Person Page - 335

     Guillaume IV, comte d' Auvergne married Humberge de Limoges before 965.² Guillaume IV, comte d' Auvergne was born circa 965. He was the son of Guy, comte d' Auvergne and Ausende (?).² Guillaume IV, comte d' Auvergne was an adherant of Charles, Duke of Lorraine, against Hugh Capet between 974 and 990. He died in 1016.²

     Sire de Beaujeu Humbert I de Beaujeu was born circa 943. He was the son of sire de Beaujeu Béraud de Beaujeu and Wandelmodis de Salins.¹ Sire de Beaujeu Humbert I de Beaujeu married Emelde (?) before 963. Sire de Beaujeu Humbert I de Beaujeu died in 1016.²

     Also called Uchtred In some sources. Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria was born in 989.¹ He was the son of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria.^1,2 Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria was a witness where Cináed mac Máel Coluim, rí Alban defeated by Uhtred, son of the elderly Earl of Bamburgh, after his attack on the North East after claiming the region as part of Scotland and taking advantage of the turmoil caused by the Viking attacks on England in 995. High-Reeve of Bamburgh between 995 and 1016.³ Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria was a witness where Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, rí Alban badly defeated by the North Easterners, again led by Uhtred of Bamburgh, during an attack on the city of Durham in 1006. Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria was appointed Earl of Northumberland by King Athelred of England and Wessex following his success against Malcolm of the Scots in 1006. Earl of Northumbria at England between 1006 and 1016.^1,4,2 He married Ecgthryth of Durham, daughter of Bishop of Durham Ealdhun of Durham; His 1st. Her 1st.^1,2 Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria and Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, rí Alban were fought a battle in 1008 at Carham. Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria married Ælfgifu of Wessex, daughter of Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Ælfgifu of Northumbria, before 1015; His 3rd.^1,5 Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria led an army into the West Midlands to trouble the usurper Canute in 1016. He died in 1016 at Wighall near York, England, at age 27 years. Assasinated at King Canute's court. The Earl was visiting Canute in the hope of making peace by offering the king a number of hostages. Uchtred never got to see the king as he was set upon and murdered by one of his own noblemen called Thurbrand who has some kind of vendetta against Uchtred. In truth Uchtred, a known supporter of the King of Wessex was unlikely to be trusted by Canute and the king may well have instigated the murder.^1,4

     Of Uí Muiredaig branch of Uí Dúnlaing. Rí Laigin Donn Cuan Baethán Ó Toole was born circa 939. He was the son of rí Laigin Dúnlang mac Tuathail Uí Muiredaig.¹ Rí Laigin Donn Cuan Baethán Ó Toole was the successor of rí Laigin Dúnlang mac Tuathail Uí Muiredaig; King of Laigin.^2,3 King of Leinster at Ireland between 1014 and 1016.⁴ Annals of the Loch Cé 1016: "Donn Cuan mac Dúnlaing, rí Laighen, & Tadhc .H. Riain, rí .H. n-Drona, do mharbad lá Donnchad mac Gilla Patraic for lár Leithghlinne. / Donncuan, son of Dunlaing, king of Laighen, and Tadhg Ua Riain, king of Uí-Drona, were killed by Donnchadh, son of Gillapatraic, in the middle of Leithghlinn."⁵ Rí Laigin Donn Cuan Baethán Ó Toole died in 1016. He was slain by Donnchad, son of Gilla Pátraic, in the middle of Leithglenn.^6,4 Annals of Ulster 1016: "Donn Cuan son of Dúlang, king of Laigin, and Tadc ua Riain, king of Uí Drona, were slain by Donnchad, son of Gilla Pátraic, in the middle of Leithglenn. / Donn Cuan m. Dunluing,ri Laighen, & Tadhg H. Rian, rí H. n-Drona, do marbad la Donnchad m. Gilla Patraicc for lar Leithghlinne."⁴

     Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina was the nephew of Dragimir Dukljanina; uncle of St. Vladimir.³ Prince of Trebinje.⁴ Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina was nephew of Dragimir.³ Married to Kossara Chryselios, per Theroff, or Cossara Kometopolous, per the Priest of Duklja? Also called St. Vladimir of Serbia. He was born circa 978. He was the son of King Petrislav Dukljanina.² King of Duklja at (Montenegro), Balkan Peninsula, between 990 and 1016.¹ Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina married Kossara Khrysilios, daughter of Theodoros Khrysilios, circa 998.⁴ Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina was still a youth ruling in his father's stead when Samuel, emperor of the Bulgars, mustered a mighty army which he led into the Dalmatian lands which lay beyond the territory of King Vladimir circa 998?.⁵ He was held prisoner of Tsar Samuel as the Tsar ravaged the lands of Dalmatia.⁵ He was married to Cossara, daughter of the Emperor Samuel, who desired him, and since he was of royal lineage the emperor was delighted to oblige and released him.⁵ He married Teodora Kosara Kometopoulos, daughter of Samuil, Tsar of Bulgaria.⁵ Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina was a witness where Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria murdered Jovan Vladimir, later St. Vladimir, Prince of Duklja in 1016.¹ Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina died in 1016 at Prespa, Croatia, Balkan Peninsula. Murdered, finally falling victim to a plot by his alleged ally, the last ruler of the First Bulgarian empire, Jovan Vladislav.^4,1 Knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina was buried in Krajina, Croatia.⁴ Feast Day. He was recognized as a martyr and saint, with a cult that persists to this day. On 4 June.¹ He was the predecessor of Stefan Vojislav, knez Duklje; King of Duklja.^4,6,7

     Nikephoros Botaneiates was born circa 955. He died after 1016.

     Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was the son of Ælfthryth.¹⁰ Also called Æthelred Rex.¹¹ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English also went by the name of Æthelred "the Ræd-less" "Ræd-less" means "lacking counsel."⁴ He was born circa 966.^2,7 He was the son of Edgar "the Pacific", King of the English and Ælfthryth, Queen of the English.^5,6,7,8,9 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English appeared in the will of Ælfheah, ealdorman, which read, in part, "... [land] at Walkhampstead (now Godstone), Surrey, to Æthelred, Edgar's son" between 968 and 971.¹² He was the successor of Edward "the Martyr", King of the English; King of the English.¹³ King of the English at England between 18 March 978 and 23 April 1016.⁴ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was crowned King of England on 4 April 978 at Kingston-upon-Thames, Middlesex, England.⁴ Annals of Monte Fernando 979: "Ob. Sanctus Edwardus martirio, successit Edildredus."¹⁴ He killed his half-brother, St. Edward the Martyr, to sieze the throne of England on 18 March 979.⁷ He witnessed the death of Edward "the Martyr", King of the English on 18 March 979 at near Corfe Castle, Dorset, England; He died unmarried. He was murdered by members of his brother Æthelred's household. Burke's says he was murdered by his stepmother, Queen Elfrida.^7,13 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was crowned as King of England on 14 April 979 at Kingston, England.⁷ He married Ælfgifu of Northumbria, daughter of Earldorman Thored Æthelstan, in 984; His 1st.^2,6,7,15,9 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English appears in the charter of Æthelmær, "satrap of King Æthelred and son of Æthelweard" in 987.¹⁶ He was a witness where Óláfr Tryggvason, King of Norway first attacked England at the head of the "Danes" and exacted a tribute of 10,000 pounds of gold and silver for peace in 991.^17,18,19 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English plagued by Viking attacks led by King Olaf of Norway between 991 and 994.¹⁹ He and Richard I "Sans Peur", Leader of the Normans of Rouen came to terms, at the urging of Pope John XV, on 1 March 991 at Rouen, Normandy. The rulers set out the peace between them in these terms: that if either of them, or their people, were to commit a crime against the other, it should be atoned for with fitting compensation, that the peace should remain between them forever unshaken, and that neither was to receive the enemies of the other.
Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English served as Godfather when King Olaf of Norway, with whom he had reconciled, was, though already a Christian, confirmed at Andover in 994 at Hampshire, England.¹⁹ He was a witness where Óláfr Tryggvason, King of Norway plagued England again with his warships and ally, Sven Forkbeard, but the English put up heavy resistance, London was saved, though a tribute of 16,000 pounds was exacted in 994.^18,19 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was a witness where Óláfr Tryggvason, King of Norway confirmed, though already a Christian at Andover, with Ethelred, with whom he had been reconciled, as his godfather in 994 at Hampshire, England.¹⁹ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English sent a fleet of ships to attack the Norse settled on the Isle of Man in 1000. He appeared in the will of Ælfflæd, which read, in part "... bequests of land at Dovercourt, Fulanpettæ (Beaumont), Alresford, Stanway, Byrton in Stanway (lost), Lexden, Essex; Elmsett and Buxhall, Suffolk, to the king" in 1000.²⁰ He ravaged Cumberland, which belonged to the kingdom of Strathclyde, with his land forces in 1000 at Cumbria, England. He married Emma Regina, daughter of Richard I "Sans Peur", Leader of the Normans of Rouen and Gunnor de Crepon, in 1002; His 2nd. Her 1st.^2,21,7,22 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English ordered the massacre of all Danes in England on 13 November 1002 at St. Brices Day.²³ He witnessed the death of Gunnhildr Haraldsdóttir of Denmark on 13 November 1002 at the St. Brices Day Massacre, Danelaw, England; She was killed when King Ethelred ordered the massacre of all Danes in England.^24,25 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English attacked by the Danes led by Sven Forkbeard in revenge for the St. Brice's Day Massacre between 1003 and 1005.²⁶ He was a witness where Sveinn Tveskaeg Haraldsson, King of Denmark and England attacked England, not so much to secure a kingdom but as a gesture of revenge to the massacre of the Danes, including his sister, at the hands of the English, between 1003 and 1005.²⁶ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was a witness where Uhtred "the Bold", Earl of Northumbria appointed Earl of Northumberland by King Athelred of England and Wessex following his success against Malcolm of the Scots in 1006. Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was a witness where Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia one of King Æthelred II's principle councellors, presiding over the whole kingdom as a "sub-king" between 1008 and 1016.²⁷ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Oláfr "den Hellige" Haraldsson, King of Norway were fought together against the Danes before 1013 at England. Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was abandoned his throne and fled for the safety of Normandy in the face of the Viking invasions in December 1013.⁴ He appeared in the will of his son, the Ætheling Æthelstan, which read, in part "bequests of land ... at Chalton, Hants., Northtune and at Mollington, Oxon., to King Æthelred" in 1014.²⁸ He was a witness where Ætheling Æthelstan of Wessex left a will, which is dated 1114 (proven this date?), including bequests of land to King Æthelred, his brother Edmund, in 1014.²⁸ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English witnessed the will of Ætheling Æthelstan of Wessex in 1014; "Will of the Ætheling Æthelstan, including bequests of land at Adderbury, Oxon., Marlow, Bucks., and (Steeple) Morden, Cambs., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Hollingbourne and Garrington in Littlebourne, Kent, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Rotherfield (? Sussex) to Nunnaminster, Winchester; at Chalton, Hants., Northtune and at Mollington, Oxon., to King Æthelred; land in East Anglia and Peacesdele (? Peak District or Pegsdon, Beds.) to Edmund, his brother; at Hambleden, Bucks., to Ælfmær; at Cumtune to Godwine; at Westune to Ælfswith; at Heorulfestune to Ælfwine; at Catherington, Hants., to Ælfmær; at Hockcliffe, Beds., to Siferth; at Tewin, Herts., to Æthelweard the Stammerer and to Lyfing; at Lutegaresheale (? Ludgershall, Wilts.), to Godwine the Driveller."²⁹ Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was restored to the throne of England on the death of the Viking leader Sven Forkbeard on 3 February 1014.^7,4 He died on 23 April 1016 at London, Middlesex, England.^2,7,4 Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English was buried in Old St. Paul's Cathedral, London, Middlesex, England.^7,4

     Also called Eiliswintha von Walbeck.^3,2 Eilika, Gräfin von Schweinfurt was born circa 930.¹ She was the daughter of Lothar II, Graf von Walbeck and Mathilda von Querfurt, Gräfin von Walbeck.^2,1 Eilika, Gräfin von Schweinfurt married Berthold, Graf von Schweinfurt, Markgraf von Nordgau, son of Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern and Judith, Herzogin von Bayern, in 942.^1,4 Eilika, Gräfin von Schweinfurt founded the Monastery of Schwienfurt circa 990 at Schwienfurt, Bavaria.² She died on 19 August 1016 at the Monastery, Schweinfurt, Bavaria.⁵ Eilika, Gräfin von Schweinfurt was buried in the Monastery, Schweinfurt, Bavaria.²

     Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English was called Ironside for his valour.⁷ He was born circa 989 at Wessex, England.^2,4,8 He was the son of Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Ælfgifu of Northumbria.^4,5,6 Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English appeared in the will of his brother, the Ætheling Æthelstan, which read, in part "[bequests of] land in East Anglia and Peacesdele (? Peak District or Pegsdon, Beds.) to Edmund, his brother" in 1014.⁹ He was a witness where Ætheling Æthelstan of Wessex left a will, which is dated 1114 (proven this date?), including bequests of land to King Æthelred, his brother Edmund, in 1014.⁹ Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English witnessed the will of Ætheling Æthelstan of Wessex in 1014; "Will of the Ætheling Æthelstan, including bequests of land at Adderbury, Oxon., Marlow, Bucks., and (Steeple) Morden, Cambs., to Old Minster, Winchester; at Hollingbourne and Garrington in Littlebourne, Kent, to Christ Church, Canterbury; at Rotherfield (? Sussex) to Nunnaminster, Winchester; at Chalton, Hants., Northtune and at Mollington, Oxon., to King Æthelred; land in East Anglia and Peacesdele (? Peak District or Pegsdon, Beds.) to Edmund, his brother; at Hambleden, Bucks., to Ælfmær; at Cumtune to Godwine; at Westune to Ælfswith; at Heorulfestune to Ælfwine; at Catherington, Hants., to Ælfmær; at Hockcliffe, Beds., to Siferth; at Tewin, Herts., to Æthelweard the Stammerer and to Lyfing; at Lutegaresheale (? Ludgershall, Wilts.), to Godwine the Driveller."¹⁰ Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English married Ealdgyth Morcardóttir of Northumbria, daughter of Morcar of Northumbria and Ælfthryth of Mercia, in August 1015; Her 2nd (widow).^2,4,11,12,5 Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English was crowned as King of England in April 1016 at Old St. Paul's Cathedral, London, Middlesex, England.⁸ He succeeded his father to the throne of England on 23 April 1016.⁴ King of the English at England between 23 April 1016 and 30 November 1016.⁸ He died on 30 November 1016 at Oxford, England. He was murdered.^2,4,13 Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English was buried in Glastonbury Abbey, Glastonbury, Somerset, England.^4,8

     Gebhard I, Graf von Querfurt was born circa 970.³ He was the son of Brun "der Ältere", Graf zu Querfurt-Schrapelau and Ida , wife of Brun von Querfurt.² Gebhard I, Graf von Querfurt married N. N. von Wettin, daughter of Graf vom Hassegau Burchard von Wettin.² Gebhard I, Graf von Querfurt died circa 1017.⁴

     Judith de Bretagne was related to Richard III, duc de Normandie; son of RIchard II of Normandy by Judith.⁷ Judith de Bretagne was born in 982 at Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, Brittany, France. She was the daughter of Conan I "le Tort", comte de Rennes and Ermengarde d'Anjou.^4,5,6 Judith de Bretagne married Richard II "le Bon", duc de Normandie, son of Richard I "Sans Peur", Leader of the Normans of Rouen and Gunnor de Crepon, before 997 at Mont S. Michel; His 1st.^4,5 Judith de Bretagne died in 1017 at age 35 years.^6,5

     Edwy of Wessex was born circa 991. He was the son of Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Ælfgifu of Northumbria.^1,2 Edwy of Wessex died in 1017. Murdered.^1,2

     King of Denmark Haraldr Sveinsson was born circa 970. He was the son of Sveinn Tveskaeg Haraldsson, King of Denmark and England and Królewna Polska Gunhilda Piast.^2,1,3 King of Denmark at Scandinavia between 1014 and 1017. King of Denmark Haraldr Sveinsson was dispossesed by his brother, Canute, in 1017.² He died in 1017.²

     Áengus mac Donnchad was the son of Donnchad Carrach Calma mac Murchada.¹ Áengus mac Donnchad died in 1017.¹

     Basilios Argyros was the son of Leo Argyros and Agatha Lekapena.¹ Basilios Argyros died in 1017.¹

     Emnildis, Herzogin von Polen was a daughter of the "senior" Dobromir.² She was born circa 968. She was the daughter of Dobromir, Fürst der Heveller and N. N. des Sachsen.¹ Emnildis, Herzogin von Polen married Boleslaw I Chrobry, Król Polska, son of Mieszko I, Ksiaze Polska and Dobrawa, Knezna Ceská, in 987; His 3rd.² Emnildis, Herzogin von Polen died in 1017.¹

     Patriarch of Grado Vitale Candiano was the son of Pietro Candiano IV, doge della Repubblica di Venezia and Johanna di Venezia.¹ Bishop of Torcello circa 960.² Patriarch of Grado between 969 and 1017.² Patriarch of Grado Vitale Candiano was the predecessor of Orso, patriarca di Grado; Patriarch of Grado. Patriarch of Grado Vitale Candiano died in 1017. He had occupied the patriarch for well over half a century, the longest as anyone could remember.³

     Humberge de Limoges was born circa 945. She married Guillaume IV, comte d' Auvergne, son of Guy, comte d' Auvergne and Ausende (?), before 965.¹ Humberge de Limoges died after 1017.

     Gunzelin von Kuckenburg, Markgraf von Meißen was born circa 963?. He was the son of Gunther, Markgraf von Merseburg and Dobrawa, Knezna Ceská.² Gunzelin von Kuckenburg, Markgraf von Meißen married N. N. des Heveller, daughter of Dobromir, Fürst der Heveller and N. N. des Sachsen, in 987.^1,3 Gunzelin von Kuckenburg, Markgraf von Meißen died after 1017.^1,4

     Also called Sancho I "of the Good Laws". Also called conde de Castilla Sancho I "el de los buenos fueros" García de Lara.^1,2,3 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla was born circa 965.^1,2 He was the son of García I "el de las Manos Blancas", conde de Castilla and Aba Raimúndez de Ribagorza.^1,2 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla was the successor of García I "el de las Manos Blancas", conde de Castilla; Count of Castile.^4,5,6 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla married Urraca Salvadorez de Castilla, daughter of Salvadore Pedro, conde de Castilla, in 994; 1st cousins.^1,2 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla succeeded his father to the county of Castile in 995. Count of Castile at the Kingdom of León, Spain, between 19 July 995 and 1017.^4,7,5 He sacked Córdoba, a military adventure without fundamental significance, in 1009.⁸ He was the predecessor of García, conde de Castilla; Count of Castile.^4,9,3 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla died on 5 February 1017.^1,2 Sancho I "el de los Buenos Fueros", conde de Castilla was buried in St. Salvador's, Oña, Burgos Province, Castile.²

     Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau was the father of N. N. von Schweinfurt; the daughter of Markgrafen Heinrich I.⁷ Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau was born in 975.^4,8 He was the son of Berthold, Graf von Schweinfurt, Markgraf von Nordgau and Eilika, Gräfin von Schweinfurt.^5,6 Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau married Gerberge von Henneberg, Markgräfin im bayerischen Nordgau, daughter of Graf im Grabfeld Otto II von Babenberg, before 1003.^4,8 Margrave of Schweinfurt. Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau died on 18 September 1017 at age 42 years.^4,8 Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau was buried in Burg Schweinfurt, Bavaria, Germany.⁸

     Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia was born circa 985. He was the son of Morcar of Northumbria and Ælfthryth of Mercia.¹ Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia witnessed the death of Ealdorman of Northumbria Ælfhelm of Mercia in 1006; He was killed by Eadric Streona, who blinded his two sons. This murder prompted his daughter to have her husband, King Canute, execute Eadric.² Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia killed Ælfhelm, ealdorman of Deira and brother of Wulfric Spot, and blinded his two sons in 1006.^3,4 He married Edith of Wessex, daughter of Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Ælfgifu of Northumbria, between 1007 and 1009.⁵ Ealdorman of Mercia at England between 1007 and 1017.⁶ Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia was one of King Æthelred II's principle councellors, presiding over the whole kingdom as a "sub-king" between 1008 and 1016.³ He witnessed the death of Sigeferth, thegn of the Seven Boroughs in 1015 at Oxford, England; He was killed by Eadric Streona, ealdorman of Mercia, while Eadric was entertaining him.^7,2 Eadric Streona, Ealdorman of Mercia butchered the first husband of Aelgifu, whom King Edmund II subsequently married, while entertaining him at Oxford in 1015.⁷ He died on 25 December 1017. He was executed by King Canute, who'd taken as consort a cousin of the wife whose first husband he'd murdered.⁶

     Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand was related to Adalbert II, Markgraf von Mailand; the son of Alberto (Azzo) I by (probably) Waldrade Candiano, daughter of Pietro Candiano, doge of Venice, by Waldrade who was certainly a daughter of King Hugh of Italy.² Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand was son of Pfalzgraf Otbert II of Milan, and Railenda, daughter of Count Riprand.¹ Markgraf of Milan.¹ Please note that "Obizzo" is a nickname for Oberto and "Azzo" for Alberto; they are not distinct or double names, though some English-speaking authorities render them so.² Also called marchese di Milano Adalberto I d' Este.³ Also called Azzo I.⁴ He was born circa 970.⁵ He was the son of Otbert II, Pfalzgraf von Mailand and Railinda di Como.¹ Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand associated with Adele (?); She lived under the "Salic Law" meaning she was a pagan.¹ Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand married Waldrade Candiano, daughter of Pietro Candiano IV, doge della Repubblica di Venezia and dogaressa di Venezia Waldrada di Toscana, before 997; His 2nd.² Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand lived circa 997 at Este, Verona, Italy. He supported his brother-in-law, King Arduin of Italy, against the Emperor, Henry II in 1002.¹ He was imprisoned by the Emperor, along with his brother, for supporting King Arduin of Italy in 1014 at Burg Giebichenstein.¹ He was an opponent of Henry II of Germany. He was captured in flight on the Engelsbrucke.. He died before 1018 at Burg Giebichenstein, Germany. Died in captivity.⁶

     Thyra Sveinsdóttir was born in 994.¹ She was the daughter of Sveinn Tveskaeg Haraldsson, King of Denmark and England and Królewna Polska Gunhilda Piast.¹ Thyra Sveinsdóttir married Godwin, Earl of Wessex, son of Wulfnoth Cild of Wessex, circa 1014; His 1st.¹ Thyra Sveinsdóttir died circa 1018. She died leaving issue with Godwin.¹

     Also called Khan Trajan of the West Bulgars. Trajan Kometopoulos was born circa 995. He was the son of Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria and Marija of Byzantium.^2,3 Trajan Kometopoulos married Kontostephane Aballanta, daughter of Romanos Aballantes and N. N. Kourkouaina, before 1018.⁴ Trajan Kometopoulos died in 1018 at Constantinople, Byzanitum. Died in exile.¹ Tsar of West Bulgaria in 1018.¹

     Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona was the son of Borrel II de Barcelona and of Letgarde de Rouergue.²
He was born in 972. He was the son of Borrell II, conde de Barcelona, Gerona y Ausona and Luitgarde de Toulouse. Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona married Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona, daughter of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges and Adelais de Pons, between 990 and 991.^3,4 Count of Barcelona, Gerona, Ausona at Catalonia, Spain, between 992 and 1018.^5,6,4,7 Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona sacked Córdoba (a plundering expedition invited by partisan strife in Andalucía) with his brother, Armengol of Urgel, in 1010.⁶ He witnessed the death of Armengol I "el de Cordoba", conde de Urgell on 1 September 1010 at Córdoba, Andalucía, Spain; Killed in battle. Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona died in 1018 at age 46 years.^8,9

     Rí Laigsi Cernach Ua Mórdha was the son of Cennétig mac Mórda.¹ King of Leix at Leinster, Ireland, before 1018.² Rí Laigsi Cernach Ua Mórdha died in 1018.³

     Jarl of Ringerike Sigurdr Syr Hálfdanarson was the son of Hálfdan Sigurdsson.¹ Jarl of Ringerike Sigurdr Syr Hálfdanarson married Ásta Gudbrandsdóttir, daughter of Gudbrand Kúla of Uppland and Gunnhildr (?); Her 2nd.¹ Jarl of Ringerike Sigurdr Syr Hálfdanarson died in 1018.²

     Count at Ratagau. Count at Traungau. Arnold I, Graf im Rotagau was born circa 960. He was the son of Meginhard III, Graf im Traungau. Arnold I, Graf im Rotagau was living between 980 and 1018. He died after 1018.

     Also called Gerberga von Nieder-Lothringen.⁶ Gerberge de Basse-Lorraine was born in 975.^4,7,5 She was the daughter of Carolus I, duc de Lothier and Adelais (?).^3,4,5 Gerberge de Basse-Lorraine married Lambert I "mit dem Barte", Graf von Löwen, son of Régnier III, comte de Hainaut and Adela von Löwen, circa 990.^1,4,7,5 Gerberge de Basse-Lorraine died on 27 January 1018 at age 43 years.^1,8,9

     Knez of Srpsko Zagorje.¹ Grand Zupan of Rassa Ljutomir Velji of Srpsko Zagorje was born circa 930. He died before February 1018.²

      Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria was born in 966. He was the son of Aaron Amitopulos Kometopoulos.^1,2 Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria married Marija of Byzantium.^3,2,4 Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria was the successor of Gavril Radomir, Tsar of Bulgaria; Tsar of Bulgaria.^5,2,6,7 Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria deposed and killed his uncle (the man who once pleaded for his life when it was threatened by Gabriel's father, Samuel, when Samuel killed Ivan's father) and became King of Bulgaria in 1015. Tsar of Bulgaria between 1015 and 1018.⁸ He murdered Jovan Vladimir, later St. Vladimir, Prince of Duklja in 1016.⁹ He witnessed the death of knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina in 1016 at Prespa, Croatia, Balkan Peninsula; Murdered, finally falling victim to a plot by his alleged ally, the last ruler of the First Bulgarian empire, Jovan Vladislav.^2,9 Ivan Vladislav, Tsar of Bulgaria died in February 1018 at Durazzo at age 52 years. He was slain in battle. After his death Bulgaria became a Byzantine province.^3,2,10

     Dragimir Dukljanina was uncle of St. Vladimir.¹ He was second son of Chvalimir.² He ruled Tribunia and Chelma.² Also called Dragomir of Dioclea.³ He was the uncle of knez Duklje Jovan Vladimir Dukljanina; nephew of Dragimir.¹ Dragimir Dukljanina was born circa 960. He was the son of Chlavimir Dukljanina.² Dragimir Dukljanina married N. N. (?); His 1st.¹ Dragimir Dukljanina married N. N. of Srpsko Zagorje, daughter of Grand Zupan of Rassa Ljutomir Velji of Srpsko Zagorje; His 2nd.³ Dragimir Dukljanina was granted the the land of Tribunia, where he might gather his people and settle, by the Tsar Samuel after his nephew, Vladimir, married the Tsar's daughter.⁴ He heard news of the emperor's death, that of Tsar Ivan Vladislav of Bulgaria, and gathered his people and army in order to lay claim to the land of his fathers in February 1018.¹ He died in February 1018. "Therefore, arriving at the bay of the city of Kotor, he ordered his people to cross the sea. The citizens of Kotor prepared ships, and brought out to him bread, wine and abundant provisions for his journey, and invited him to dine on the island of St. Gabriel. Boarding one of the ships with a few followers, he sailed to the place where lunch would be prepared. When the citizens of Kotor saw that they were many and there were but a few men with Dragimir, and that because they were on an island nobody could rush to his aid from the land, they began to converse among themselves in this manner: 'The emperor of the Bulgars is dead, and the kings of this country are also dead; therefore this land has passed from the hands of their progeny. If that fellow lived and captured the land it would not be good for us. For he might persecute us as other kings have persecuted us, and they were his fathers and brothers. Therefore, we must kill him, so that he will have no offspring who will persecute and harass us or our children.' So, while they were sitting down to dine, all together they returned to the offensive. Because [their tempers] had been stoked by wine they rose to kill him. When he saw this, he grabbed his sword and fled into a church, where he stood within, sword unsheathed to defend himself. Those standing outside did not dare to enter, until one of their number climbed up onto the roof of the church and began to rip up tiles and stones which he threw down into the church and killed him."¹

     Graf von Haldensleben.² Bernard I von Haldensleben, Markgraf der Nordmark was the son of Grafen Dietrich von Haldensleben.² He was born circa 960. He was the son of Dietrich von Haldensleben, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark and N. N. von Walbeck.² Bernard I von Haldensleben, Markgraf der Nordmark married N. N. Vladimirovna of Rus, daughter of Vladimir I Velikiy Svyatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev and N. N. of Bulgaria, before 985; This marriage is only presumed. One look at the age of Vladimir's daughter casts doubt on the matter. Markgraf der Nordmark between 1009 and 1018.² Bernard I von Haldensleben, Markgraf der Nordmark died after 14 April 1018.²

     Królewna Polska Piast was born circa 995. She was the daughter of Boleslaw I Chrobry, Król Polska and Emnildis, Herzogin von Polen.^1,2 Królewna Polska Piast married Svyatopolk I Vladimirovich, Grand Prince of Kiev, son of Vladimir I Velikiy Svyatoslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev and N. N. (?), between 1009 and 1012.^1,2 Królewna Polska Piast died on 14 August 1018.

     Vasak I, King of Siwnik' was born circa 940?. He was the son of Smbat II, Prince of Siwnik'.³ King of Siwnik' at Armenia between 998 and 1019.⁴ Vasak I, King of Siwnik' died circa 1019. With his death the senior line of the House of Siwnik' became extinct, his lands passed to his son-in-law the Bagratid Gagik I of Ani.^5,6

     Also called Ermentrude. Ermengardis de Lothier was born in 985.³ She was the daughter of duc de Lothier Otto de Lothier and Adelais (?).³ Ermengardis de Lothier married Albert I, comte de Namur, son of Robert I, comte de Namur and Ermengarde de Lorraine, circa 1003.^4,3 Ermengardis de Lothier died in 1019 at age 34 years.⁴

     Guilhem II, comte de Provence was born in 986.² He was the son of Guilhem I "le Libérateur", duc de Provence and Adele Blanche, comtesse d' Anjou.² Count of Provence at Kingdom of Burgundy between 994 and 1019.² Guilhem II, comte de Provence married Gerberge de Bourgogne, daughter of Otto-Wilhelm, Graf von Macon und Burgund and Ermentrude de Roucy.^3,4 Guilhem II, comte de Provence inherited lands from his maternal uncle, Bishop Drozon of Puy. He was the predecessor of Guilhem IV, comte de Provence; Count of Provence.⁵ Guilhem II, comte de Provence died in 1019 at age 33 years.² Guilhem II, comte de Provence was buried in Montmajour.¹

     Domnall mac Máel Sechnaill, rí Midhe was the son of Máel Sechnaill, rí Midi, *Ard-rí na h'Éireann*.¹ King of Meath at Ireland before 1019.² Annals of Ulster 1019: "Domnall son of Mael Sechnaill, successor of Finnén and Mo-Cholmóc, rested in Christ. / Domhnall m. Mail Shechlainn, comarba Finnen & Mo Colmog, in Christo quiéuit."² Domnall mac Máel Sechnaill, rí Midhe died in 1019.²

     Robert de Genève was the son of Conrad de Genève.¹ Robert de Genève died in 1019.¹

     Graf in der Goldhinishundere Marquard I von Bregenz was born circa 960?. He was the son of Graf von Bregenz Adalbert von Bregenz.¹ Graf in der Goldhinishundere Marquard I von Bregenz died in 1019.¹

     Eadwulf I Cudel, High Reeve was born circa 990. He was the son of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria.¹ High-Reeve of Bamburgh at England between 1016 and 1019.² Earl of Northumbria beyond the Tees at England on 30 November 1016.¹ Eadwulf I Cudel, High Reeve was appointed Earl of Northumbria, north of the Tees, by King Canute on 30 November 1016. He was a witness where Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, rí Alban inflicted a heavy defeat on the Northumbrians under the leadership of Earl Eadulf Cudel (brother of the late Earl Uhtred) in a decisive battle in 1019 at Carham on Tweed. Eadwulf I Cudel, High Reeve died in 1019?.

     Nocher II de Bar-sur-Aube was born circa 951. He was the son of Nocher I de Bar-sur-Aube. Nocher II de Bar-sur-Aube married Aelis de Soissons, daughter of comte de Soissons Guy de Vermandois and Adelaide de Soissons, before 976. Nocher II de Bar-sur-Aube died after 1019.

     Comte de Meaux et Troyes Stephanus de Meaux was born circa 975.² He was the son of comte de Meaux et Troyes Heribert IV "le Jeune" de Vermandois.^1,2 Count of Troyes circa 995.² Comte de Meaux et Troyes Stephanus de Meaux died between 1019 and 1021.^1,2

     Gerberge de Bourgogne was born circa 985.² She was the daughter of Otto-Wilhelm, Graf von Macon und Burgund and Ermentrude de Roucy.¹ Gerberge de Bourgogne married Guilhem II, comte de Provence, son of Guilhem I "le Libérateur", duc de Provence and Adele Blanche, comtesse d' Anjou.^3,1 Gerberge de Bourgogne died between 1019 and 1024.⁴

     Guilhem IV, comte de Provence was the successor of Guilhem II, comte de Provence; Count of Provence.² Guilhem IV, comte de Provence was born circa 1004. He was the son of Guilhem II, comte de Provence and Gerberge de Bourgogne.¹ Count of Provence at Kingdom of Burgundy before 1019.¹ Guilhem IV, comte de Provence died between 1019 and 1030.¹ He was the predecessor of Geoffroi I, comte de Provence; Count of Provence.²

     Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg was the fourth son of Count Siegfried and Hadwig.¹ Also called Friedrich von Gleiberg.¹ He was the father of Giselbert, Graf von Luxemburg; the second son of Grafen Friedrich I vom Moselgau and Irmtrud von der Wetterau.¹ Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg was the father of Irmengard, Gräfin von Altdorf; the daughter of Grafen Friedrich von Luxemburg and Irmtrud von der Wetterau, daughter of Graf Heribert.³ Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg was the father of Friedrich II, Herzog von Nieder-Lothringen; the son of Grafen Friedrich I von Moselgau and Irmtrud von der Wetterau, daughter of Graf Heribert.¹ Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg was related to Gisela von Lothringen; per ES, a daughter of count Frederick.⁴ Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg was born circa 965.¹ He was the son of Siegfried I, Graf im Moselgau and Gräfin von Luxemburg Hedwig von Lothringen.² Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg married Irmtrud, Erbin von Gleiberg und Gräfin von Luxemburg, daughter of Heribert I, Graf im Kinziggau and Irmintrud des Brunharingen, between 985 and 990.¹ Vogt von Trier, Stablo und Metz at Holy Roman Empire.¹ Graf im Hessen- und Moselgau.¹ Friedrich I, Graf von Luxemburg succeeded his father to the countship of Luxembourg in 998. 2nd Count of Luxembourg at Lower Lorraine, Holy Roman Empire, between 998 and 1019.² He rebelled against his brother-in-law, King Henry II of Germany, between 1008 and 1012.¹ He was imprisoned for his rebellion between 1011 and 1012.¹ He become a supporter of King Henry II, and fought a lot with the Bishops after 1012.¹ He died on 6 October 1019.^2,5

     Also called marchese di Saluzzo Anselmo I di Saluzzo.² Also called Marchese di Savona Anselm I di Savona.³ Anselm I, Markgraf von Savona was born before 960.⁴ He was the son of Aledram I, Graf von Montferrat and Gerberga von Ivrea.^2,1 Anselm I, Markgraf von Savona married Gisela von Ivrea, daughter of Adalbert II, Graf von Aosta, Markgraf von Ivrea, König von Italien and Gerberga von Macon, before 980.⁵ Marquis of Savona at Kingdom of Italy. Anselm I, Markgraf von Savona died circa 1020.^6,7

     Giroie d' Eschauffon was born circa 920?. He was the son of Arnold "le Gros".¹ Giroie d' Eschauffon married Gisela de Montfort-sur-Risle, daughter of N. N. de Montfort-sur-Risle.² Giroie d' Eschauffon died circa 1020.¹

     Graf im Chiemgau Engelbert III von Chiemgau was the father of Graf im Puster-, Nori- und Lavanthtal Engelbert IV von Pustertal; the son of Grafen Engelbert III im Chiemgau and Adela von Bayern, daughter of Pfalzgraf Hartwig I.² Graf im Chiemgau Engelbert III von Chiemgau was born after 965. He was the son of Graf im Chiemgau Sieghard IV von Büren and Gräfin im Chiemgau Willa von Bayern. Graf im Chiemgau Engelbert III von Chiemgau married Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Adela von Bayern, daughter of Pfalzgraf von Bayern Hartwig I von Bayern and Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Wigburg von Bayern; Her 2nd (widow).² Graf im Chiemgau Engelbert III von Chiemgau died in 1020.