Person Page - 271

     Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt died 0359 B.C.. "Artaxerxes at that time had but a little hold on life, by reason of his extreme age, and so, when he heard of the fate of Arsames, he could not sustain it at all, but sinking at once under the weight of his grief and distress, expired, after a life of ninety-four years, and a reign of sixty-two."² He was a witness where Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios led the unsuccessful revolt of the satraps of western Anatolia against the Persian king, his own 5th cousin, Artaxerxes II 0366 B.C., circa.³ Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt put down a revolt by the satraps of western Anatolia 0366 B.C., circa.³ He was responsible for changes in Persia's religion, due to his failures, and saw the restoration of the worship of the earlier gods 0374 B.C..¹ He conducted a second campaign against Egypt, which also failed, 0375-0374 B.C..¹ He conducted a failed expedition against Egypt 0385-0383 B.C..¹ He asked to mediate between Sparta and Athens, the greek city-states fighting the Great Peloponnesian War, leading to the King's Peace 0387 B.C..⁴ He witnessed the death of Darius Achaemenid 0390 B.C. At circa; Executed, with all his children, on the orders of his father for conspiring to kill him.² Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt was a witness where Darius Achaemenid convinced by Teribazus, whom his father had offended deeply, to slay his father and take the throne, but the attempt failed 0390 B.C. At circa.² Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt was a witness where Darius Achaemenid proclaimed successor by his father at age twenty-five, and for this requested the hand of Aspasia, his father's concubine, which offended his father, but he would allow it if she so desired it, 0392 B.C.² Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt executed his wifes servant, Gigas, who conspired with his mother to poison his wife, Statira, by having her head crushed between two large stones, the punishment for poisoners, and his mother he exiled, not against her will, to Babylon 0402 B.C..² He faced a revolt by his brother, Cyrus, who gathered an army of Greek mercenaries and moved to attack him in Anatolia 0403 B.C..^1,5 He was a witness where Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia refused the succession of his brother to their father's throne, first trying to assassinate him, then gathering an army of Greek mercenaries, and marching into Anatolia 0404 B.C.^5,2 Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt witnessed the death of Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia 0403 B.C. At the Battle of Kounaxa, "about five hundred furlongs distant from" Babylon; Defeated and killed in battle by his brother, Artaxerxes II.^1,5,6,2 Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt almost assassinated by his brother, Cyrus, at his coronation, and as he was about to execute Cyrus, their mother interceded on Cyrus' behalf (Cyrus was her favourite son), she putting her neck alongside Cyrus', Artaxerxes relented and freed him, 0404 B.C..² King of Persia 0404-0359 B.C..^5,6 He saw Amyrtaeus, Prince of Sais, declare himself King of Egypt ending complete Persian control 0405 B.C..⁷ King of Egypt 0405-0359 B.C..⁸ "She [Parysatis] perceived he was desperately in love with Atossa, one of his own two daughters, and that he concealed and checked his passion chiefly for fear of herself, though, if we may believe some writers, he had privately given way to it with the young girl already. As soon as Parysatis suspected it, she displayed a greater fondness for the young girl than before, and extolled both her virtue and beauty to him, as being truly imperial and majestic. In fine she persuaded him to marry her and declare her to be his lawful wife, overriding all the principles and the laws by which the Greeks hold themselves bound, and regarding himself as divinely appointed for a law to the Persians, and the supreme arbitrator of good and evil." He married Statira of Armenia, daughter of Hydarnes III, Satrap of Armenia and N. N. (?), 0420 B.C; His 1st.^9,10 Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt was proclaimed successor (for Plutarch gives him a reign of sixty-two years) 0421 B.C..² He was born 0453 B.C.. The 1st son.¹¹ He was the son of Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt and Parysatis (?).² Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt was the grandfather of Artabazos III, Satrap of Daskyleon; the father-in-law of Ptolemy I, and a maternal grandson of Artaxerxes II.¹² Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt was the grandson of Artaxerxes the Longhanded, and the eldest son of his daughter Parysatis, and her half-brother Darius.⁹ Also called Artakhšaça II Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian.⁶ Also called Arsicas His 1st name.^2,9 Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt also went by the name of Artaxerxes II "the Mindful".^2,9 Also called Artakhshassa II. Also called King Artaxerxes II of Egypt. He was at first called Arsicas, and when he was proclaimed king, his name changed to Artaxerxes, in honor of his grandfather.² He was gentler in everything, and of a nature more yielding and soft in its action.^2,9 Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. He was grandson of Artaxerxes I, by his daughter Parysatis and her husband, Darius.²

     Ariaspes Achaemenid died 0359 B.C.. "[Ochus] suborned the king's eunuchs and favourites to convey to [Ariaspes] menacing and harsh expressions from his father, as though he had decreed to put him to a cruel and ignominious death. When they daily communicated these things as secrets, and told him at one time that the king would do so to him ere long, and at another, that the blow was actually close impending, they so alarmed the young man, struck such a terror into him, and cast such a confusion and anxiety upon his thoughts, that, having prepared some poisonous drugs, he drank them, that he might be delivered from his life.¹ He was born 0416 B.C. At circa. The elder brother of Ochus. He was the son of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt and Statira of Armenia.¹ Ariaspes Achaemenid was proclaimed as their prince by the wishes of the Persians, not because he was the elder brother (following the death of the oldest brother, Darius), but because he excelled Ochus in gentleness, plain dealing, and good-nature.¹

     Arsames Achaemenid died 0359 B.C.. Killed by his half-brother, Ochus, who thought him a threat.¹ He was the son of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt.¹ Arsames Achaemenid was born 0414 B.C. At circa. Natural son.¹ He appeared, by his wisdom, fitted for the throne, and was dear to his father.¹

     Neoptolemus I, King of Epirus was the son of Alcetas I, King of Epirus.³ Neoptolemus I, King of Epirus died 0360 B.C. At circa. He was the predecessor of Arrybas, King of Epirus; King of Epirus.³ King of Epirus at the Balkan Peninsula 0370-0360 B.C..² Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, pp.215.

     Perdiccas III, King of Macedonia died 0360 B.C. At Macedonia, the Balkan Peninsula. He was killed in a catastrophic battle against Bardylis and his Dardanian Illyrian tribesmen in North-western Macedonia, with no fewer than four thousand Macedonians, and their king, dead.^2,3 King of Macedonia 0368-0360 B.C..^4,5 He was the son of Amyntas III, King of Macedonia and Eurydice Sirra of the Lyncestians.¹ Perdiccas III, King of Macedonia was born 0383 B.C. At circa. He was "barely more than 25" at his death in 360 B.C..³

     Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios died 0362 B.C..⁴ He was the predecessor of Ariobarzanes II, Satrap of Chios; Satrap of Chios.² Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios led the unsuccessful revolt of the satraps of western Anatolia against the Persian king, his own 5th cousin, Artaxerxes II 0366 B.C., circa.⁵ He was a witness where Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt put down a revolt by the satraps of western Anatolia 0366 B.C., circa.⁵ Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios cultivated the friendship of Athens and Sparta.⁵ He was the Persian satrap (provincial governor) of Phrygia 0387 B.C., circa.⁵ Satrap of Phrygia and Chios at Persian Empire 0390-0362 B.C..² He was the son of Mithradates I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios.^3,2 Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios was born 0415 B.C..⁴ He was the son of Mithradates I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios.² He was the son of a nobleman.⁵

     Amyntas III, King of Macedonia was the son of Arrhidaeus Argaead and Cleopatra ?. Amyntas III, King of Macedonia died 0370 B.C.. King of Macedonia 0394/3-0370 B.C..¹ He was the father of Philip II, King of Macedonia; the son of Amyntas III and Eurydice Sirra.² Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, pp.16. ; 2. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732. Amyntas III, King of Macedonia married Eurydice Sirra of the Lyncestians, daughter of Sirra of the Lyncestians and _____ of the Lyncestians.³

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergus Fortamail mac Bresail Bregomuin Uí Éremóin was the son of Bresal Bregamos mac Óengusa Ollaim Amlongaid Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fergus Fortamail mac Bresail Bregomuin Uí Éremóin died 0384 B.C..² 80th Monarch of Ireland 0397-0384 B.C.. Also called mac Bresail Bregomuin.¹

     Mithradates I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios died 0387-0367 B.C..¹ Satrap of Phrygia and Chios at Persian Empire 0390 B.C., circa.² He was the predecessor of Ariobarzanes I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios; Satrap of Phrygia and Chios.² Mithradates I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios was born 0440 B.C..¹ He was the son of Pharnaces I, Satrap of Daskyleon.^3,2 Mithradates I, Satrap of Phrygia and Chios was possibly the son of Pharnaces I, Satrap of Daskyleon.²

     Darius Achaemenid was convinced by Teribazus, whom his father had offended deeply, to slay his father and take the throne, but the attempt failed 0390 B.C. At circa.¹ He died 0390 B.C. At circa. Executed, with all his children, on the orders of his father for conspiring to kill him.¹ He was proclaimed successor by his father at age twenty-five, and for this requested the hand of Aspasia, his father's concubine, which offended his father, but he would allow it if she so desired it, 0392 B.C..¹ He was the son of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt and Statira of Armenia. Darius Achaemenid was born 0417 B.C. At circa. The eldest son.

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Eochaid Altlethan mac Ailella Casfiaclaich Uí Éremóin was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Ailill Casfiaclach mac Condlaíd Uí Éremóin.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Eochaid Altlethan mac Ailella Casfiaclaich Uí Éremóin died 0395 B.C.. Slain in battle by his successor, Fergus Fortamail.^1,3 79th Monarch of Ireland 0412-0397 B.C.. He slew Adhamhar in battle and became the 79th Monarch of Ireland.³

     King of Macedonia Archelaus I Argaead was the son of King of Macedonia Perdiccas II Argaead and Simiche (?).¹ King of Macedonia Archelaus I Argaead died 0399 B.C.. He was assassinated by one of his favourites while hunting.^3,4 He remained more faithful than his father had been to the alliance with Athens.⁵ He was seems to have been a good king and his court in Pella was brilliant and he attracted there such famous figures as Euripides (who spent there the last years of his life and died there in 406) and Agathon.⁵ He seized the throne after murdering his uncle, his cousin, and his half brother, the legitimate heir 0413 B.C..^3,5 King of Macedonia at Balkan Peninsula 0413-0399 B.C..^1,3 He helped establish a pro-Macedonian oligarchy at Larissa 0420 B.C. At Thessaly, northern Greece.² He was the son of King Perdiccas II and a slavewoman, and not supposed to inherit the kingship.^3,5 He married wife A (?).¹

     Bertha von Schwaben was born circa 1123.² She was the daughter of Friedrich II "der Einäugige", Herzog von Schwaben and Judith von Braunschweig.^1,2 Bertha von Schwaben married Matthäus I, Herzog von Ober-Lothringen, son of Simon I, Herzog von Ober-Lothringen and Adelheid von Löwen, after 1139.^3,1,2 Bertha von Schwaben died 04 Apr, circa 1194.^1,2

     Statira of Armenia died 0402 B.C. At circa. "Now there is a small Persian bird, in the inside of which no excrement is found, only a mass of fat, so that they suppose the little creatures lives upon air and dew. It is called rhyntaces. Ctesias affirms, that Parysatis, cutting a bird of this kind into two pieces with a knife one side of which had been smeared with the drug, the other side being clear of it, ate the untouched and wholesome part herself, and gave Statira that which was thus infected; ... Statira; who, dying with dreadful agonies and convulsions, was herself sensible of what had happened to her, and aroused in the king's mind suspicion of his mother, whose savage and implacable temper he knew."⁴ She married Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt, son of Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt and Parysatis (?), 0420 B.C; His 1st.^2,3 Statira of Armenia was born 0440 B.C., say. She was the daughter of Hydarnes III, Satrap of Armenia and N. N. (?).^3,4 Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 412. ; 2. Toumanoff, C. 'The Orontids of Armenia' in 'Studies in Christian Caucasian History' (1963) pp.288-289.

     Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia was a witness where Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt faced a revolt by his brother, Cyrus, who gathered an army of Greek mercenaries and moved to attack him in Anatolia 0403 B.C.^1,4 Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia refused the succession of his brother to their father's throne, first trying to assassinate him, then gathering an army of Greek mercenaries, and marching into Anatolia 0404 B.C..^4,3 He died 0403 B.C. At the Battle of Kounaxa, "about five hundred furlongs distant from" Babylon. Defeated and killed in battle by his brother, Artaxerxes II.^1,4,5,3 He was a witness where Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt almost assassinated by his brother, Cyrus, at his coronation, and as he was about to execute Cyrus, their mother interceded on Cyrus' behalf (Cyrus was her favourite son), she putting her neck alongside Cyrus', Artaxerxes relented and freed him, 0404 B.C.³ Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia was named Satrap of the Ionian provinces by his father in replacement of Tissaphernes, whose policy of frequent change of alliances between Sparta and Athens in the ongoing Peloponesian War was not to his taste 0404 B.C..² Satrap of Lydia at Persian Empire 0408-0403 B.C..^5,3 He was born 0424 B.C. At Susa. The 2nd son.⁵ He was the son of Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt and Parysatis (?).^1,3 Cyrus "the Younger", Satrap of Lydia took the name of the ancient Cyrus, as he, they say, had his from the sun, which, in the Persian language, is called Cyrus.³ He was from his earliest youth, something of a headstrong and vehement character.³

     Menon III of Pharsalus was the son of Alexidemus of Pharsalus.² Menon III of Pharsalus died 0403 B.C. ?. He was put to death by order of King Artaxerxes II after living a year in pain and disgrace. He died the death of a felon.³ He was sent on the expedition of Greek mercenaries to aid Cyrus the Younger against his brother King Artaxerxes II by his lover, Aristippus, Cyrus' friend.⁴ He was called the son of Alexidemus by Socrates.⁵ He was a wealthy young nobleman and a pupil of Socrates at Athens.¹ He led a Thessalian force in the 10,000 Greeks who fought for Cyrus the Younger against his brother King Artaxerxes II.¹ As to Menon the Thessalian, the mainspring of his action was obvious; what he sought after insatiably was wealth. Rule he sought after only as a stepping-stone to larger spoils. Honours and high estate he craved for simply that he might extend the area of his gains; and if he studied to be on friendly terms with the powerful, it was in order that he might commit wrong with impunity. The shortest road to the achievement of his desires lay, he thought, through false swearing, lying, and cheating; for in his vocabulary simplicity and truth were synonyms of folly. Natural affection he clearly entertained for nobody. If he called a man his friend it might be looked upon as certain that he was bent on ensnaring him. Laughter at an enemy he considered out of place, but his whole conversation turned upon the ridicule of his associates. In like manner, the possessions of his foes were secure from his designs, since it was no easy task, he thought, to steal from people on their guard; but it was his particular good fortune to have discovered how easy it is to rob a friend in the midst of his security. If it were a perjured person or a wrongdoer, he dreaded him as well armed and intrenched; but the honourable and the truth-loving he tried to practise on, regarding them as weaklings devoid of manhood. And as other men pride themselves on piety and truth and righteousness, so Menon prided himself on a capacity for fraud, on the fabrication of lies, on the mockery and scorn of friends. The man who was not a rogue he ever looked upon as only half educated. Did he aspire to the first place in another man's friendship, he set about his object by slandering those who stood nearest to him in affection. He contrived to secure the obedience of his solders by making himself an accomplice in their misdeeds, and the fluency with which he vaunted his own capacity and readiness for enormous guilt was a sufficient title to be honoured and courted by them. Or if any one stood aloof from him, he set it down as a meritorious act of kindness on his part that during their intercourse he had not robbed him of existence.

As to certain obscure charges brought against his character, these may certainly be fabrications. I confine myself to the following facts, which are known to all. He was in the bloom of youth when he procured from Aristippus the command of his mercenaries; he had not yet lost that bloom when he became exceedingly intimate with Ariaeus, a barbarian, whose liking for fair young men was the explanation; and before he had grown a beard himself, he had contracted a similar relationship with a bearded favourite named Tharypas. When his fellow-generals were put to death on the plea that they had marched with Cyrus against the king, he alone, although he had shared their conduct, was exempted from their fate. But after their deaths the vengeance of the king fell upon him, and he was put to death, not like Clearchus and the others by what would appear to be the speediest of deaths--decapitation--but, as report says, he lived for a year in pain and disgrace and died the death of a felon.³

     Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt saw Egypt break away from the Kingdom 0404 B.C.. He died 0404 B.C. At Springtime.¹ He was a witness where Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt proclaimed successor (for Plutarch gives him a reign of sixty-two years) 0421 B.C.³ Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt reached the throne of Persia, and took the name of Darius, 0423 B.C..⁴ King of Persia 0423-0404 B.C..⁵ King of Egypt 0423-0405 B.C..⁶ He was a weak ruler, dominated by his wife.¹ He did some work on the temple of Amun is the Kharga oasis 0424 B.C. At Egypt.⁷ He was the 5th ruler of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt 0424 B.C..⁷ Satrap of Hyrcania at southern shore of the Caspian Sea 0425 B.C..² He married Parysatis (?), daughter of Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt, 0454 B.C; Half-siblings.^1,3 Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt was born 0475 B.C..¹ He was the son of Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt and Cosmartidene , a concubine of Artaxerxes I.² Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt was the father of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt; the grandson of Artaxerxes the Longhanded, and the eldest son of his daughter Parysatis, and her half-brother Darius.⁸ Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt was son of Artaxerxes (who had 18 sons in all) and a Babylonian concubine.⁴ Also called Dârayavauš II Hakhâmanišiya.² Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Gershevitch, I. (ed.) 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vo. 2, pp.342. Also called Ochus.^2,4 Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt also went by the name of Darius II "the Bastard".

     Thucydides of Athens died 0404 B.C..¹ He was born 0460 B.C..² He was of the township of Halimus.³ His father's name was Olorus, which is not known as an Athenian name; Olorus was probably of Thracian descent on his mother's side. Thucydides was related in some way to the great Athenian statesman and general Miltiades, who had married the daughter of a Thracian prince of this name.⁴ He was the greatest of ancient Greek historians and author of the History of the Peloponnesian War, which recounts the struggle between Athens and Sparta in the 5th century BC.⁵

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Amadair Flidais Foltchaín mac Fer Uí Éber was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fer Corb mac Moga Uí Éber.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Amadair Flidais Foltchaín mac Fer Uí Éber died 0412 B.C..³ 78th Monarch of Ireland 0417-0412 B.C.. Also called Adhamhra Foltcain.³

     King of Macedonia Perdiccas II Argaead was the son of Alexander I Philhellene, King of Macedonia.¹ King of Macedonia Perdiccas II Argaead died 0413 B.C..^1,2 He seemed to be again fighting on the side of the Athenians 0414 B.C..² He sided with Argos, from which he traced his origins, after Argos signed a peace treaty with Sparta after the battle of Mantinea 0418 B.C. At the Peloponnese.² He switched sides to Athens after being disappointed by the insufficient help he received from Brasidas in his own enterprises 0423 B.C..² He sided with the Spartans, hoping for help against his own Thracian enemies, when they sent into Thracia, under the orders of Brasidas, the expedition which led to the take over of Amphipolis 0424 B.C..² He was instrumental in stirring rebellion against Athens in Potidæa and war between Athens and Sparta 0433 B.C..² King of Macedonia at Balkan Peninsula 0452-0413 B.C..¹ He married Simiche (?); Primary.³ King of Macedonia Perdiccas II Argaead was the father of King of Macedonia Archelaus I Argaead; the son of King Perdiccas II and a slavewoman, and not supposed to inherit the kingship.^4,2 King of Macedonia Perdiccas II Argaead switched sides several times between Athens and Sparta, especially owing to the position taken by Athens in favor of a rival of Perdiccas in power struggles and to its policy of settlements in Thrace (the founding of Amphipolis in 436) that was seen as a menace for Macedon by the king.²

     Pharnabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon died 0414 B.C..¹ He was the predecessor of Pharnaces I, Satrap of Daskyleon; Satrap of Daskyleon.² Satrap of Daskyleon at Anatolia, Persian Empire, 0430 B.C., and earlier.² Pharnabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon was the successor of Artabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon; Satrap of Daskyleon.² Pharnabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon was born 0480 B.C..¹ He was the son of Artabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon.^3,2

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Ailill Casfiaclach mac Condlaíd Uí Éremóin was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Condla Cáem mac h-Eirora Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Ailill Casfiaclach mac Condlaíd Uí Éremóin died 0417 B.C.. Slain in battle by his successor, Adhamhar.² 77th Monarch of Ireland 0442-0417 B.C.. Also called Olioll Casfiachlach.

     Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt was buried in Naqsh-e Rustam.³ He was the predecessor of Darius II Nothus, King of Persia and Egypt; King of Egypt.⁵ Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt died 0425 BCE at Susa, Elam [now in Iran].³ He appointed Nehemiah as Governor of Judaea 0445 B.C..¹ He sanctioned practice of the Jewish religion in Jerusalem 0458 B.C..¹ He put down a rebellion in Bactria, and a more serious one in Egypt 0460-0454 B.C..¹ He was the 4th ruler of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt 0465 B.C..⁶ He was raised to the throne by the commander of the guard, Artabanus, who had murdered Xerxes, and a few months later slew Artabanus in a hand-to-hand fight.³ King of Persia and Egypt 0465-0425 BCE.³ He associated with Cosmartidene , a concubine of Artaxerxes I 0476 B.C; His 3rd.¹ Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt was the son of Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt and Amestris of Persia.^2,3,4 Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt was born 0500 B.C..¹ He was the son of Xerxes.⁷ He was younger son of Xerxes I and Amestris.³ He was among all the kings of Persia the most remarkable for a gentle and noble spirit.⁷ He was surnamed the Long-handed, his right hand being longer than his left.⁷ Also called Artaxshassa.⁸ Also called Artaxerxes Makrocheir Greek.⁹ Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Gershevitch, I. (ed.) 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vo. 2, pp.334. Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt also went by the name of Artaxerxes "the Longhanded".^2,7 He was among all the kings of Persia the most remarkable for a gentle and noble spirit.² "Makrocheir" is Greek for "with the long hand." He was surnamed "the Long-handed," because his right hand was longer than his left. (Plutarch).^9,2 Also called Artakhšaça I Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian.⁹

     Pericles of Athens died 0429 B.C. At Athens, Greece.² He was the son of Xanthippos of Athens.¹ Pericles of Athens was born 0495 B.C. At Athens, Greece.³ He was the Athenian statesman largely responsible for the full development, in the later 5th century BC, of both the Athenian democracy and the Athenian empire.⁴

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Condla Cáem mac h-Eirora Uí Éremóin was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Irero Gleofathach mac Meilge Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Condla Cáem mac h-Eirora Uí Éremóin died 0442 B.C. At A.M. 3780. He died a natural death (a rare thing for a Monarch of Ireland).^2,3 76th Monarch of Ireland 0462-0442 B.C.. Also called Conla Caomh. Also called Connla Cruiaidhchealgach.³

     Artabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon died 0449 B.C..¹ He was the predecessor of Pharnabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon; Satrap of Daskyleon.³ Satrap of Daskyleon at Anatolia, Persian Empire, 0477-0468 B.C..³ Artabazos I, Satrap of Daskyleon was a general 0480-0479 B.C..¹ He was born 0525 B.C..¹ He was the son of Pharnaces, Governor of Persepolis.⁴ Also called Artabates.⁵

     Strategus Cimon the Younger of Athens died 0451 B.C. At Cyprus. He took 200 ships to Cyprus, detaching 60 to help the Egyptian nationalists, but during the siege of the Phoenician city of Citium, he died of sickness. According to others, he died of a wound he received in a skirmish with the barbarians.^4,3 He was allowed to return to Athens early, and worked for peace with Sparta which was achieved 0451 B.C..¹ He begged leave to fight in the ranks of Athens when Athens and Sparta returned to war, but was refused, and suspected of being a Spartan sympathiser, he ordered his follower to fight bravely for Athens, and all perished in the battle 0457 B.C..¹ He was ostracised by popular vote after failing to assist the Spartans, voted the most unpopular citizen and had to leave Athens for 10 years 0461 B.C..¹ He defeated the Thasians, who had seceded from the League, at sea, and after a blockade of two years, they surrendered to him 0463 B.C..¹ He gained his greatest victory when, as leader of an allied fleet of 200 ships, he routed the much larger Phoenician fleet near the mouth of the River Eurymedon in Pamphylia and subsequently defeated the King's forces on land, thus gravely weakening Persian control over the eastern Mediterranean 0466 B.C..⁵ He helped the Athenian statesman and general Aristides to secure the transference from Sparta to Athens of the leadership of the Greek maritime states, which had been recently liberated from Persia, and he became the principal commander of the Delian League thus formed 0478 B.C..¹ He showed conspicuous valour in the victorious sea fight with the Persians at Salamis 0480 B.C..¹ He was elected strategus after Salamis, and was reelected every year until his ostracism 0480-0461 B.C..¹ He arranged the marriage of his sister to the richest man in Athens, and was able to discharge the debt of his father.¹ He was the son of Miltiades The Younger of Athens and Hegesipyle of Thracia.^1,3 Strategus Cimon the Younger of Athens was born 0510 B.C..⁶ He had little acquaintance either with music, or any of the other liberal studies and accomplishments, then common among the Greeks; that he had nothing whatever of the quickness and the ready speech of his countrymen in Attica.³ He had but an indifferent reputation, being looked upon as disorderly in his habits, fond of drinking, and resembling his grandfather, also called Cimon, in character, whose simplicity got him the surname of Coalemus.³ He was as daring as Miltiades, and not inferior to Themistocles in judgment, and was incomparably more just and honest than either of them.³ He had an unusually passionate affection for his lawful wife Isodice.³ He had great nobleness and candour in his disposition, and in his character in general resembled rather a native of Peloponnesus than of Athens.³ He led expeditions to free Greek islands from Persian rule and through various other victories built up the Athenian empire.⁷ He was the Athenian statesman and general who played an active part in building up the Athenian empire in the period following the Greco-Persian Wars.¹ He was the son of Miltiades and Hegesipyle, who was by birth a Thracian, and daughter to the King Olorus, as appears from the poems of Melanthius and Archelaus, written in praise of Cimon.³ He was tall and handsome, open and affable in manner, and straightforward in action, a natural leader and perhaps the best general Athens ever had.¹ He married Isodice of Athens, daughter of Euryptolemos I of Athens; His 2nd.^1,3

     Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt died 0465 B.C.. Murdered by a captain of the guard.¹ He was the predecessor of Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt; King of Persia and Egypt.⁴ Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt was at the battles of Plataea and Mykale where he was beaten by the Greeks 0479 B.C..¹ He was a witness where Hydarnes II commanded the Persian elite corps (which is sometimes called Immortals) during king Xerxes' expedition to Greece 0480 B.C.⁵ Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt was at the battles of Thermopylae, where he was victorious against Leonidas, and Salamis, where his fleet was defeated, 0480 B.C..¹ He bridged the Hellispont, marching through Thrace, Macedonia, and Thessaly, 0483-0481 B.C..¹ He concluded the revolt that began during the reign of his father, Darius I, 0484 B.C..⁶ He was a witness where Alexander I Philhellene, King of Macedonia fought in the army of Xerxes with a Macedonian contingent during the Persian wars 0484 B.C.^7,8 King of Egypt 0485-0465 B.C.. Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt suppressed the revolt in Egypt begun before his father's death 0485-0484 B.C..^1,9 He was the 3rd ruler of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt 0486 B.C..⁶ King of Persia 0486-0465 B.C..¹⁰ He married Amestris of Persia 0501 B.C.¹ Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt was the son of Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt and Atossa Achaemenid.^2,3 Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt was born 0521 B.C.. He was the father of Artaxerxes I Longimanus, King of Persia and Egypt; the son of Xerxes.¹¹ Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt was the eldest son of his father's main consort Atossa (but not the oldest of the sons, those born to the daughter of Gobryas).³ Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Gershevitch, I. (ed.) 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vo. 2, pp.318-334. Also called Khšayâršâ old-Persian.¹⁰

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Irero Gleofathach mac Meilge Uí Éremóin was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Meilge Molbhthach mac Cobthach Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Irero Gleofathach mac Meilge Uí Éremóin died 0473 B.C. At A.M. 3705. Slain in battle by Fearchorb, his successor.^2,3 74th Monarch of Ireland 0480-0473 B.C.. Also called Iaran Gleofathach.⁴ Also called Iarraingleo Fathach.³

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fer Corb mac Moga Uí Éber was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Mug Corb mac Cobthach Uí Éber.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Fer Corb mac Moga Uí Éber died 0473 B.C..¹ 75th Monarch of Ireland 0473-0462 B.C..³ Also called Fearcorb.⁴

     Atossa Achaemenid died 0475 B.C..⁴ She married Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt, son of Hystaspes, Satrap of Parthia and Rhodogune (?), 0522 B.C; His 2nd. Her 3rd. 3rd cousins.^5,2,4 Atossa Achaemenid married Cambyses II, King of Persia and Egypt, son of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah and Cassandane Achaemenid, 0525 B.C., circa; Her 2nd. Siblings.^5,1,4 Atossa Achaemenid was born 0550 B.C..⁴ She was the daughter of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah and Princess Neithiyi of Egypt.^2,3 Princess of Persia. Also called Hutautha.¹ Also called Hattuosa.¹ Sources: 2. Gershevitch, I. (ed.) 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vo. 2, pp.299.

     Xanthippos of Athens command the Athenian force at Mycale 0479 B.C..² He died 0479 B.C.. He probably died soon after Mycale.² He returned to Athens 0480 B.C..² He was ostracized 0484 B.C..²

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Ollam Amlongad mac Ailella Abratruaid Uí Éremóin was the son of Ailill Abratchaín mac Labrada Loingsig Móen Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Ollam Amlongad mac Ailella Abratruaid Uí Éremóin died 0480 B.C..² 73rd Monarch of Ireland 0498-0480 B.C.. Also called mac Ailella Abratruaid.¹

     Abrocomes Achaemenid was the son of Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt.¹ Abrocomes Achaemenid died 0480 B.C., August. He was killed at the Battle of Thermopylae.¹

     Hyperanthes Achaemenid was the son of Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt.¹ Hyperanthes Achaemenid died 0480 B.C., August. He was killed at the Battle of Thermopylae.¹

     Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt was a witness where Xerxes I, King of Persia and Egypt concluded the revolt that began during the reign of his father, Darius I, 0484 B.C.⁴ Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt was buried in Naqsh-i-Rustam at Persepolis, Iran. The following inscription appears on his tomb: By the favor of the great god I believe in justice and abhor inequity. It is not my desire that the weak man should have wrong done to him by the mighty.⁵ He died 0486 B.C..^1,6,7 He had his Egyptian subjects rise in revolt against Persian rule 0486 B.C..⁵ He invaded Greece, but defeated at the battle of Marathon, 0490 B.C..⁸ He was a witness where Pharnaces, Governor of Persepolis governor of Persepolis under his nephew Darius I 0499-0497 B.C.⁹ Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt embarked on his last campaign, crossing the Danube, defeating the european Scythians and subduing Thracia and Macedonia 0514 B.C.. He suppressed a new rebellion in Elam 0519 B.C.. He ordered the rulers of Syria and Phoenicia to leave Judea in peace 0520 B.C.. 1 Esdras 6:27 "So Darius commanded Sisinnes the governor of Syria and Phoenicia, and Sathrabuzanes, and their associates, and those who were appointed as local rulers in Syria and Phoenicia, to keep away from the place, and to permit Zerubbabel, the servant of the Lord and governor of Judaea, and the elders of the Jews to build this house of the Lord on its site."¹⁰ He was the 2nd ruler of the 27th Dynasty of Egypt 0521 B.C..⁴ He treated the Egyptians with respect and goodwill. During his reign he undertook the completion of the canal that extended from the Nile to the Red Sea. He also expanded the Serapeum at Saqqara as well as erected a large temple of Amun in el-Kharga, a southwestern oasis 0521 B.C..⁴ King of Egypt 0521-0486 B.C..¹¹ He succeeded Cambyses II, his third cousin, 0522 B.C.. He was already a father of three sons 0522 B.C.. He recoved the throne of Persia for the Achaemenid family, lost by his cousin Cambyses II, with the help of six of the greatest Persian noblemen, namely Gobryas, Hydarnes, Megabyzus, Intaphernes and Ardumanish, 0522 B.C.. They knew that they could not rely on the support of the common people, since the Magi were not only popular, but also feared, as they were known to kill anyone who knew the secret of their usurpation. In a singular act of daring, the chiefs, led by Darius, forced their way into the castle Sikayauvati, situated in Nisaya, a district in Media, where the Magi lived, and slew the usurpers and their supporters. He after recovering the throne he married two daughters of Cyrus as well as the only daughter of Bardiya, the son of Cyrus whom Camyses II killed, 0522 B.C.. He married Atossa Achaemenid, daughter of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah and Princess Neithiyi of Egypt, 0522 B.C; His 2nd. Her 3rd. 3rd cousins.^12,13,14 King of Kings of Persia 0522-0486 B.C..⁷ Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt started serving as a spear-man in the Royal Guard 0530 B.C.. He was a witness where Amyntas I, King of Macedonia a tributory vassal to the Persian sovereign, Darius, 0547-0498 B.C. Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt was the son of Hystaspes, Satrap of Parthia and Rhodogune (?).^2,3,1 Darius I "the Great", King of Persia and Egypt was born 0550 B.C.. The eldest son of Prince Hystaspes. "I am Darius the Great King, King of kings, King of countries containing in all kinds of men, King in this great earth far and wide, son of Hystaspes, an Acheamenian, a Persian, an Aryan, having Aryan lineage."⁶ " Of the above names Darius may be rendered "Worker," Xerxes "Warrior," and Artaxerxes "Great Warrior." And so might we call these kings in our own language with propriety."¹⁵ His Egyptian throne name, Setut-i-re, means "Likeness of Re."¹¹ Also called Dârayavauš Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian. He was the nephew of Pharnaces, Governor of Persepolis; the uncle of Darius I.⁹

     Miltiades The Younger of Athens died 0489 B.C. At Athens, Greece. He died in disgrace the year following Marathon, unable to pay a large fine imposed on him for allegedly misconducting a subsequent operation. Being condemned in a fine of fifty talents of the state, and unable to pay it, was cast into prison, and there died.^3,4 He was the Athenian general who led Athenian forces to victory over the Persians at the Battle of Marathon 0490 B.C..^5,1 He was prosecuted for his tyrannical role in the Chersonese, probably at the instigation of the rival clan of the pro-Persian Alcmaeonids, but triumphantly acquitted as the champion of resistance to Persian encroachments upon Greek freedom.¹ He was the son of Cimon the Elder of Athens.^1,2 Miltiades The Younger of Athens was born 0554 B.C. At Athens, Greece.⁶ He claimed a garland, but Sochares of Decelea stood up in the midst of the assembly and opposed it, using words which, though ungracious, were received with applause by the people: "When you have gained a victory by yourself, Miltiades, then you may ask to triumph so too".⁴ He was the son of Kimon, the son of Stesagoras.⁷ He was called Miltiades after the founder of the Chersonesite colony.⁸ Also called Miltiades III Lakiades. He and his family were Laciadae.⁴ He married Hegesipyle of Thracia, daughter of King of the Thracians Oloros of Thracia.^1,9

     Pharnaces, Governor of Persepolis died 0497 B.C..¹ Governor of Persepolis at Persian Empire 0499-0497 B.C..² He was governor of Persepolis under his nephew Darius I 0499-0497 B.C..² He was the son of Arsames, King of Persia.^3,2 Pharnaces, Governor of Persepolis was born 0560 B.C..¹ He was the uncle of Darius I.² He was a junior branch of the royal line.²

     Amyntas I, King of Macedonia was the son of Alcetas I, King of Macedonia.^2,3 Amyntas I, King of Macedonia died 0498 B.C..¹ The Persian Wars: Persia conquers Asia Minor. 0513-0477 B.C.⁴ King of Macedonia at circa, Persian Empire, 0540-0495 B.C..⁵ He was a tributory vassal to the Persian sovereign, Darius, 0547-0498 B.C.. He established good relations with the Athens of Pisistratus, albeit under his reign Macedon was subjected to Persia.⁶

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Mug Corb mac Cobthach Uí Éber was the son of Cobthach Caín mac Rechtaid Uí Éber.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Mug Corb mac Cobthach Uí Éber died 0498 B.C..¹ 72nd Monarch of Ireland 0505-0498 B.C..³ Also called Mughcorb.⁴

     Chief archon Cleisthenes of Athens died 0508 B.C..³ He was the Athenian leader whose political reforms (estalishing 10 new tribes) are viewed as the precursor of democracy.⁴ Chief Archon of Athens 0525-0524 B.C..¹ He left Attica when Peisistratus seized power 0546 B.C..¹ He was the son of Megacles the Younger of Athens and Agariste of Sicyon.^1,2 Chief archon Cleisthenes of Athens was born 0570 B.C..⁵ He established the tribes and the democracy for the Athenians, he being called after the Sikyonian Cleisthenes, his mother's father.² He was son of Megacles and Agarista.² He was the statesman regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy.¹ He was grandson of Cleisthenes of Sicyon.⁶ He was greatgrandson of another Megacles.¹

     Hystaspes, Satrap of Parthia died 0521 B.C. At after.¹ Satrap of Parthia at Persian Empire 0521 B.C..⁴ He put down the revolt in Hyrcana (after they had joined the Median rebel king Phraortes) by defeating the rebels near the Parthian town Patigrabana 0521 B.C. At July 11.⁴ He married Rhodogune (?) 0551 B.C; Her 2nd.^1,5 Hystaspes, Satrap of Parthia was the son of Arsames, King of Persia.^2,3 Hystaspes, Satrap of Parthia was born 0570 B.C. At circa. Nearing 50 years old in 522 B.C.. Also called Vištâspa Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian.^1,4

     Cambyses II, King of Persia and Egypt was buried in Takht-i-Rustam, near Persepolis, Iran.³ He died 0522 B.C. At Syria. Cambyses was returning to Persia and had reached Syria when he received the bad news of the revolt. He sprang hastily upon his steed, meaning to march his army with all speed against the Magi. "As he made his spring, the bottom of his sword-sheath fell off, and the bared point entered his thigh". Feeling that he had received his death-wound, the king disclosed the secret of his brother's death and the plot of Magi to the Achaemenids and other noble Persians who had gathered around his deathbed, beseeching them to recover the Persian throne. Twenty days after suffering the wound, Cambyses died. His was a natural death, and there was no question of committing suicide. Since he left no sons, he was the end of the direct line of succession. He married Atossa Achaemenid, daughter of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah and Princess Neithiyi of Egypt, 0525 B.C., circa; Her 2nd. Siblings.^4,1,5 Cambyses II, King of Persia and Egypt did not conquer so much as take over control of Egypt, following the collapse of the Saite Dynasty and the capture of Psammetichus III, 0525 B.C..^6,7,3 One story by Herodotus about the Persian conquest holds that he requested an Egyptian Princess for a wife (a concubine) and was angered when a second-rank lady was delivered.³ Another story by Herodotus about the Persian conquest of Egypt made Cambyses the bastard son of King Cyrus by Princess Nitetis of Egypt (daughter of King Apries) and half Egyptian anyway.³ A third story by Herodotus says Cambyses made a promise to his mother, this time Cassandane) that he would turn Egypt "upside down" to avenge a slight paid her.³ King of Egypt 0525-0522 B.C..³ He succeeded his father in Persia 0529 B.C..² Shah of Persia 0529-0522 B.C.. He was the son of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah and Cassandane Achaemenid.² Cambyses II, King of Persia and Egypt was born 0545 B.C. At circa. His Egyptian throne name, Mesut-i-re, means "Offspring of Re."³ " The Egyptians, however, claim Cambyses as belonging to them, declaring that he was the son of this Nitetis. It was Cyrus, they say, and not Cambyses, who sent to Amasis for his daughter. But here they mis-state the truth. Acquainted as they are beyond all other men with the laws and customs of the Persians, they cannot but be well aware, first, that it is not the Persian wont to allow a bastard to reign when there is a legitimate heir; and next, that Cambyses was the son of Cassandane, the daughter of Pharnaspes, an Achaemenian, and not of this Egyptian. But the fact is that they pervert history in order to claim relationship with the house of Cyrus. Such is the truth of this matter."⁸ He secretely murdered Bardiya, his own brother. Also called Kambujiya II Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian.⁹

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Labraid Loingsech Móen mac Ailella Áine Uí Éremóin was the son of Ailill Áine mac Lóegaire Luirc Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Labraid Loingsech Móen mac Ailella Áine Uí Éremóin died 0522 B.C..² He witnessed the death of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin 0541 B.C. At A.M. 3648, Teamhair, Ireland; He was slain at his regal city of Teamhair, A.M. 3648, by Labraidh Loingsech, his brother's second son (grandson maybe?), in revenge of his father's and grandfather's murders.^3,4 70th Monarch of Ireland 0541-0522 B.C.. Also called mac Ailella Áine.⁵

     Tyrant of Athens Peisistratus of Athens died 0527 B.C..¹ He was master of Athens by the use of force, so in Greek terms he was a tyrannos.¹ He was son-in-law of Megacles, leader of the party of the Coast.¹ He was relative, through his mother, of the reformer Solon.¹

     Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah died 0528 B.C. At Massagetae. Died in battle with Queen Tomyris during the invasion of the region of the Massagetae.^5,6,7 He moved on the New Babylonian Empire which submitted peacefully and Cyrus allowed it cultural autonomy 0538 B.C..⁶ King of Babylon 0539 B.C..⁸ He conquered Babylon peacefully where he was welcomed as a liberator because of his compassionate policies, he then freed the Jews from captivity and assisted them to migrate to their homeland and to reconstruct their temple in Jerusalem, 0539 B.C..^8,9,10 He died 0540 B.C..⁸ He subjugated several colonies in Asia Minor 0545-0539 B.C..⁶ He conquered the Medians (his maternal grandfather's kingdom) 0546 B.C. At Ecbatana, Media. "Cyrus, when he reached manhood in Persis, revolted against his maternal grandfather and overlord. Astyages marched against the rebel, but his army deserted him and surrendered to Cyrus."^6,5 He conquered the Lydians, and captured, or made prisoner, then trusted vassal, it's king, Croesus, 0546 B.C..¹¹ He married Princess Neithiyi of Egypt, daughter of Pharaoh Apries of Egypt, 0546 B.C; His 4th.^12,13 Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah conquered Lydia 0547 B.C..^6,9 King of Medes 0549 B.C..¹⁴ He witnessed the death of Astyages, King of the Medes 0549 BC; Bel 1:1 "When King Astyages was laid with his fathers, Cyrus the Persian received his kingdom."¹⁴ Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah was the conqueror who founded the Achaemenian dynasty, and the Persian Empire, centered on Persia and comprising the Near East from the Aegean Sea eastward to the Indus River 0550 B.C..¹⁰ He overthrew the Median Kingdom 0550 B.C..⁹ Shahanshah of Persia 0550-0528 B.C.. He married Cassandane Achaemenid 0555 B.C; His 1st.⁸ Ruler of the Persians at Anshan 0559-0528 B.C.. Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah was born 0570 B.C..⁸
""When he was 10 years old, Cyrus, because of his outstanding qualities, was discovered by Astyages, who, in spite of the dream, was persuaded to allow the boy to live."⁵"
He was born 0585 B.C. At Persis, Fars Province, Iran. "Astyages, (the grandfather) having had a dream that the baby would grow up to overthrow him, ordered Cyrus slain. His chief adviser, however, instead gave the baby to a shepherd to raise."⁵ He was the son of Cambyses I, King of Persia and Mandane, Princess of Media.^2,3,4 Sources: 2. Bury, J.B., Cook, S.A. and Adcock, F.E. 'The Cambridge Ancient History' Vol.IV, pp.5. Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah was said to have been the son of Cambyses, king of the Persians, and his mother, it is generally agreed, was Mandane, the daughter of Astyages, sometime king of the Medes.² He was the son of Cambyses, great king, king of Anshan, grandson of Cyrus, great king, king of Anshan, descendant of Teispes, great king, king of Anshan, of a family [which] always [exercised] kingship.⁵

     Princess Neithiyi of Egypt died 0529 B.C. At after.⁴ She married Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah, son of Cambyses I, King of Persia and Mandane, Princess of Media, 0546 B.C; His 4th.^5,2 Princess Neithiyi of Egypt was born 0570 B.C..^6,4 She was the daughter of Pharaoh Apries of Egypt.^2,3 " There was a daughter of the late king Apries, named Nitetis, a tall and beautiful woman, the last survivor of that royal house."⁵ Also called Nitetis.⁵

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Meilge Molbhthach mac Cobthach Uí Éremóin was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin.¹ 71st Monarch of Ireland 0522-0505 B.C.. Ard-rí na h'Éireann Meilge Molbhthach mac Cobthach Uí Éremóin died 0541 B.C. At the Battle of Clare. Slain in battle by the former monarch.^2,3 Also called Melg Molbhthach.⁴ Also called Meilge Molbhthach.³

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin died 0541 B.C. At A.M. 3648, Teamhair, Ireland. He was slain at his regal city of Teamhair, A.M. 3648, by Labraidh Loingsech, his brother's second son (grandson maybe?), in revenge of his father's and grandfather's murders.^1,4 69th Monarch of Ireland 0591-0541 B.C.. He witnessed the death of Ailill Áine mac Lóegaire Luirc Uí Éremóin 0594 B.C; Murdered by his uncle, Cabthach Coel Breag.^5,4 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin witnessed the death of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Lóegaire Lorc mac Augaine Máir Uí Éremóin 0594 B.C; Murdered by his brother, Cabthach Coel Breag.^5,4 Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin was ancestor to all the Heremonians of Leath Cuinn, West Meath, Ulster and Connacht.⁴ He was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Augaine Mór mac Echach Buadaig Uí Éremóin and Cesssair of France.^2,3,4 Also called Cobthach Coel Breg mac Úgaine Móir. Ard-rí na h'Éireann Cobthach Cáelbreg mac Ugaine Uí Éremóin was born. Second son.⁴

     Astyages, King of the Medes was a witness where Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah conquered the Medians (his maternal grandfather's kingdom) 0546 B.C. At Ecbatana, Media.^3,4 Astyages, King of the Medes was killed when his country was conquered by the Persians under Cyrus, the son of Cambyses, 0549 B.C.. He reigned for thirty-five years 0549 B.C..⁵ He died 0549 BC. Bel 1:1 "When King Astyages was laid with his fathers, Cyrus the Persian received his kingdom."⁶ He was a witness where Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah overthrew the Median Kingdom 0550 B.C.⁷ Astyages, King of the Medes witnessed the birth of Cyrus II "the Great", Shahan Shah 0585 B.C. At Persis, Fars Province, Iran; "Astyages, (the grandfather) having had a dream that the baby would grow up to overthrow him, ordered Cyrus slain. His chief adviser, however, instead gave the baby to a shepherd to raise."⁴ Astyages, King of the Medes married Aryenis, Princess of Lydia, daughter of Alyattes, King of Lydia, 0585 B.C. At circa; This marriage brought a short-lived peace to the Lydians and Medians.⁸ King of Media 0585-0550 B.C..⁴ He had a daughter who was named Mandane concerning whom he had a wonderful dream. He dreamt that from her such a stream of water flowed forth as not only to fill his capital, but to flood the whole of Asia. This vision he laid before such of the Magi as had the gift of interpreting dreams, who expounded its meaning to him in full, whereat he was greatly terrified. On this account, when his daughter was now of ripe age, he would not give her in marriage to any of the Medes who were of suitable rank, lest the dream should be accomplished; but he married her to a Persian of good family indeed, but of a quiet temper, whom he looked on as much inferior to a Mede of even middle condition.⁹ Astyages, King of the Medes was the brother-in-law of Croesus, King of Lydia.¹⁰ He was the son of Kyaxares, King of the Medes and Vashti (?).² Also called Arshtivaiga. Also called Ishtumegu Akkadian.⁴ Astyages, King of the Medes was born. Daniel 9:1 " In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes."¹¹ Also called Darius the Mede So called in the Bible, Book of Daniel.