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     Vettius Epagathus de Lyons died in 177. He was martyred.¹

     Also called Pharasmanes III of Kartli Greek. Sources: 2. Formhals, R.W. 'The Kingdom of Georgia' Augustan, Vol.XX#4pp.152-161 (chart). P'arsman III, King of K'art'li was the successor of Adami, King of K'art'li; 16th King of Kartli.^1,2 P'arsman III, King of K'art'li was born circa 134.³ He was the son of Adami, King of K'art'li and Zenobia ?. 17th King of Kartli at Transcaucasia between 135 and 185.⁴ Cassius Dio immortalized an episode showing the friendly relations between Rome and Iberia dated to the early years of the reign of Antonius Pius (138-161): "When Pharasmanes the Iberian came to Rome with his wife, Antonius increased his domain, allowed him to offer sacrifice on the capital, set up an equestrian statue in the temple of Bellona and viewed an exercise in arms in which this chieftain, his son, and the other prominent Iberians took place."⁵ P'arsman III, King of K'art'li died in 185.⁶ He was the predecessor of Amazasp II, King of K'art'li; 18th King of Kartli.^1,7

     Amazasp II, King of K'art'li was the successor of P'arsman III, King of K'art'li; 17th King of Kartli.³ Amazasp II, King of K'art'li was born circa 145. He was the son of P'arsman III, King of K'art'li. 18th King of Kartli at Transcaucasia between 185 and 189.^1,4 Amazasp II, King of K'art'li died in 189. Killed in battle against his own rebellious Iberians, despite having the aid of the Iranians. In fact, he was overthrown by his brother-in-law, Rev I, known as "the Just."^1,2 He was the predecessor of Rev I Martali, King of K'art'li; 19th King of Kartli.^1,5 Amazasp II, King of K'art'li was last of the Pharnabazid rulers of Iberia.²

     King of the Britons at Britain. "Modern historians agree in rejecting the legend that a king of Britain named Lucius wrote Eleutherius asking the pope to send missionaries."³ King of the Britons Lleuver Mawr of the Britons was the son and heir of Coillus.⁴ He married Gladys of the Trinovantes, daughter of Eurgen of the Trinovantes.^5,2 Annals of Monte Fernando 156: "Lucius rex Britannie christianus efficitur, sub papa Eleutherio."⁶ King of the Britons Lleuver Mawr of the Britons died in 156 at Gloucester, England. He died in the "in the hundred and fifty-sixth year after our Lord's incarnation." He had no issue to succeed him.⁷ He was baptized in 167; "This year Eleutherius succeeded to the popedom, and held it fifteen years; and in the same year Lucius, king of the Britons, sent and begged baptism of him. And he soon sent it him, and they continued in the true faith until the time of Diocletian."^8,9,10 He was the son of King of the Britons Coel of Britain.¹ King of the Britons Lleuver Mawr of the Britons succeeded his father and became the first Christian King in the world in 170.¹¹ He changed the Archflamines and Flamines to Archbishops and Bishops after 175.¹¹ He procured Eleutherius to send learned men into Britain to instruct people in Christianity after 175.¹¹ He continued his relationship with the Eleutheris before 189. "This year Eleutherius undertook the bishopric of Rome, and held it honourably for fifteen winters. To him Lucius, king of the Britons, sent letters, and prayed that he might be made a Christian. He obtained his request; and they continued afterwards in the right belief until the reign of Diocletian."^12,10 He died after 189. D.s.p.m., returning control to the Romans again.¹¹

     Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was the son of Conn Cétchathach, Ard-rí na h'Éireann.^1,2,3,4 Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was known as Art "the Lonely" because he mourned the death of his brothers. He was Art, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles.² He banished his uncles, following their killing his brothers, first into Leinster and then into Munster, where they lived near Cashel.⁵ Also called Art Eanfhear.⁶ He succeeded his 8th cousin, Conaire MacMogha, and ruled his first year over Ireland in 166.⁷ 112th Monarch of Ireland between 166 and 195.⁷ He celebrated his twenty first year in the sovereignty of Ireland in 186.² He died in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland. "After Art, the son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in battle to Maccon and his foreigners, alongside seven of his nephews. He was slain in this battle by Lioghairne of the Long Cheeks, son of Aenghus Balbh, son of Eochaidh Finn Fuathairt, it was he who laid violent hands upon Art in this battle."^8,5,9,10 He witnessed the death of Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).^9,10 Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Dubhmerchon mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰ Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Mughcorb mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰ Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Lughaidh mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰ Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Diochorb mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰ Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Tadhg mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰ Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Eochaidh mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹⁰

     Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber was the son of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin.^2,1,3 Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber was the eponymous ancestor of the Éoganachta at Munster, Ireland. From Owen Mór descended M'Carthy, O'Sullivan, O'Keeffe, and the rest of the ancient nobility of Desmond (South Munster).⁴ He was the son of Olioll Olum.⁵ Also called Owen Mór.⁵ He associated with Muncha ingen Dil Crecraighe, daughter of Druid Dil Crecraighe, at Carn Fhearadhaig, Northern Deis, Ireland.¹ One night Eoghan went to the house of Dil of the Crecraighe tribe, before going to the battle of Magh Mucruimbe. This Dil had a marriageable beautiful daughter called Muncha. While they were drinking Dil, the Druid, asked Eoghan if he had a family. No, said Eoghan. "Sleep with my daughter tonight," said the druid "and you shall have a wonderful child." To his daughter he said, "Cohabit with Eoghan tonight and there shall be conceived a son and he shall be a king and his family and race shall be a royal one afterwards and Eoghan shall be slain in the forthcoming battle of Magh Muchraime."¹ Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber died in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland. Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).^1,6

     Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber was the son of Mug Néit mac Derg Uí Éber.² Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber was the father of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber; Oilioll Olum, son of Mogh Nuadhat, King of Munster.³ Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber was a wise and politic prince and great warrior.² Also called Eoghan Mor.^4,2 Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber also went by the name of Eugene "the Great".² He was a witness where Conn Cétchathach, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought in battle against Eoghan Mor, also called Mogha Nuadhad, who forced him to divide Ireland with him into two equal parts by the boundry of Esker Riada, a long ridge of hills from Dublin to Galway, and to give the son of Eugene, Ailill Aulomm, his daughter, Sadhba, in marriage, in 122 or 123 at Maynooth, Ireland.^4,2 Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber fought a battle with Conn of the Hundred Battles, Monarch of Ireland, and won, forcing Conn to divide Ireland with him into two equal parts by the boundry of Esker Riada, a long ridge of hills from Dublin to Galway, in 122 or 123 at Maynooth, Ireland.^4,2 He died in 195.¹

     Dubhmerchon mac Ailella Uí Éber was the son of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin.¹ Dubhmerchon mac Ailella Uí Éber died in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland. Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).¹

     Muncha ingen Dil Crecraighe was the daughter of Druid Dil Crecraighe.¹ Muncha ingen Dil Crecraighe associated with Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber, son of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin, at Carn Fhearadhaig, Northern Deis, Ireland.¹ One night Eoghan went to the house of Dil of the Crecraighe tribe, before going to the battle of Magh Mucruimbe. This Dil had a marriageable beautiful daughter called Muncha. While they were drinking Dil, the Druid, asked Eoghan if he had a family. No, said Eoghan. "Sleep with my daughter tonight," said the druid "and you shall have a wonderful child." To his daughter he said, "Cohabit with Eoghan tonight and there shall be conceived a son and he shall be a king and his family and race shall be a royal one afterwards and Eoghan shall be slain in the forthcoming battle of Magh Muchraime."¹ Muncha ingen Dil Crecraighe died in 196. Died on giving birth to her son, Fiachu.¹

     Dietric of the Heruli was born before 162. He was the son of Alaric I of the Heruli and Bella of Cologne. Dietric of the Heruli married Diana of Triers before 201. Dietric of the Heruli died in 201.

     Vologaesus V, King of Parthia was born in 145.² He was the son of Vologaesus IV, King of Parthia.² Vologaesus V, King of Parthia was the successor of Vologaesus IV, King of Parthia; King of Parthia.³ Vologaesus V, King of Parthia married Princess of Iberia, daughter of P'arsman III, King of K'art'li.² King of Parthia at Iran between 191 and 208.^3,2 Vologaesus V, King of Parthia lost most of his domain to the Arcasid king in 207. He died in 208 at age 63 years.² He died between 208 and 209.¹

     Papak of Pars was the frontier governor of Pars, and was one of the commissioners appointed by Artabanus.¹ He was according to one tradition, the son of Sasan, vassal of Gochihr, the chief petty king in Persis, by Gochihr's daughter.² Papak dispatched somebody to call Sasan, his shepherd, to his presence, and questioned him as follows: "From what race and family art thou? Out of thy fore-fathers and ancestors was there anybody who had exercised sovereignty or chieftainship before?" Sasan solicited from Papak his support and protection in these words: "Do me no hurt or harm." Papak accepted the request, and Sasan declared before Papak his own secret as it stood. On hearing his reply Papak was delighted, and so he ordered Sasan thus: "Elevate thy body by taking a bath."¹ He had no son to preserve his name.¹ Also called Babak.² He was born circa 140?. He made himself ruler of a district in Iran as vassal of the Arsacid king of Parthia, Artabanus IV.³ He died in 212.³

     King of Anbar Malik the Azdite was the son of Fahn the Azdite.² King of Anbar Malik the Azdite was an Adzite Arab.³ The Azdites were an extensive tribe descended from Cahlan the brother of Himyar.³ King of Anbar at Anbar (a city not far distant from Hira) between 196 and 215.³ He died in 215. Accidently killed with an arrow to his eye at night by his son who thought he was an enemy. The dying father repeated these touching lines; - "Day after day I instructed him in the art of shooting; And, when his arm became strong, he turmed against me his bow."^4,3 He was the predecessor of King of Anbar and al-Hirah Jodzeima bar Malik the Azdite; King of Anbar.⁵

     Rev I Martali, King of K'art'li was the son of Vologaesus IV, King of Parthia and Princess of Iberia.² Rev I Martali, King of K'art'li was nephew of Amazasp II of Kartli.³ Also called Rev I "the Just" of Kartli.² Also called Vroy I Arshakuni.² He married Sep'elia of Greece, daughter of Loghot'ats'i of Greece.² Rev I Martali, King of K'art'li was the successor of Amazasp II, King of K'art'li; 18th King of Kartli.^2,4 19th King of Kartli at Transcaucasia between 189 and 216.^2,5 Rev I Martali, King of K'art'li died in 216.² He was the predecessor of Vach'e, King of K'art'li; 20th King of Kartli.^2,6

     The DFA of Khosrow I, per Doria, does not exisit through the male line, and the 5 Vologaeses, as Chris Bennet indicates, per an inscription found in Baghdad in 1984, Vologaeses IV was the son of the Mithridates IV. However, Khosrow's mother, a Princess of Iberia and daughter of Pharasmenes III, is a DFA as well. She descends from Vologaesas II.³ Stewart Baldwin discards earlier ancestry for Khosrow I. This ancestry is represented by
1 Pharasmane I of Iberia d. 58;
2 Mithridate I d. 106;
3 Amazasp I d. 116;
4 Pharasmane II the Good d. 132 m. Ghadana of Armenia;
5 Rhadamiste I d. 135;
6 Pharasmane III d. 185;
7 N.N of Iberia m. Vologcse IV of Armenia d. 207, supposed parents of Khosrow I.⁴ Also called Chosroes.¹ Khosrow I, King of Armenia was born in 175.² He was the son of Vologaesus V, King of Parthia and Princess of Iberia.² Khosrow I, King of Armenia succeeded his father, Vologaesus, to the throne of Armenia in 208. King of Armenia between 208 and 216.^1,5 He died in 217 at age 42 years. Assassinated by an agent of the Shah of Parthia.^1,4

     "A new invasion of Mesopotamia took place under Caracalla, the casus belli being the refusal of Artabanus V to give Caracalla his daughter in marriage. The young Roman emperor dreamed of rebuilding Alexander's empire but succeeded only in the pillage of Media and the destruction at Arbela of the hypogea of the Arsacid kings, whose bones he scattered."² "The Parthian reply was harsh. Artabanus V avenged himself by invading the Roman provinces and destroying several cities. Rome sued for peace. Artabanus' conditions were too hard and were refused. Hostilities were taken up again and turned in favour of the Parthians, who obtained such a success that the emperor Macrinus paid 200,000,000 sesterces to make peace."² Artabanus V, King of Parthia was also called Artavan son of Valarsh.³ He was son of the Parthian king Vologeses V, brother of Vologeses VI (reigned 209-c. 212).¹ Also called Artabanus V.⁴ Also called Ardawan.⁴ He was born between 160 and 165.⁵ He was the son of Vologaesus V, King of Parthia.¹ Artabanus V, King of Parthia came to the throne between 212 and 213.⁴ King of Parthia at Iran between 213 and 224.² He was named "King of Kings" on the Inscription of Khwasak in 215 at Susa.⁴ He died in 224 at the Battle of Hormuz. He was killed in battle by Aradashir the Sassanid. This defeat by the Sassanians marks the official end of the Parthian empire.^4,6,3 He was the predecessor of Artavasdes, King of Parthia; King of Parthia.^7,8

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha was the son of MacNiadh mac Lugaid Uí Ítha and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin.^2,3 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha was Lughaidh, i.e. Maccon, son of Maicniadh.^3,2 He demanded of Olioll Olum, his stepfather, when he came of age the benefit of the agreement formerly made between their ancestors, and the sharing of the kingdom of Munster, and for this was banished out of Ireland, and retired to Scotland.⁴ He was given the cognomen Mac Con as he was agreeable to a greyhound that was suckling her whelps in the house of his foster father, and he suckled the teat of the aforesaid greyhound, so that Mac Con, "son of the greyhound" adhered to him as a soubriquet.⁵ He was wounded in the thigh by Cairbre Musc so that he was ever afterwards lame in 186 at the Battle of Ceannfeabhrat, Ireland.⁵ He witnessed the death of Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; "After Art, the son of Conn of the Hundred Battles, had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in battle to Maccon and his foreigners, alongside seven of his nephews. He was slain in this battle by Lioghairne of the Long Cheeks, son of Aenghus Balbh, son of Eochaidh Finn Fuathairt, it was he who laid violent hands upon Art in this battle."^6,7,8,9 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).^8,9 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha returned to Ireland and with the help and assistance of the rest of his sept who joined with him, he made war on his father-in-law, Olioll, and Oilioll's brother-in-law, Art-Ean-Fhear, and defeated him, to take Munster, and the overall Monarchy of Ireland, in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucromha, near Athenry, Ireland.^4,9 He witnessed the death of Dubhmerchon mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Mughcorb mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Lughaidh mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Diochorb mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Tadhg mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha witnessed the death of Eochaidh mac Ailella Uí Éber in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucruimhe, Ireland; Killed in battle, where he had joined his uncle Art, son of Conn (of Tara).⁹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha ruled his first year over Ireland in 196.³ 113th Monarch of Ireland between 196 and 225.³ He was a witness where Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann expelled Lughaidh, i.e. Maccon, son of Macniadh, after he had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, from Teamhair Tara in 225.¹⁰ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha was expelled from Teamhair by Cormac, grandson of Conn, in 225.¹⁰ He died in 225. Killed by the hand of Feircis, son of Coman Eces.^1,10

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergusa Dubdétach Uí Éremóin was the son of Imchatha mac Findchada Uí Éremóin and Máen ingen Conn.^2,3,4 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergusa Dubdétach Uí Éremóin was son of Fionchada per O'Hart.⁵ He was son of Imchadh per the Annals of Munster.² Also called Fergus Dubh-Dheadach.⁵ Also called Fergus "the Black Toothed". Of Dál Fiatach.⁶ 114th Monarch of Ireland between 225 and 226.² He was a witness where Tadg mac Cein Uí Éber in the army of Cormac, grandson of Conn, as he went against Fearghus Duibhdeadach, son of Imchadh in 226.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergusa Dubdétach Uí Éremóin died in 226 at the Battle of Crinna, Ireland. He fell in the battle, by Cormac, grandson of Conn, by the hand of Lughaidh Lagha.^1,2 He was king over Ireland for the space of a year in 226.² He was the predecessor of Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann; 115th Monarch of Ireland.⁷

     Fearghus "the Long Haired" mac Imchada was the son of Imchatha mac Findchada Uí Éremóin and Máen ingen Conn.¹ Fearghus "the Long Haired" mac Imchada died in 226. Killed, with his brother, in the rout across Breagh, following the Battle of Crinna.¹

     Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber was the son of Mug Nuadat mac Moga Néit Uí Éber.^1,2 Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber was given the daughter of Conn of the Hundred Battles as a peace settlement following the battle his father and Conn had fought, which divided Ireland into two.³ He was the ancestor of the prominent southern tribes of the Eoghanchta (from Eoghan Mor II), the Dal gCais (from Cormac Cas), and the Ciannachta (from Cian). He was the first of the Eber line named in the Regal Roll to be king of both Munsters.⁴ He was Oilioll Olum, son of Mogh Nuadhat, King of Munster.² He was related to Éogan Mór mac Ailella Uí Éber; the son of Olioll Olum.⁵ Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber was a witness where Conn Cétchathach, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought in battle against Eoghan Mor, also called Mogha Nuadhad, who forced him to divide Ireland with him into two equal parts by the boundry of Esker Riada, a long ridge of hills from Dublin to Galway, and to give the son of Eugene, Ailill Aulomm, his daughter, Sadhba, in marriage, in 122 or 123 at Maynooth, Ireland.^3,6 Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber married Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin, daughter of Conn Cétchathach, Ard-rí na h'Éireann, circa 123; Her 2nd (widow).⁶ Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber was a witness where Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha returned to Ireland and with the help and assistance of the rest of his sept who joined with him, he made war on his father-in-law, Olioll, and Oilioll's brother-in-law, Art-Ean-Fhear, and defeated him, to take Munster, and the overall Monarchy of Ireland, in 195 at the Battle of Magh Mucromha, near Athenry, Ireland.^4,7 King of Munster at Ireland before 234.^2,4 Rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber died in 234.^8,2

     Teneric the Herul was born before 201. He was the son of Dietric of the Heruli and Diana of Triers. Teneric the Herul married Biogonna the Thuringian before 237. Teneric the Herul died in 237.

     "The son of Sasan, a shepherd employed by Papak, and the daughter of Papak, given to Sasan in marriage, and then adopted by Papak as his successor."² Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran was known as Ardabir, as is written in the History of the Persians.⁵ He put an end to the Anžgalanian (Arsacid) kings.⁵ His approach was seen by two women seated together, who on seeing them exclaimed: "Do not fear, Ardashir the Kai, son of Papak, thou art of the blood of Sasan, and who hast risen from King Darab; it is not possible for any evil person to take possession of thee, as thou art destined to rule over the kingdom of Iran for many years."⁶ He did away with the Arshakunis.⁷ He married Artabanus's daughter.⁸ He was the son of Babak, who was the son or descendant of Sasan and was a vassal of the chief petty king in Persis, Gochihr.⁹ Also called Khusro Sassanid. Also called Artashir of Iran.⁷ Also called K'arse-Sharvan of Iran.⁷ His birth was obscure, and the obscurity equally gave room to the aspersions of his enemies, and the flattery of his adherents. If we credit the scandal of the former, Artaxerxes sprang from the illegitimate commerce of a tanner’s wife with a common soldier. The tanner’s name was Babec; the soldier’s, Sassan: from the former Artaxerxes obtained the surname of Babegan, from the latter all his descendants have been styled Sassanides. The latter represent him as descended from a branch of the ancient kings of Persian, though time and misfortune had gradually reduced his ancestors to the humble station of private citizens. In the plain of Hoormuz, the son of Babek was hailed in the field with the proud title of Shahan Shah, king of kings-a name ever since assumed by the sovereigns of Persia.¹⁰ Also called K'asre Anušarvan Sassanid.⁵ He witnessed the death of Mitrok of Pars; He was killed in battle by Ardashir, son of Papak, who then took possession of his territory, land, wealth, and property.¹¹ Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran was born circa 180. He was the son of Sassan of Pars and Rodak of Pars.^2,3,4 Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran married Ziyanak Aršakuni, daughter of Artabanus V, King of Parthia, before 200.⁴ Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran took over ruling his father's district, killed his brothers, and warred against neighboring vassals after 212.¹² He marched again toward Ardashir-Gadman, undertook the battle with Mitrok, son of Anoshepat, killed Mitrok, and took possession of his territory, land, wealth, and property.¹¹ He defeated the king of Parthia, Artabanus V, in 224 at the Battle of Hormizdagan (site unknown).⁹ He overthrew the Parthian dynasty and founded the four-hundred-year empire of the Sassanids.¹³ He founded the Sassanian dynasty, he was grandson of Sassan, succeeding Artavesdes of Parthia, and reviving Persian culture and Zoroastrianism and making a conscious effort to return to the Achaemenian norms, in 224.^14,12 He witnessed the death of Artabanus V, King of Parthia in 224 at the Battle of Hormuz; He was killed in battle by Aradashir the Sassanid. This defeat by the Sassanians marks the official end of the Parthian empire.^15,8,3 Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran was officially in power between 226 and 227.¹⁵ He was the successor of Artavasdes, King of Parthia; King of Parthia.^16,17 Shahanshan of Iran between 227 and 241.¹⁶ Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran made Zoroastrianism the national religion, built a new capital at Ctesiphon on the Tigris River, and, on the site of the ancient city of Seleucia, built the city of Weh-Ardashir.¹² He died in 241.⁴ He married N. N. (?); Concubine.¹⁸

     Cian mac Ailella Uí Éber was the son of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin.^1,2 From Cian are descended O'Carroll (of Ely-O'Carroll), O'Meagher, O'Hara, O'Gara, etc.³ Cian mac Ailella Uí Éber was the eponymous ancestor of the Ciannacht of Eile (in Tipperary), Breagh (in Meath) and Glinne Gemhin (in Derry).⁴ Of Ciannachta. He was a witness where Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought several battles against Munster this year: the battle of Berre; the battle of Loch Lein; the battle of Luimneach; the battle of Grian; the battle of Classach; the battle of Muiresc; the battle of Fearta, in which fell Eochaidh Taebhfada of the Long Side, son of Oilioll Olum; the battle of Samhain, in which fell Cian, son of Oilioll Olum; and the battle of Ard Cam,
in 241.² Cian mac Ailella Uí Éber died in 241 at the battle of Samhain, Ireland. Killed in battle against Cormac.²

     Eochaidh Taebhfada mac Ailella Uí Éber was the son of rí Mumhan Ailill Aulomm mac Moga Nuadat Uí Éber and Saidbe ingine Cuind Uí Éremóin.¹ Also called Eochaid "of the Long Side". Eochaidh Taebhfada mac Ailella Uí Éber was a witness where Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought several battles against Munster this year: the battle of Berre; the battle of Loch Lein; the battle of Luimneach; the battle of Grian; the battle of Classach; the battle of Muiresc; the battle of Fearta, in which fell Eochaidh Taebhfada of the Long Side, son of Oilioll Olum; the battle of Samhain, in which fell Cian, son of Oilioll Olum; and the battle of Ard Cam,
in 241.¹ Eochaidh Taebhfada mac Ailella Uí Éber died in 241 at the battle of Fearta, Ireland. Killed in battle against Cormac.¹

     The Gemara compiled at Sura---which refers to Abba Arika simply as Rab ["the Master"]--- was eventually expanded to include the rabbinic debates at rival Mesopotamian schools [especially Nehardea & Pum Beditha]. This inclusion of rival viewpoints gives the Babylonian Gemara a distinctive dialectical characteristic.² On Living with God, a familiar (word) in the mouth of Rab (Abba Arika): --"In the world to come there is no eating and drinking, no propagating or multiplying, no bearing or giving / no envy, no hatred and no strife. But the righteous rest, wearing crowns on their heads, and share in the glory of the Presence [Shekinah], of which it is said: -- "And they saw God and ate and drank" (Exod 24:2). --- Babylonian Talmud, Berakoth 17a.³ Rab Abba Arika ben Aivu of Babylon was he was the nephew of cHiyya (bar Abba), another disciple of Judah ha Nasi, head of the school in Tiberias 180-230, and compiler of the Tosefta.⁴ On the Name of the Messiah, Rab (Abba Arika) said: --"The world would not have been created except for David."⁵ On the The Kingdom of Heaven , Rabbi Judah (bar Ezekiel) said in the name of Rab (Abba Arika): -- "If one is saying the Shema when he is walking, he should stop to receive the kingdom of Heaven while standing. And what portion is called "the Kingdom of Heaven"? The LORD our God, the LORD is One!" (Deut 6:4b). --- Midrash, Siphre 'al Debarim 29.⁶ He began Babylonian Gemara.⁴ He was a co-founder of the Babylonian Talmud.¹ He was a Babylonian disciple of Judah the Prince who began to propagate the Mishna and related tannaitic literature as the yardsticks of normative practice.⁷ He was born in 160.⁸ He was the son of Aivu of Babylon. Rab Abba Arika ben Aivu of Babylon was head of the rabbinic Academy between 210 and 250 at Sura, Babylonia.^1,7 He returned to his native Mesopotamia to found a rabbinic Academy in 219 at Sura, Babylonia.² He died in 247 at age 87 years.⁸

     Ostrogotha "the Patient", King of the Ostrogoths defeated the Gepidae, under their King Fastida, and allowed the Goths to dwell in peace and happiness in their own land.⁵ King of the Ostrogoths at Scythia. He persecuted a war with the Roman emperor Philip the Arab. AuÓragudas gathered 30,000 warriors, plundered the Roman province of Lower Moesia, laid siege to its capital Marcianopolis and forced its defenders to redeem themselves with a large sum of money. In this war, Argaitis (Argaits) and Gundarikis (Gunthareiks) were the celebrated AuÓragudas' generals.³
He was the first great king of the Amala people.³ Also called Austraguta "the Patient".³ He was born circa 183. He was the son of Hisarna, the Iron One.^4,2 Ostrogotha "the Patient", King of the Ostrogoths died circa 250.³ Patientia.²

     Trdat II, King of Greater Armenia was born circa 204?. He was the son of Khosrow I, King of Armenia.^1,2 Trdat II, King of Greater Armenia was taken to the emperor's court in Greek territory by his tutor's after the Shah of Iran ordered his father's death and the extermination of this entire family in 217.² King of Greater Armenia between 217 and 238.^3,4,5 He died in 255.¹

     Rí Uladh Áengus Finn mac Feargusa Dubdétaig Dál Fiatach was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergusa Dubdétach Uí Éremóin.^1,2 Rí Uladh Áengus Finn mac Feargusa Dubdétaig Dál Fiatach was a witness where Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought against the Ulstermen, where fell Aenghus Finn, son of Fearghus Duibhdeadach i.e. the Black Toothed, King of Ulster, with the slaughter of the Ulstermen about him, in 262 at the Battle of Crionna Fregabhail, Ireland.¹ King of Uladh at Ulster, Ireland, in 262.^1,3 Rí Uladh Áengus Finn mac Feargusa Dubdétaig Dál Fiatach died in 262 at the Battle of Crionna Fregabhail, Ireland. Killed in battle against Cormac.¹

     Ceallach mac Cormaic Uí Éremóin was the son of Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann and Eithne Thaebfhota ingen Cathaír Már Uí Éremóin.^1,2 Ceallach mac Cormaic Uí Éremóin died in 265. Mortally wounded in battle against the Deisi.²

     Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was the son of Art Óenfher, Ard-rí na h'Éireann.^1,2,3,4 Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was the wisest, most learned and best of any that ruled the Kingdom of the Milesian race before him.⁵ He was Cormac, son of Art, son of Conn of the Hundred Battles.⁶ He married Eithne Thaebfhota ingen Cathaír Már Uí Éremóin, daughter of Cathair Mór mac Feideilmid, Ard-rí na h'Éireann.⁷ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann expelled Lughaidh, i.e. Maccon, son of Macniadh, after he had been thirty years in the sovereignty of Ireland, from Teamhair Tara in 225.⁸ He was a witness where Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lugaid MacCon mac MacNiadh Uí Ítha expelled from Teamhair by Cormac, grandson of Conn, in 225.⁸ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was a witness where Tadg mac Cein Uí Éber in the army of Cormac, grandson of Conn, as he went against Fearghus Duibhdeadach, son of Imchadh in 226.⁹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was a witness where Tadg mac Cein Uí Éber rewarded for his service to Cormac with the land on which are the Ciannachta in 226 at Magh Breagh, Ireland.⁹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergusa Dubdétach Uí Éremóin in 226 at the Battle of Crinna, Ireland; He fell in the battle, by Cormac, grandson of Conn, by the hand of Lughaidh Lagha.^10,9 Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Fearghus "the Long Haired" mac Imchada in 226; Killed, with his brother, in the rout across Breagh, following the Battle of Crinna.⁹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Fearghus Caisfhiaclach mac Imchada in 226; Killed, with his brother, in the rout across Breagh, following the Battle of Crinna.⁹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann entered Munster with a host, demanded tribute from the two provinces, and besieged the Munstermen at Druim Damhaire (Knockloag) after 226. Cormac weilded great power, both by the vastness of his army and the power of his druids. Cormac had British druids weaving their spells against the Munstermen, so that by necromancy they had dried up all the wells and rivers of Munster, so that the people and their lands were in danger of death from the want of water.¹¹ He was a witness where rí Mumhan Fiachu Mullethan mac Éogain Uí Éber did not leave Leath Cuind until he had gotten hostages and homage from Cormac mac Airt after 226.¹¹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was a witness where rí Mumhan Fiachu Mullethan mac Éogain Uí Éber able to defeat Cormac with the help of his own Druid after 226.¹¹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann ruled his first year over Ireland in 227.⁶ 115th Monarch of Ireland between 227 and 266.⁶ He he fought a battle at Eth; the battle of Ceann Daire; the battle of Sruth against the Ulstermen; the battle of Slighe Cuailgne, in 236.¹² He fought against Aedh, son of Eochaidh, son of Conall, King of Connaught, in 236 at Eu, Magh Aei, Ireland.¹³ He fought the Ulstermen this year in 236 at the Battle of Granard, Ireland.¹⁴ He fought this year the battle of Ath Beatha; the battle of Dumha in 237.¹⁵ He fought three battles each at Cuiltochair and Dubhadh in 238.¹⁶ He fought the battle of Allamagh, and the seven battles of Elve in 239.¹⁷ He sailed a fleet across the Magh Rein (i.e. across the sea), this year, so that it was on that occasion he obtained the sovereignty of Alba (Scotland) in 240.¹⁸ He fought in the battle of Magh Techt in 240.¹⁸ He was a witness where rí Laigin Dúnlaing mac Énnai Niad Uí Éremóin responsible for the "Massacre of the Girls," thirty royal girls was the number, and a hundred maids with each of them, in 241 at Cleanfearta, at Teamhair, Ireland.¹⁹ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought several battles against Munster this year: the battle of Berre; the battle of Loch Lein; the battle of Luimneach; the battle of Grian; the battle of Classach; the battle of Muiresc; the battle of Fearta, in which fell Eochaidh Taebhfada of the Long Side, son of Oilioll Olum; the battle of Samhain, in which fell Cian, son of Oilioll Olum; and the battle of Ard Cam,
in 241.²⁰ He put twelve princes of the Leinstermen to death to avenge the massacre of the girls at Cleanfearta, at Teamhair, by Dunlang, son of Enna Niadh, King of Leinster, in 241.¹⁹ He witnessed the death of Cian mac Ailella Uí Éber in 241 at the battle of Samhain, Ireland; Killed in battle against Cormac.²⁰ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann witnessed the death of Eochaidh Taebhfada mac Ailella Uí Éber in 241 at the battle of Fearta, Ireland; Killed in battle against Cormac.²⁰ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann fought a battle in 248 at Fochard Muirtheimhne, Ireland.²¹ He celebrated his twentysecond year of rule in 248.²² He fought against the Ulstermen, where fell Aenghus Finn, son of Fearghus Duibhdeadach i.e. the Black Toothed, King of Ulster, with the slaughter of the Ulstermen about him, in 262 at the Battle of Crionna Fregabhail, Ireland.²³ He witnessed the death of rí Uladh Áengus Finn mac Feargusa Dubdétaig Dál Fiatach in 262 at the Battle of Crionna Fregabhail, Ireland; Killed in battle against Cormac.²³ Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann lost his eye with one thrust of a lance by Aenghus Gaibhuaibhtheach, son of Fiacha Suighdhe, son of Feidhlimidh the Lawgiver in 265.²⁴ He celebrated his thirty-ninth year of rule in 265.²⁵ He died in 266 at Cleiteach, Ireland. Accepting God, he forbade the Druids from worshipping their idols. And following 40 years of rule, these Druids killed him. "Whereupon those priests of druids sought his destruction, which they soon after effected (God permitting it) by their necromantical adjurations and ministry of damned spirits from hell; choking him as he sat at dinner eating salmon, some say by a bone of the fish sticking in his throat."^7,5,2

     King of Anbar and al-Hirah Jodzeima bar Malik the Azdite was related to Raquash bint Jodzeima al-Hirahi; the daughter of Jodzeima who married Adi son of Rabia.¹ King of Anbar and al-Hirah Jodzeima bar Malik the Azdite was the successor of King of Anbar Malik the Azdite; King of Anbar.¹ King of Anbar and al-Hirah Jodzeima bar Malik the Azdite was born circa 206. He was the son of King of Anbar Malik the Azdite.¹ King of Anbar at Mesopotamia (Iraq) between 215 and 268.² King of Anbar and al-Hirah Jodzeima bar Malik the Azdite became a willing vassal of the Persian King Ardashir circa 224.¹ He took possession of Hirah, already having Anbar, when the Codhaite chief with his Bedonin followers spurned the claims of the newly in power Sassanids in Persia upon their allegiance, and departed to Syria circa 224.¹ King of al-Hirah at Mesopotamia (Iraq) between 224 and 268.¹ He fought at a war with the Roman Vassal, Amr son of Tzarib, of the Bani Samayda, king of Syrian Arabia, and at length killed him, between 260 and 268.¹ He died in 268. The widow of Amr son of Tzarib, Zeid, avenged the death of Amr by inviting Jodzeima under pretence of marriage to her capital, where she put him to death.¹ He was the predecessor of King of al-Hirah 'Amr I al-Lakhmi bar Adi al-Hirahi; King of al-Hirah.¹

     Imperator Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius Gothicus was born on 10 May 214 at Dardania, Moesia Superior.² He was the son of N. N. Claudius the Illyrian. Imperator Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius Gothicus was an army officer under the emperor Gallienus (a period of devastation of much of the Roman Empire by invading tribes) between 260 and 268.² He achieved a major victory over invading Goths (hence the name Gothicus) in 268 at the Balkans.² Emperor at Roman Empire between 268 and 270.² He died in 270 at Sirmium, Pannonia Inferior, at age 55 years. While preparing a campaign against the Vandals, Claudius died of the plague and was succeeded by his cavalry commander, Aurelian.² He was the predecessor of imperator Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus; Emperor.³

     Imperator Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus was born circa 215. He was the son of N. N. Claudius the Illyrian. Imperator Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus was the successor of imperator Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius Gothicus; Emperor.¹ Emperor at Roman Empire in 270.² Imperator Marcus Aurelius Claudius Quintillus died in 270.²

     Also called Sabur Arabic.⁴ Also called Sapor Latin.⁴ Šahpur I, Shah of Iran married Gurdzag of Pars, daughter of Mitrok of Pars.⁵ Šahpur I, Shah of Iran was born circa 200. He was the son of Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran and Ziyanak Aršakuni.^2,3,4,1 Šahpur I, Shah of Iran was officially reigned his first year between 214 and 242.⁶ He consolidated and expanded the empire founded by his father, Ardashir I.⁴ He invaded Syria before 222.⁵ He was the successor of Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran; Shahanshan of Iran.⁷ Shah of Iran between 241 and 272. Šahpur I, Shah of Iran continued his father's wars with Rome, conquering Nisibis (modern Nusaybin, Tur.) and Carrhae (Harran, Tur.) and advancing deep into Syria before 242.⁴ He was defeated at Resaina (now in Turkey) in 243.⁴ He was able, albeit his earlier defeat, to conclude a favourable peace in 244.⁴ He styled himself "king of kings of Iran and non-Iran"--that is, of non-Persian territories as well. He took advantage of the internal chaos within the Roman Empire and invaded Syria, Anatolia, and Armenia in 256.⁴ He sacked Antioch but was repulsed by the emperor Valerian in 256.⁴ He forced captives taken at Antioch to build the city of Gondeshapur, later famous as a centre of learning.⁴ He placed Amazaspus III on the throne of Kartli-Iberia as a vassal, possibly as a rival or anti-king of Mihrdat II in 260.⁸ He defeated Valerian at Edessa (modern Urfa, Turkey), and captured him and kept him a prisoner for the rest of his life, in 260.⁴ He was the predecessor of Hormazd Ardašir, Shah of Iran; Shah of Iran.¹ Šahpur I, Shah of Iran died in 272.^5,4

     Hormazd Ardašir, Shah of Iran was the son of Šahpur I, Shah of Iran and Gurdzag of Pars.^2,1 Hormazd Ardašir, Shah of Iran was son of Shapur and the daughter of Mitrok, son of Anoshepat of Pars.^2,3 Also called Hormazd I, Shah of Iran.² He was the successor of Šahpur I, Shah of Iran; Shah of Iran. Shah of Iran between 270 and 271.¹ Hormazd Ardašir, Shah of Iran died in 272. He was killed in battle by the Roman Emperor Aurelian.³

     Áengus Gáebuaibthich mac Éogain Bricc Uí Éremóin was the son of Éogan Bricc mac Fiachach Uí Éremóin.¹ Áengus Gáebuaibthich mac Éogain Bricc Uí Éremóin destroyed the eye of Cormac, son of Art, with a lance during battle in 265.² He was a witness where Fiachu Sraibtine, Ard-rí na h'Éireann and Eochu Doimlén killed Aenghus Gaibuaibhtheach in 276.³ Áengus Gáebuaibthich mac Éogain Bricc Uí Éremóin died in 276. Killed by the sons of Cairbre Liffechair, namely, Fiacha Sraibhtine and Eochaidh Doimhlen.³

     Cairpre Lifechar, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was the son of Cormac mac Airt, Ard-rí na h'Éireann and Eithne Thaebfhota ingen Cathaír Már Uí Éremóin.^1,2,3 Cairpre Lifechar, Ard-rí na h'Éireann was named "the Liffey" because he was nursed on the banks of the river Liffey (which was named after Eermon's horse).⁴ He was Cairbre Liffeachair, son of Cormac, son of Art.¹ Also called Cairbre Liffechar.⁵ He married Aine ingen Finn Uí Éremóin, daughter of Finn mac Cumail Uí Éremóin.⁶ Cairpre Lifechar, Ard-rí na h'Éireann ruled his first year over Ireland in 268.¹ 117th Monarch of Ireland between 268 and 284.¹ He fought three battles against the men of Munster, in defence of the rights of Leinster, in 271.⁷ He celebrated his fourth year of rule in 271.⁸ He fought four battles against the men of Munster, in defence of the rights of Leinster, in 272.⁹ He celebrated his ninth year of rule in 276.¹⁰ He celebrated his sixteenth year of rule in 283.¹¹ He died in 284 at the Battle of Gabhra Aichle, Ireland. After Cairbre Liffeachair had been seventeen years in the sovereignty of Ireland, he fell in the battle, by the hand of Semeon, son of Cearb, one of the Fotharta.^12,13,14

     King of Munster at Ireland. Rí Mumhan Mug Corb mac Cormaic Dál gCais was born in 167.¹ He was the son of rí Mumhan Cormac Cas mac Ailella Uí Éber and Samer ingen Finn Uí Éremóin.^2,3 As of before 284, also called King Mug Corb of Munster.¹ Rí Mumhan Mug Corb mac Cormaic Dál gCais died in 284 at age 117 years.¹

     Khosrow II "the Valiant", King of West Armenia was born circa 236.¹ He was the son of Trdat II, King of Greater Armenia.² King of Western Armenia between 280 and 287. Khosrow II "the Valiant", King of West Armenia died in 287. He was murdered by his brothers.^1,2,3 He was the predecessor of Trdat III "the Regicide", King of West Armenia; King of West Armenia.³

     Some consider this prince of the tribe of Bructeri, while others believe him to be from one of the Salian tribes.¹ Roi des Francs Genebaud I des Francs Ripuaires was born circa 245. King of the Franks circa 287.¹ He submitted to Maximianus in 287.² He was mentioned between 287 and 288.¹ He died circa 289.

     Alberic I of the Heruli was born before 237. He was the son of Teneric the Herul and Biogonna the Thuringian. Alberic I of the Heruli died in 292.

     Abeshura, Princess of K'art'li was the daughter of Asp'agur I, King of K'art'li.² Abeshura, Princess of K'art'li was daughter of Asp'agur, the King of K'art'li, with family ties with the K'art'losids and Nebrot'ids, and with the Arsacid magnates and the P'arnavazians kings.³ She married Mirian III, King of K'art'li, son of Ardašir I, Shahanshan of Iran and N. N. (?), in 284; His 1st.³ Abeshura, Princess of K'art'li died in 294. She died ten years after her marriage to Mirian, and with her death came to an end in K'art'li the rule of the kings and queens descended from P'arnavaz.⁴

     Narseh I, Shah of Iran was the son of Šahpur I, Shah of Iran and Gurdzag of Pars.^1,2 Narseh I, Shah of Iran was the "noble Mazda-worshipping Narseh, King of Sind, Sakastan, and Turan to the edge of the sea".¹ He was son of Shapur I.³ Also called Narseh of Iran.³ Also called Narseh, Sakan Šah.¹ Armenshah before 280.⁴ He was already king of Eastern Armenia, the Armenshah, when peace was concluded by him with the Romans under Probus in 280.⁴ Shah of Iran at southwestern Asia between 292 and 301.¹ He succeeded his nephew, Varhran III, to the throne of Iran in 293.³ He made war on Rome in 293.⁵ He was badly defeated in Armenia in 293. He was severely defeated by the Caesar Galerius in 297 at Armenia.⁶ He concluded a peace with Rome, ceding much of Armenia, in 298 at Nisibis.⁶ He died in 303.⁵ He was the predecessor of Hormazd II, Shah of Iran; Shah of Iran.³

     Merogais des Francs Ripuaires invaded Gallia.² He was born circa 270. He was the son of roi des Francs Genebaud I des Francs Ripuaires.¹ Merogais des Francs Ripuaires died in 306. He was thrown to the lions.² King of the Franks.

      Also called Emperor Constantius I Chlorus of the Roman West.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus also went by the name of Constantius "the Pale".³ He was born on 31 March 250 at Illyricum, Balkan Peninsula.^2,4 He was the son of Eutropious of the Gordiani and Claudia. Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus married Helena Augusta Flavia Iulia Helene of Bithynia circa 270; His 1st.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus was the successor of Maximianus; Emperor.⁵ Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus was made Praetorian Prefect of the western emperor Maximianus Herculius in 288. He was appointed Caesar of the Emperor Maximianus Herculius, Caesar in the west, with the right of succession on 1 March 293.^2,6 He put aside his wife Helene in order to strengthen the dynastic relationship between himself and Herculius when Maximianus Herculius appointed him as his Caesar
on 1 March 293.² He and Helena Augusta Flavia Iulia Helene of Bithynia were divorced on 1 March 293.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus married nobilissima femina Theodora Aurelius Valerius, daughter of Maximianus and Eutropia the Syrian, after 1 March 293; His 2nd.⁷ Caesar of the West between 1 March 293 and 1 May 305.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus succeeded to the rank of Augustus in the west, along with Galerius, who took control of the east on 1 May 305.² He was a witness where Imperator Caesar Galerius Valerius Maximianus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus appointed as Augustus, with Constantius, to rule over the Eastern Portion, but with both Caesars in his control, he had primacy on 1 May 305.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus was co-ruler with Imperator Severus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus; Caesar.⁸ Emperor at Western Roman Empire between 1 May 305 and 25 July 306.² Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus died on 25 July 306 at Eboracum (now York), Britain (now England), at age 56 years, 3 months and 25 days. "Almost as soon as he was appointed Augustus, he crossed to Britain to face incursions by the Picts where he died at York on 25 July 306 with his son at his side."^2,3 He was the successor of Imperator Severus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus; Emperor.⁸

     Imperator Severus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus was born circa 270 at Illyricum. He was of humble origin.² He was a witness where Imperator Caesar Galerius Valerius Maximianus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus appointed Severus as Caesar in the West, and Maximinus Daia as Caesar in the East on 1 May 305.² Imperator Severus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus appointed caesar (junior emperor) to the emperor Constantius I Chlorus and given control of Pannonia, Italy, and Africa on 1 May 305 at Roman Empire.^2,3 Caesar at Western Roman Empire between 1 May 305 and 306.³ He was the successor of Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus; Emperor.² Imperator Severus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus was made augustus of the West by the remaining emperor, Galerius, who controlled the East on 26 July 306 at Western Roman Empire.³ Emperor at Western Roman Empire between 26 July 306 and 307.³ He died in 307 at Tres Tabernae (now Saverne), Germanica Superior, (France). He surrendered to Maximian on condition that his life be spared, but shortly afterward he was executed.³

     Clarissimus puer.¹ Nobilissimus vir. Consul Valerius Romulus was born circa 294.¹ He was the son of usurper Augustus Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius and nobilissima femina Valeria Maximilla.¹ Consul Valerius Romulus was Consul with his father in 308.¹ He was Consul with his father in 309.¹ He died in 309.¹ He probably died in 309 because he does not appear with his father as consul in 310.¹

     Hormazd II, Shah of Iran was the son of Narseh I, Shah of Iran.² Hormazd II, Shah of Iran was son of Narseh.¹ He was the successor of Narseh I, Shah of Iran; Shah of Iran.³ Hormazd II, Shah of Iran married Princess of Kabul, daughter of King of Kabul.⁴ Shah of Iran between 303 and 309.¹ Hormazd II, Shah of Iran died in 309.⁴ He was the predecessor of Šahpur II, Shah of Iran; Shahanshah of Iran.^5,1

     Frode III "the Pacific" Dansson, King of the Danes also went by the name of Frode "the Peace-Loving".¹ King of Denmark. Also called Frode Mikellati of Denmark.¹ He and Frode III "the Pacific" Dansson, King of the Danes were the same person? different sagas and so different lineages?. He died in 310.² He was born circa 433.^3,4 He was the son of Dan Mikilláta Óláfsson, King of the Danes.¹

     Maximianus was born on 21 July 250 at Sirmium, Pannonia Inferior.^1,2,3 He married Eutropia the Syrian before 274; Her 2nd.^1,4 Maximianus was co-ruler with Diocles; Emperor.⁵ Caesar in 285.⁶ As of 1 April 286, also called Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelus Valerius Maximianus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus.⁶ Emperor at Western Roman Empire between 1 April 286 and May 305.² Maximianus urged by the emperor Diocletian, who appointed him, to divest himself of the purple on 1 March 305 at Mediolanum, Roman Empire.¹ He was a witness where Diocles divested himself, and urged his co-emperor Maximianus to do the same, of the purple on 1 March 305 at Nicomedeia, Bithynia, Roman Empire.¹ Maximianus was the predecessor of Imperator Caesar Gaïus Flavius Valerius Constantius Augustus; Emperor.¹ Maximianus was the successor of Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantinus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus; Emperor. Emperor, restored at Western Roman Empire between 307 and 310. Maximianus died in July 310 at Marseilles at age 59 years and 11 months. He was murdered (or committed suicide).^1,2,6