaïs de Vermandois.⁵ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou married Elizabeth, comtesse de Vendôme, daughter of Bouchard I "le Viel", comte de Vendôme and Elisabeth, comtesse de Corbeil, in 985; His 1st. 1st cousins.^8,5,9 Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou was associated in the comital title in 986.⁷ He becomes sole count of the Angevins after 21 July 987.⁷ 4th Count of Anjou at France between 21 July 987 and 1040.¹⁰ He leads raids into the regions of Blois and Châteaudun between 988 and 989.⁷ He was was a ruthless warrior who burned and pillaged the monasteries in his path, Fulk nevertheless felt the need for penance, making three pilgrimages to the Holy Land and founding or restoring several abbeys, including those in or near Angers, Loches, and Saumur. He also built strongly fortified castles of stone (instead of wood) along the border of his territory. For this reason he was called le Grand Bâtisseur ("the Great Builder"). He gained full control of Nantes in 992.⁷ He constructed a stronghold at Langeais between 992 and 994.⁷ (an unknown value) on 27 June 992 at the Battle of Conquereuil. He won victory at Conquereuil (where Count Conan of Rennes is killed) on 27 June 992.⁷ He witnessed the death of Conan I "le Tort", comte de Rennes on 27 June 992 at the Battle of Conquereuil; Slain by his brother-in-law, Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou.^11,7 Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou withstood a siege by Odo I of Blois at Langeais in 994.⁷ He was a witness where Eudes I, comte de Blois besieged Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou, at Langeais in 994.⁷ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou withstood a second siege by Odo I of Blois at Langeais, this time Odo dies, between 995 and 996.⁷ He witnessed the death of Eudes I, comte de Blois on 12 March 996 at Mormontier; He is killed besieging Fulk Nerra a second time.⁷ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou made a treaty with William of Aquitaine by which he took Loudunais and Saintonge between 999 and 1000.¹² He executed his wife Elizabeth for adultery in 1000.¹² He witnessed the death of Elizabeth, comtesse de Vendôme in 1000; She was executed for adultry by Fulk.¹² Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou was co-ruler with Maurice d'Anjou; co-Ruler of Anjou.¹² Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou left on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem in 1003 at autumn.¹² He became kin of King Robert II of France when the king married his cousin, Constance of Arles, between 1003 and 1004 at winter.¹² He returned from his pilgrimage to Jerusalem between 1003 and 1004.¹² He resumed diplomatic relations with Bishop Renaud of Paris, his erstwhile brother-in-law, and with King Robert in 1005.¹² He married Hildegarde von Metz, daughter of Adalbert II, Graf vom Saargau, Graf von Metz and Judith von Öhningen, Gräfin im Saargau, Gräfin von Metz, in 1005; His 2nd.^10,12,9 Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou won a major victory against Odo II of Blois at Pontlevoy on 6 July 1016.¹³ He was a witness where Eudes II, comte de Blois, Chartres, Troyes, et Champagne lost a major battle against Fulk Nerra, Count of Anjou, at Pontlevoy on 6 July 1016.¹³ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou went on his third pilgrimage, leaving the government in the hands of his son Geoffrey in 1036.¹⁴ He saw Odo II killed in battle in 1037.¹⁴ He witnessed the death of Eudes II, comte de Blois, Chartres, Troyes, et Champagne in 1037; He was killed in battle.¹⁴ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou made a fourth pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1039.¹⁴ He died on 21 June 1040 at Metz, France, at age 70 years. He died on his return from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, having reigned 53 years. He had decided to meet members of his wife, Hildegarde's family, and took ill. He died before sunset.^1,15 He was the predecessor of Geoffroy II Martel, comte d' Anjou; 5th Count of Anjou.¹⁰ Foulques III "Nerra", comte d'Anjou was buried in the monastery of Belli Locus, near the castrum at Loche, in the Tournais, France. Fulk's unburied remains were preserved with fragrant spices and carried in an honorable manner - presumably with ceremonial dignity worthy of a man considered in some quarters second only to the king - about six hundred kilometers, a minimum of three weeks' travel with a horse-drawn vehicle, from Metz to the castrum at Loches. From Loche the body was moved to the monastery of Belli Locus, two kilometers away, where the monks buried him with great honor in the elegant tomb located in the chapterhouse.¹⁶

     Also called King of Scotland Duncan I "the Gracious" mac Crinan.^6,7,8 Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was related to Maldred mac Crínán; brother of Duncan I, King of Scots.^9,10 Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was born in 1001 at Scotland.⁸ He was the son of Crínán, abb Duine Caillenn and Bethoc MacKenneth.^3,4,5 King of Strathclyde between 1018 and 1034. Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban married Bethoc MacDuff, daughter of Malcolm MacDuff, before 1031; 3rd cousins. Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban married Sibyl of Northumbria, daughter of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria and Ælfflæd of Northumbria, before 1031.⁴ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban succeeded his maternal grandfather, Malcolm II, as king in 1034.⁴ 16th King of Scots between 1034 and 1040.⁴ He was returned to Scotland following a heavy defeat concluding his seige of Durham in 1038. He was made famous in literature as the victim of Shakespeare's "Macbeth," based on the historical king Mac Bethad mac Findláech, who killed Duncan in battle in 1040.¹¹ He died on 14 August 1040 at near Elgin, Moray, Scotland, at age 39 years. He was put to death by his cousin Macbeth, who had joined forces with the invading Northmen. Also see "Macbeth," by William Shakespeare.^12,4,13,1,14 Annals of Ulster 1040: "Donnchad son of Crínán, king of Scotland, was killed by his own people. / Donnchad m. Crinan, rí Alban, a suis occisus est."¹ Annals of Tigernach 1040: "Donncadh mac Crínan, aird-rí Alban immatura etate a suis occissus est."¹⁵ He was a witness where William, 1st Lord Ros of Helmsley one of thirteen possible successors, as the 6th great-grandson of Duncan I, of the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where Erik II "the Priest Hater" Magnusson, King of Norway one of thirteen possible successors, as the father of the 6th great-granddaughter of Duncan I, the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where John "Toom Tabard", King of Scotland one of thirteen possible successors, as the 5th great-grandson of Duncan I, of the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where John "the Black" Comyn one of thirteen possible successors, as 5th great-grandson of Duncan I, to Queen Margaret of Scotland between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where Robert V "the Competitor", 5th Lord of Annandale one of thirteen possible successors, as the 4th great-grandson of Duncan I, of the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.^16,4 Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where Nicholas de Soulis one of thirteen possible successors, as the 6th great-grandson of Duncan I, of the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.^16,4 Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where Patrick MacCrinan one of thirteen possible successors, as 5th great-grandnephew of Duncan I, to Queen Margaret of Scotland between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where Floris V "der Keerlen God", Graaf van Holland one of thirteen possible successors, as the 6th great-grandson of Duncan I, of the late Queen Margaret of Scotland, between 1290 and 1292.¹⁶ Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban was a witness where John "Toom Tabard", King of Scotland selected by Edward I of England to succeed his 3rd cousin, once removed, Margaret, daughter of Eric II of Norway and Margaret, daughter of Alexander III. On 17 November 1292.⁴

     Burkhard II von Nellenburg was born circa 1016?. He was the son of Eberhard IV, Graf von Nellenburg and Hedwig (?).¹ Burkhard II von Nellenburg died on 21 August 1040. He was killed in battle.²

     Thiemo II, Graf von Formbach und Schweinachgau was the son of Thiemo I, Graf von Formbach und Schweinachgau.¹ Thiemo II, Graf von Formbach und Schweinachgau married N. N. von Braunschweig, daughter of Brun, Graf von Braunschweig, Graf im Derlingau.¹ Thiemo II, Graf von Formbach und Schweinachgau died on 28 August 1040.²