Person Page - 270

     Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia died 0239 B.C..^2,3 He arranged a pretend marriage alliance between his son, Prince Demetrios, and the widow of Alexander II of Epirus, Olympia, and thereby regained Corinth (and Euboia) 0245 B.C..⁴ He was a witness where Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt defeated by Antigonus II of Macedonia in another naval battle 0246 B.C.² Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia won another naval victory over Ptolemy II of Egypt 0246 B.C..² He was a witness where Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt defeated by Antigonus II of Macedonia in a naval battle 0258 B.C.² Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia won a naval victory over Ptolemy II of Egypt 0258 B.C..² He fought in the Chremonidean War 0267-0262 B.C..¹ He gained lasting control of the Macedonian kingship, following the reigns of Pyrrhus, 0272 B.C.. He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus defeated the new Macedonian ruler, Antigonus II Gonatas, whose troops hailed Pyrrhus as king 0274 B.C.⁵ Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia was usurped from his throne by Pyrrhus who defeated him in battle and when his own Macedonian troops hailed Pyrrhus as king 0274-0272 B.C..^6,5 He gained full control of Macedonia 0276 B.C..² He was a pupil of Zeno, the founder of Stoicism, and encouraged philisophers and writers to frequent his court in hope of transforming Pella into a center of Greek culture.⁷ He married Phila II, daughter of Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria and Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia, 0276 B.C; Uncle/niece. Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia married his own niece, the half-sister of his new ally, Antiochos I Soter of Syria, and the wedding-hymns, written by Aratos of Soli, celebrated the treaty and the help given by Pan in the victory over the Gauls 0276 BC.⁷ He defeated the invading Celts and occupied Macedonia 0277 B.C..¹ King of Macedonia at the Balkan Peninsula 0277-0239 B.C..^8,6 He became king in place of the man who had usurped (?) his father, Pyrrhus, 0277-0274 B.C.. He was a witness where Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria made an alliance with Antigonos II of the Antigonid House, renouncing all claim to Macedonia 0278 B.C.⁷ Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia made an alliance with Antiochus I of the Seleucid House, renouncing all claim to Asia 0278 B.C..⁷ He was born 0319 B.C. At circa.² He was the son of Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia and Phila I.^2,1,3 Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia was the son of Demetrius I by Phila.⁹ He was a patron of learning and the arts.² Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Walbank, F.W. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.III, pp.317. ; 2. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.733. He possessd a striking and sympathetic personality.⁷ He was so described: unassuming, short of stature, and snub-nosed.⁵

     Eumenes I, King of Pergamum died 0241 B.C..² He defeated the army of the Seleucid king Antiochus I 0262 B.C. At Sardis, Lydia, Asia Minor.^3,2 King of Pergamum at Mysia, Asia Minor, 0263-0241 B.C..^1,3 He was a witness where Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria engaged in a war against Eumenes I, ruler of Pergamum in Asia Minor, 0263-0261 B.C.⁴ Eumenes I, King of Pergamum was nephew and successor of Philetaeros, who was ruler of Mysia and Troas on the death of Lysicmachus.^1,2 He developed the resources and prosperity of the kingdom of Pergamum at Mysia, Asia Minor.¹

     Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria died 0246 B.C. At Ephesus. He was poisoned by his wife Laodice.^2,3,4 He left Berenice in order to live again with Laodice and Seleucus in Asia Minor 0246 B.C..⁵ He lost Parthia to the Arcasids 0248 B.C..¹ He was a witness where Arsakes I, King of Parthia gained Parthia from the Seleucid, Antiochus II 0248 B.C.² Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria lost Bactria to Diodatus I, his own Satrap of provincial governor, 0250 B.C. At circa.^1,2 He repudiated his wife Laodice (Seleucus' mother) and married Ptolemy's daughter Berenice.³ He was called Theos by the citizens of Miletus after he freed them from the tyrant Timarchus 0258 B.C..² He fought a long and costly war against Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt in what was called the 2nd Syrian War, winning back most of the territories his father had lost 0260-0253 B.C..² He was a witness where Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt fought against Antiochus II Theos of Syria in what was called the 2nd Syrian War 0260-0253 B.C. King of Syria at Middle East 0261-0246 B.C..^2,6,7,8 Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria married Laodice I Seleucid, daughter of Achaeus, Prince of Syria and N. N. the Perdiccid, 0266 B.C; 1st cousins.³ Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria was born 0287 B.C. At circa.^2,9 He was the son of Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria and Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia.^1,2 Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria also went by the name of Antiochus II "the Divine". "Theos" is Greek for "the Divine."² Sources: 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.734.

     Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt died 0246 B.C. At January 29, Alexandria, Egypt.^4,5 He was defeated by Antigonus II of Macedonia in another naval battle 0246 B.C..⁶ He was a witness where Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia won another naval victory over Ptolemy II of Egypt 0246 B.C.⁶ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt was defeated by Antigonus II of Macedonia in a naval battle 0258 B.C..⁶ He was a witness where Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia won a naval victory over Ptolemy II of Egypt 0258 B.C.⁶ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt was a witness where Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria fought a long and costly war against Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt in what was called the 2nd Syrian War, winning back most of the territories his father had lost 0260-0253 B.C.⁷ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt fought against Antiochus II Theos of Syria in what was called the 2nd Syrian War 0260-0253 B.C.. He was a witness where Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum abandoned the Seleucids in favor of a tie with Ptolemy II of Egypt 0264 B.C.³ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt fought the Chremonidean War 0267-0262 B.C.. He was deified 0271 B.C..¹ He was a witness where Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria fought against Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt in what was called the 1st Syrian War 0274-0271 B.C. Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt fought against Antiochus I Soter of Syria in what was called the 1st Syrian War 0274-0271 B.C.. Arsinoe married her own brother (c. 277), a customary practice in Egypt but scandalous to the Greeks. “Philadelphoi” (“Brother-Loving”) consequently was added to the names of Ptolemy and Arsinoe.⁸ He married his sister an act which brought him her Aegean possessions 0277 B.C..² He married Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya, daughter of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia, 0277 B.C. At circa; His 2nd. Her 3rd. Siblings.^3,1,9,10 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt worked to build up Egypt and his construction efforts included that of building the canal that linked the Nile to the Gulf of Suez 0280 B.C..¹¹ King of Egypt 0282-0246 B.C.. "Philadelphus," "brotherly (or sibling) love," was a name assumed by Ptolemy II because he had married his sister, Arsinoe (also "Philadelphus"). This was in immitation of Egyptian mythology and became a Ptolemaic practice 0283 B.C. He was a witness where Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt made his son, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, co-ruler 0284 B.C. At January.⁴ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt was appointed co-regent to Queen Berenice and successor to his father, in deference to the early sons of Soter 0285/4 B.C..^3,5 He married Arsinoë I of Macedonia, daughter of Lysimachos, King of Thrace and Nicaea I, 0288 B.C. At circa; His 1st.⁹ Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia.^1,2,3 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt was born 0308 B.C. At February, Island of Cos.^1,2,5 Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt also went by the name of Ptolemy "the Sister-loving" "Philadelphus" is Greek for "Brother (or Sister)-loving."² Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 413. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.736.

     Alexander II, King of Epirus was the son of Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus and Lanassa the Syracusan.² Alexander II, King of Epirus died 0247 B.C..³ King of Epirus 0272-0240 B.C.. He was the successor of Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus; King of Epirus (2nd reign).¹ Alexander II, King of Epirus was the son of Pyrrhus by Lanassa.⁴ Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Walbank, F.W. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.III, pp.266. ; 2. Hammond, N.G.L. and Walbank, F.W. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.III, pp.322. He married Olympias Aeacid, daughter of Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus and Antigone of Macedonia; Her 1st. Half-siblings.¹

     Magas of Cyrene died 0250 B.C.. He died of the effects of prolonged overindulgence.² He married Apama, daughter of Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria and Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia, 0275 B.C., circa.² King of Cyrene at Libya, North Africa, 0282-0250 B.C..² Governor of Cyrene at Libya, North Africa, 0300 B.C., circa.² Magas of Cyrene was the son of Philip of Macedonia and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia.² Magas of Cyrene was born 0318 B.C. At circa. Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 428. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23.

     Ariobarzanes I, King of Pontus died 0258 B.C. At circa.² He was the predecessor of Mithradates II, King of Pontus; King of Pontus.^3,2,4 King of Pontus at northeastern Anatolia, Asia Minor, 0266-0258 B.C..² Ariobarzanes I, King of Pontus was the successor of Mithradates I, King of Pontus; King of Pontus.^2,5 Ariobarzanes I, King of Pontus was the son of Mithradates I, King of Pontus. Ariobarzanes I, King of Pontus was born 0305 B.C..¹

     Orontes III, King of Armenia died 0260 B.C. At circa.² He was the first King following Macedonian rule 0315 B.C.. King of Armenia 0317-0260 B.C..³ He was the successor of Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia; Satrap of Armenia.³ Orontes III, King of Armenia was born 0340 B.C..² He was the son of Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia.¹

     Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria died 0261 B.C. At circa. He was killed in battle against Pergamum.^1,3 He was the predecessor of Antiochos II Theos, King of Syria; King of Syria.^4,5,6,7 Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria was a witness where Eumenes I, King of Pergamum defeated the army of the Seleucid king Antiochus I 0262 B.C. At Sardis, Lydia, Asia Minor.^8,9 Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria engaged in a war against Eumenes I, ruler of Pergamum in Asia Minor, 0263-0261 B.C..³ He fought against Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt in what was called the 1st Syrian War 0274-0271 B.C.. He was a witness where Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt fought against Antiochus I Soter of Syria in what was called the 1st Syrian War 0274-0271 B.C. Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria won a great victory over the Gauls (Celts) in Asia Minor 0275 B.C..¹ He made an alliance with Antigonos II of the Antigonid House, renouncing all claim to Macedonia 0278 B.C..¹⁰ He was a witness where Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia made an alliance with Antiochus I of the Seleucid House, renouncing all claim to Asia 0278 B.C.¹⁰ Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria was a witness where P'arnawaz I, King of Kartli-Iberia usurped "the evil" Azon, founder of the Mtskheta state, and with gifts to Antiochus, and the promise to serve him, Antiochus "accepted this proposal with joy, called him his son, sent him a crown, and ordered the princes of Armenia to help him," thereby becoming a Seleucid vassal 0280 B.C.^11,12 King of Syria 0280-0261 B.C.. Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria witnessed the death of Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria 0281 B.C. At August/September, outside Lysimacheia; Assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus. Seleucus left India to the growing power of the Mauryas, but was about to add Thrace to his kingdom when, stepping out of the boat in Europe, he was assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus, whom he had taken in as a refugee. Ceraunus claimed the throne of Thrace and Macedon, while the rest of Seleucus' domain passed to his half-Iranian son Antiochus.^13,14,15 Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria fell in love with his beautiful stepmother, Stratonice, and his unrequitedpassion affected his health 0294 BCE.² He married Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia, daughter of Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia and Phila I, 0294 BCE; His 1st. Her 2nd. Step-mother.^1,16,2 Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria was the son of Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria and Apama II.² Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria was born 0324 B.C..^1,3 Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 415. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.734. Antiochos I Soter, King of Syria also went by the name of Antiochus I "the Preserver".

     Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum died 0263 B.C..² He was the predecessor of Eumenes I, King of Pergamum; King of Pergamum.^1,2 Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum abandoned the Seleucids in favor of a tie with Ptolemy II of Egypt 0264 B.C..² He was reportedly a eunuch and adopted his nephew, Eumenes I, as his heir and successor 0263 B.C..² He became ruler of Mysia and Troas on the death of the Macedonian General, Lysimachus 0281 B.C. At Asia Minor.¹ He was a witness where Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria received the allegience of Philetaerus, Governor of Pergamum 0282 B.C. Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum transferred his allegience to Seleucus I, the successor of Alexander the Great in Syria, who allowed him a far larger measure of independence that he had hitherto enjoyed, 0282 B.C..² Governor of Pergamum at circa, Mysia, Asia Minor, 0282-0263 B.C..^1,2 He was governor of Pergamum, the city in which the Macedonian General, Lysimachus, chose the acropolis as a stronghold for his treasures.¹ He was a witness where Lysimachos, King of Thrace had Philetaerus as Governor of his treasury in Pergamum 0302-0282 B.C.² Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum served under Lysimachus, ruler of Thrace, who made him guardian of the fortress of Pergamum with its treasure of some 9,000 talents, 0302-0282 B.C..² He was a witness where Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia served by Philetaerus in Pergamum 0323-0302 B.C.² Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum was served under Antigonus I Monophthalmus, successor to Alexander the Great in Phrygia, until he abandoned the Antigonids for their rival, Lysimachus 0323-0302 B.C..² He was born 0343 B.C. At circa, Tios, Paphlagonia, Asia Minor.² He was the son of Attalos of Tieum.¹

     Mithradates I, King of Pontus died 0266 B.C..³ He gained control of Paphlagonia and northern Cappadocia 0270 B.C. At Anatolia, Asia Minor.⁴ King of Pontus at northeastern Anatolia, Asia Minor, 0281-0266 B.C..^3,5 He journeyed to Pontus with only six horsemen, and was able to assume the title of King 0296 B.C., circa.³ Satrap of Chios at Persian Empire 0302 B.C..⁵ He was the son of Orontobates.² Mithradates I, King of Pontus was born 0340 B.C., circa.

     Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya died 0270 B.C. At July.^3,5 She became the first Ptolemic ruler to enter the Egyptian temples as "temple-sharing goddess" 0270 B.C..⁵ She was deified 0271 B.C..² Arsinoe married her own brother (c. 277), a customary practice in Egypt but scandalous to the Greeks. “Philadelphoi” (“Brother-Loving”) consequently was added to the names of Ptolemy and Arsinoe.⁶ She married Ptolemy II Philadelphus, King of Egypt, son of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia, 0277 B.C. At circa; His 2nd. Her 3rd. Siblings.^3,2,4,5 Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya saw her younger sons murdered by her second husband, Ptolemy Ceraunus, prompting her to flee to Samothrace.⁵ A contract for the marriage of Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya and Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia was signed 0281/0 B.C., Winter at Cassandrea, northern Greece. Her 2nd. Half-siblings. s.p.^3,5,7 Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya witnessed the death of Agathocles of Macedonia 0283/2 B.C., circa; Executed as a traitor by his father, at the instigation of his 3rd wife, Arsinoë II, daughter of Ptolemy, who was protecting the interests of her own children by him.^8,7 Queen of Egypt 0285-0271 B.C.. Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya bore three sons to Lysimachus who she hoped would be heirs to the throne of Thrace 0299 B.C. At and later.⁴ She was most likely the dominant woman at the court of Lysimachus, and his favorite, at least for a while, given the fact that Lysimachus renamed the city of Ephesus in her honor.⁴ She married Lysimachos, King of Thrace 0300 B.C; His 3rd. Her 1st.^3,4,5 Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya was raised in Egypt at Alexandria where she most likely received her finishing-school education.⁴ She was the daughter of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia.^3,1,4,5 Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya was born 0316 B.C. At circa.^3,5 Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya also went by the name of Arsinoë "the Brother-Loving" "Philadelphoi" is Greek for "Brother-Loving."

     Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia died 0275 B.C..² Queen of Egypt 0290-0275 B.C.. She married Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt, son of Lagus of Macedonia and Arsinoë I Argaead, 0317 B.C; His 4th. Her 2nd.^2,1 Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia married Philip of Macedonia 0319 B.C. At or later; Her 1st.¹ Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia came to Egypt in the retinue of Eurydice, daughter of Antipater, when Eurydice married Ptolemy.³ She was the daughter of Magas of Macedonia and Antigone of Macedonia.¹ Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia was born 0333 B.C. At circa. She was given a fabricated genealogy, as half-sister of the King, because she was not of royal blood, in order to legitimize her marriage, and the right of her children to succeed.² Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 413. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.736. She was the granddaughter(?) of Cassander, the son of Antipater.² There is not agreement as to which wife was mother of Ptolemy II. Some sources show the mother as Eurydice, daughter of Antipater, Regent of Macedonia (1,2). Green shows her as Bernice (3). She was the mother of Antigone of Macedonia; one of the daughters of Berenice by Philip.⁴

     Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia died 0279 B.C., January/February at Macedonia. Encouraged by the collapse of Lysimacho's realm in Thrace, an army of Gauls migrating from central Europe poured into Macedonia. Keraunos fell in battle, wounded and captured, and later beheaded, and chaos ensued.^3,4,2 He went to Casandreia 0280 B.C. At Macedonia.⁵ He took the Macedonian throne 0281 B.C., September.² He witnessed the death of Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria 0281 B.C. At August/September, outside Lysimacheia; Assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus. Seleucus left India to the growing power of the Mauryas, but was about to add Thrace to his kingdom when, stepping out of the boat in Europe, he was assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus, whom he had taken in as a refugee. Ceraunus claimed the throne of Thrace and Macedon, while the rest of Seleucus' domain passed to his half-Iranian son Antiochus.^6,3,2 Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia cajoled his half-sister into marrying him, but, on entering Cassandrea, he promptly executed her two younger sons 0281 B.C. At circa.⁷ King of Macedonia 0281-0279 B.C.. King of Thrace 0281-0279 B.C..³ A contract for the marriage of Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia and Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya was signed 0281/0 B.C., Winter at Cassandrea, northern Greece. Her 2nd. Half-siblings. s.p.^7,8,2 Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia fled next to the court of Seleucus I, who he murdered at Lysimicheia while he was en route to Macedon, 0283/2 B.C., circa.² He fled first to the court of Lysimachus king of Thrace and Macedon 0284 B.C., circa.² He was disinherited from the Egyptian throne 0287/5 B.C..^9,2 He was born 0319/8 B.C., circa.² He was the son of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Eurydice.^1,2 Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia also went by the name of Ptolemy "the Thunderbolt" Keraunos means "the Thunderbolt."⁴

     Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria died 0281 B.C. At August/September, outside Lysimacheia. Assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus. Seleucus left India to the growing power of the Mauryas, but was about to add Thrace to his kingdom when, stepping out of the boat in Europe, he was assassinated by Ptolemy Ceraunus, whom he had taken in as a refugee. Ceraunus claimed the throne of Thrace and Macedon, while the rest of Seleucus' domain passed to his half-Iranian son Antiochus.^3,4,5 He defeated and killed Lysimachus 0281 B.C. At February, the Battle of Corupedium.⁶ He witnessed the death of Lysimachos, King of Thrace 0281 B.C. At February, the Battle of Corupedium; Killed in battle by Seleucus I.^7,4,6,8 Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria received the allegience of Philetaerus, Governor of Pergamum 0282 B.C.. He was a witness where Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum transferred his allegience to Seleucus I, the successor of Alexander the Great in Syria, who allowed him a far larger measure of independence that he had hitherto enjoyed, 0282 B.C.⁷ Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria was a witness where Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia fled next to the court of Seleucus I, who he murdered at Lysimicheia while he was en route to Macedon, 0283/2 B.C., circa.⁵ Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria was a witness where Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia sought refuge, and surrendered to Seleucus 0285 B.C.^4,9 Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria married Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia, daughter of Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia and Phila I, 0298 BCE at Rhosus, Syria; Her 1st.^10,11,12,13 Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria joined the confederacy against Macedonia and upon the defeat and death of King Antigonus I of Macedonia, obtained the largest share of the spoils, including the whole of Syria and a great part of Asia Minor, 0301 B.C..³ He witnessed the death of Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Phrygia, Asia Minor; Defeated and killed in battle by the other former generals of Alexander the Great, their perceiving him as a dire threat to them and they combined to eliminate him.^9,4,11,14 King of Syria 0301-0281 B.C..¹⁵ Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria conceded India to Chandragupta Maurya 0303 B.C..⁴ The Diadochi assume the title of Kings: Kassander assumed the title of King of Macedonia at the same time Ptolmey I took the title of King of Egypt, Seleukos I the title of King of Bablyon and Lysimachos King of Thrace. 0305 B.C.⁶ He assumed the title King of Babylon 0305 B.C..⁶ King of Babylon 0312-0302 B.C..³ He remained in Ptolemy's service 0316-0312 BCE.¹⁶ He was made Satrap of Babylon in the second partition of Alexander's former Empire 0321 B.C..³ Satrap of Babylon 0321-0312 B.C.. Alexander the Great's Empire dividing among the Macedonian Diadochi (successors) 0323 B.C. He witnessed the death of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia 0323 B.C. At June 13, Babylon; Died of a mysterious illness, probably of typhoid fever. His Generals were to divide his empire amongst them, quickly displacing his own line for theirs.¹⁷ Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria was the only one, of all the Macedonian nobles, who did not repudiate his wife after Alexander's death 0323 BCE.¹⁶ He married Apama II, daughter of Spitamenes, Satrap of Bactria and N. N. of Bithynia, 0324 BCE at Susa, Persia.^1,16 Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria commanded the Macedonian infantry against King Porus of India in battle on the Hydaspes River 0326 BCE.¹⁶ He was the son of Antiochus of Macedonia and Laodice (?).² Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria was born 0358 B.C. At circa.³ Also called Seleucus I Nicator Seleucid. Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria also went by the name of Seleucus "the Conqueror". Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Yarshater, E. 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vol.3#1, pp.4. ; 4. Hammond, N.G.L. and Walbank, F.W. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.III, pp.205. ; 5. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.734. "Nicator" is Greek for "the Conqueror."³

     Lysimachos, King of Thrace was a witness where Seleucus I Nicator, King of Syria defeated and killed Lysimachus 0281 B.C. At February, the Battle of Corupedium.² Lysimachos, King of Thrace died 0281 B.C. At February, the Battle of Corupedium. Killed in battle by Seleucus I.^3,4,2,5 He was a witness where Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum became ruler of Mysia and Troas on the death of the Macedonian General, Lysimachus 0281 B.C. At Asia Minor.⁶ Lysimachos, King of Thrace was the predecessor of Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia; King of Macedonia. Lysimachos, King of Thrace witnessed the death of Agathocles of Macedonia 0283/2 B.C., circa; Executed as a traitor by his father, at the instigation of his 3rd wife, Arsinoë II, daughter of Ptolemy, who was protecting the interests of her own children by him.^7,8 Lysimachos, King of Thrace was a witness where Ptolemy Ceraunus, King of Thrace and Macedonia fled first to the court of Lysimachus king of Thrace and Macedon 0284 B.C., circa.⁸ Lysimachos, King of Thrace drove Pyrrhus of Epirus out of Macedonia 0286 B.C. At circa.⁹ He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus obtained half of Macedonia and Thessaly before being driven back by Lysimachus 0286 B.C. At circa.⁹ Lysimachos, King of Thrace was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus drove Demetrius I out of Macedonia and sharing the throne with Lysimachus, but was dispossesed after a reign of only seven months, 0286 B.C.¹⁰ King of Macedonia 0287-0281 B.C.. Lysimachos, King of Thrace was a witness where Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia driven out of Macedonia by an alliance of Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, and Lysimachus, King of Thrace, 0288 B.C.^11,4 Lysimachos, King of Thrace was a witness where Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya most likely the dominant woman at the court of Lysimachus, and his favorite, at least for a while, given the fact that Lysimachus renamed the city of Ephesus in her honor.² Lysimachos, King of Thrace and Nicaea I were divorced 0300 B.C; Divorced in favor of Arsinoë.² Lysimachos, King of Thrace married Arsinoë II Philadelphus, Queen of Egypt and Libya, daughter of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia, 0300 B.C; His 3rd. Her 1st.^3,2,5 Lysimachos, King of Thrace had Philetaerus as Governor of his treasury in Pergamum 0302-0282 B.C..³ He was a witness where Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum served under Lysimachus, ruler of Thrace, who made him guardian of the fortress of Pergamum with its treasure of some 9,000 talents, 0302-0282 B.C.³ The Diadochi assume the title of Kings: Kassander assumed the title of King of Macedonia at the same time Ptolmey I took the title of King of Egypt, Seleukos I the title of King of Bablyon and Lysimachos King of Thrace. 0305 B.C.² Lysimachos, King of Thrace assumed the title King of Thrace 0305 B.C..² King of Thrace 0305-0281 B.C.. He was originally the bodyguard to Alexander the Great.² Alexander the Great's Empire dividing among the Macedonian Diadochi (successors) 0323 B.C. He was one of the diadochoi ("successors") to Alexander the Great 0323 B.C..³ He witnessed the death of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia 0323 B.C. At June 13, Babylon; Died of a mysterious illness, probably of typhoid fever. His Generals were to divide his empire amongst them, quickly displacing his own line for theirs.¹² Satrap of Thrace 0323-0305 B.C..³ Lysimachos, King of Thrace was among those who married Persian women at the urging of his commander, Alexander the Great, 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. He was a witness where Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia held a great victory celebration at Susa where he and 80 close associates married Iranian noblewomen 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. Lysimachos, King of Thrace married Nicaea I, daughter of Antipater of Macedonia, 0326 B.C. At circa; His 1st.² Lysimachos, King of Thrace was born 0345 B.C. At circa.^13,14 He was considered, by Plutarch, to be a polygamist and his court much like that of Philip II, father of Alexander the Great.² Sources: 1. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.733.

     Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt died 0282 B.C. At between January 7 and Summer, Alexandria, Egypt.^3,6,7 He made his son, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, co-ruler 0284 B.C. At January.³ He abdicated his throne 0285 B.C..⁸ He befriended his hostage, Pyrrhus of Epirus, and restored him to his kingdom 0297 B.C..¹ He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus befriended by his captor, Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, who, by supplying him with a fleet and forces, restored him to his kingdom where he became joint king of with Neoptolemus 0297 B.C.^1,9,10 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt ran Egypt like a business, strictly for profit 0300 B.C..¹¹ He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus sent to Alexandria as a hostage under a treaty between Ptolemy I Soter and Demetrius 0300 B.C. At after.^1,10 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt witnessed the death of Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Phrygia, Asia Minor; Defeated and killed in battle by the other former generals of Alexander the Great, their perceiving him as a dire threat to them and they combined to eliminate him.^12,13,14,15 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus fought beside Demetrius and gained great renown for his valour 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Asia Minor.^1,9,10 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt accepted a treaty with Demetrius of Macedonia, in which he recieved Pyrrhus of Epirus as hostage, 0302 B.C.. He was a witness where Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia made a treaty with Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, offering Pyrrhus of Epirus as a hostage, 0302 B.C.¹ The Diadochi assume the title of Kings: Kassander assumed the title of King of Macedonia at the same time Ptolmey I took the title of King of Egypt, Seleukos I the title of King of Bablyon and Lysimachos King of Thrace. 0305 B.C.⁸ Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt took the title of King, or Pharaoh, 0305 B.C. At November 7.³ King of Egypt 0305-0282 B.C.. He was defeated in battle by Demetrius I of Phrygia 0306 B.C. At Salamis, Cyprus.¹² He was a witness where Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia defeated Ptolemy I of Egypt in a great naval battle 0306 B.C. At Salamis, Cyprus.^12,16,17 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was agreed that he would marry Cleopatra, daughter of Philip II of Macedon and Olympias and full sister of Alexander III, but she was murdered before the marriage could take place by agents of Antigonus Monomachus 0308 B.C..¹⁶ A contract for the marriage of Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt and Cleopatra Temenid was signed 0308 B.C.. Did not occur.¹⁶ Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt married Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia, daughter of Magas of Macedonia and Antigone of Macedonia, 0317 B.C; His 4th. Her 2nd.^1,16 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt married Eurydice, daughter of Antipater of Macedonia, 0320/19 B.C; His 3rd.^1,4,3,8,16 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt took an Egyptian wife, the daughter of Pharaoh Nectanebo II, to secure his link back to the pharaonic line 0322 B.C. At circa.¹⁸ Alexander the Great's Empire dividing among the Macedonian Diadochi (successors) 0323 B.C. He was one of the Diadochi (successors) of Alexander the Great, appointed Satrap of Egypt and Libya 0323 B.C..¹² He witnessed the death of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia 0323 B.C. At June 13, Babylon; Died of a mysterious illness, probably of typhoid fever. His Generals were to divide his empire amongst them, quickly displacing his own line for theirs.¹⁹ Satrap of Egypt and Libya 0323-0305 B.C..¹² Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was among those who married Persian women at the urging of his commander, Alexander the Great, 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. He was a witness where Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia held a great victory celebration at Susa where he and 80 close associates married Iranian noblewomen 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was was appointed personal bodyguard (somatophylax) to Alexander the Great 0330 B.C.. He was a witness where Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia began his war against Persia, crossing the Hellespont (modern Dardanelles) with an army of 35,000 from Macedonia and 7,600 from other parts of Greece, and when he threw his spear from his ship to the coast and it stuck in the ground, he stepped onto the shore, pulled his weapon from the soil, and declared that the whole of Asia would be won by the spear, 0334 B.C. At Springtime. Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was the son of Lagus of Macedonia and Arsinoë I Argaead.^5,6 Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was born 0367/6 B.C. At the Canton of Eordaea, Macedonia.^6,7 Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 413. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732. Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt also went by the name of Ptolemy I "the Saviour" "Soter" is Greek for "saviour" or "preserver."⁶ He was said to be the son of the nobleman Lagus, a native of the Macedonian district of Eordaea whose family was undistinguished until Ptolemy's time, and of Arsinoe, who was related to the Macedonian Argead dynasty.^1,7 His mother was a former concubine of Philip II of Macedonia. Raised in the Macedonain court with Alexander the Great, the son of Philip II, some suspect Philip II may have been the father, and Alexander his half-brother.^20,7 "Soter" is Greek for "saviour" or "preserver."^1,6 He received the epithet "Soter" (saviour) from the Rhodians for his naval protection.⁷

     Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia died 0283 B.C. At Apamea. He died a captive of Seleucus.^5,6,3,7 He sought refuge, and surrendered to Seleucus 0285 B.C..^6,5 He was driven out of Macedonia by an alliance of Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, and Lysimachus, King of Thrace, 0288 B.C..^5,6 He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus went, before his kingdom was consolidated, to war with Demetrius 0291-0286 B.C.⁸ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia witnessed the death of Alexander V, King of Macedonia 0294 B.C., Spring or Summer; Murdered by Demetrius I Pliorcetes.⁵ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia murdered his rival, Alexander V of Macedonia, son of Cassander, and took Macedonia 0294 B.C..⁵ King of Macedonia 0294-0288 B.C..^5,9 He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus sent to Alexandria as a hostage under a treaty between Ptolemy I Soter and Demetrius 0300 B.C. At after.^10,11 Prince Demetrius of Macedonia, and Pyrrhus of Epirus. 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Asia Minor. Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia witnessed the death of Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Phrygia, Asia Minor; Defeated and killed in battle by the other former generals of Alexander the Great, their perceiving him as a dire threat to them and they combined to eliminate him.^5,6,3,12 Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus fought beside Demetrius and gained great renown for his valour 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Asia Minor.^10,8,11 Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia survived the defeat of his father and continued to control much of Greece and the Aegean 0301 B.C..⁶ He was a witness where Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt accepted a treaty with Demetrius of Macedonia, in which he recieved Pyrrhus of Epirus as hostage, 0302 B.C. Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia made a treaty with Ptolemy I Soter of Egypt, offering Pyrrhus of Epirus as a hostage, 0302 B.C..¹⁰ He was a witness where Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt defeated in battle by Demetrius I of Phrygia 0306 B.C. At Salamis, Cyprus.⁵ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was created King of Phrygia by his father, Antigonus Monophthalmos. 0306 B.C.. He defeated Ptolemy I of Egypt in a great naval battle 0306 B.C. At Salamis, Cyprus.^5,13,14 King of Phrygia 0306-0285 B.C.. He was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus allied himself with Demetrius, son of Antigonus I Monophthalmus, of Macedonia, at age twelve 0307 B.C.¹⁰ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia married Phila I, daughter of Antipater of Macedonia, 0320 B.C; Primary. Her 2nd (widow).^1,3,15,4,16 Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was born 0348 B.C.. He was the son of Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia and Stratonice of Thrace.^2,3,4 Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was a witness where Phila I held the highest place and honour among all the wives of Demetrius, as Antipater's daughter, and had been the wife of Craterus, and his father forced the marriage, notwithstanding the disparity of their years, for Demetrius was quite a youth, and she much older.^4,16 Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was the father of Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia; the son of Demetrius I by Phila.¹⁶ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia was the father of Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia; the daughter of Demetrius I by Phila.¹⁶ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia had not the height of his father Antigonus, though he was a tall man, but his countenance was one of such singular beauty and expression, that no painter or sculptor ever produced a good likeness of him, combining grace and strength, dignity with boyish bloom, and, in the midst of youthful heat and passion, what was hardest of all to represent was a certain heroic look and air of kingly greatness.¹⁶ Named for his uncle, who some say was his real father.¹⁶ He was father of no other children by his wife Phila but Antigonus and Stratonice.¹⁶ He was the most easy and agreeable of companions, and the most luxurious and delicate of princes in his drinking and banqueting and daily pleasures, so in action there was never anyone that showed a more vehement persistence, or a more passionate energy.¹⁶ "Demetrius had not the height of his father Antigonus, though he was a tall man. But his countenance was one of such singular beauty and expression that no painter or sculptor ever produced a good likeness of him. It combined grace and strength, dignity with boyish bloom, and, in the midst of youthful heat and passion, what was hardest of all to represent was a certain heroic look and air of kingly greatness."⁴ Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia also went by the name of Demetrius "the Besieger".⁹ "Poliorcetes" is Greek for "Besieger of Cities."⁵ He was the son of Antigonus by his wife, Stratonice, the daughter of Corrhaeus.¹⁶ He "During his present leisure in Athens, he took to wife Eurydice, a descendant of the ancient Miltiades, who had been married to Opheltas, the ruler of Cyrene, and after his death had come back to Athens. The Athenians took the marriage as a compliment and favour to the city.".⁴ He married Lanassa the Syracusan, daughter of Tyrant of Syracuse Agathocles the Syracusan; Her 2nd (divorcee).^3,4

     Agathocles of Macedonia died 0283/2 B.C., circa. Executed as a traitor by his father, at the instigation of his 3rd wife, Arsinoë II, daughter of Ptolemy, who was protecting the interests of her own children by him.^1,3 He had sons.² He proved to be a capable general in his own right, gaining popularity among the people.² He married the half-sister of Arsinoë, his father's 3rd wife.² He was the son of Lysimachos, King of Thrace and Nicaea I.^1,2,3 Agathocles of Macedonia was born 0325-0300 B.C..

     Phila I died 0287 BC. She married Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia, son of Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia and Stratonice of Thrace, 0320 B.C; Primary. Her 2nd (widow).^1,2,3,4,5 Phila I was born 0340 B.C. At circa. She was the daughter of Antipater of Macedonia.^1,2,3,4 Phila I was held the highest place and honour among all the wives of Demetrius, as Antipater's daughter, and had been the wife of Craterus, and his father forced the marriage, notwithstanding the disparity of their years, for Demetrius was quite a youth, and she much older.^4,5 Sources: 2. Hammond, N.G.L. and Walbank, F.W. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.III, pp.128. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732. She was the mother of Antigonus II Gonatas, King of Macedonia; the son of Demetrius I by Phila.⁵ Phila I was the mother of Stratonike I, Queen of Upper Asia; the daughter of Demetrius I by Phila.⁵

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Crimthann Coscrach mac Feradaig Find Fechtnaig Uí Éremóin was the son of Feradach Find Fechtnag mac Fedelmid Fortríuin Fir Benn Uí Éremóin.¹ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Crimthann Coscrach mac Feradaig Find Fechtnaig Uí Éremóin died 0288 B.C..² 85th Monarch of Ireland 0292-0288 B.C.. Also called mac Feradaig Find Fechtnaig.¹

     Tyrant of Syracuse Agathocles the Syracusan died 0289 B.C..²

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Énna Aignech mac Áengusa Uí Éremóin died 0292 B.C.. Slain in battle by his successor Criomthann Cusgrach.¹ 84th Monarch of Ireland 0312-0292 B.C.. He was the father of Essamain Emna mac Bláthechta Uí Éremóin; the son of Eanna Aigneach per O'Hart.⁴ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Énna Aignech mac Áengusa Uí Éremóin was born. The eldest son.³ Also called Enna Aigneach.⁵ He was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Tuirbheach Teamhrach mac Fer Uí Éremóin and N. N. (?).^2,3

     Alexander V, King of Macedonia died 0294 B.C., Spring or Summer. Murdered by Demetrius I Pliorcetes.¹ King of Macedonia 0297-0294 B.C..^2,1,3 He was born 0332 B.C. At circa. He was the son of Cassander, King of Macedonia.¹

     Antigone of Macedonia died 0295 B.C.. She possibly died in childbirth.³ She married Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus, son of Aeacides, King of Epirus and Phthia of Pharsalus, 0299/8 B.C; His 1st.^1,2,4,3 Antigone of Macedonia met Pyrrhus at the court of her mother and step-father, Ptolemy, where he was held hostage 0300 B.C.. She was the daughter of Philip of Macedonia and Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia.^1,2,3 Antigone of Macedonia was born 0317 B.C., before.³ She was one of the daughters of Berenice by Philip.⁴

     Cassander, King of Macedonia died 0297 B.C..¹ He was the predecessor of Alexander V, King of Macedonia; King of Macedonia.^3,4,2 Cassander, King of Macedonia was a witness where Pyrrhus I, King of Epirus dethroned in an uprising instigated by Cassander, who prevailed on the Epirots to expel their young king, 0302 B.C.⁵ Cassander, King of Macedonia urged the Epirots to remove their Molossian King, Pyrrhus, 0302 B.C..⁵ The Diadochi assume the title of Kings: Kassander assumed the title of King of Macedonia at the same time Ptolmey I took the title of King of Egypt, Seleukos I the title of King of Bablyon and Lysimachos King of Thrace. 0305 B.C.⁶ He assumed the title of King of Macedonia 0305 B.C..⁶ He witnessed the death of Roxane of Sogdia 0310 B.C; Murdered by Cassander.⁷ Cassander, King of Macedonia murdereded Roxane, the widow of Alexander the Great, and Alexander IV, his son 0310 B.C.. He witnessed the death of Alexander IV Aegus, King of Macedonia 0311 B.C; Alexander Aegus was thirteen when he died. Nothing else is known about him. He was murdered by Cassander.⁸ King of Macedonia 0316-0298 B.C..^9,10 Cassander, King of Macedonia was the son of Antipater of Macedonia.¹ Cassander, King of Macedonia was born 0358 B.C. At circa.¹ He was a witness where Queen of Egypt Berenice I of Macedonia the granddaughter(?) of Cassander, the son of Antipater.¹ Also called King Cassander of Macedonia.

     Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia died 0301 B.C. At the Battle of Ipsus, Phrygia, Asia Minor. Defeated and killed in battle by the other former generals of Alexander the Great, their perceiving him as a dire threat to them and they combined to eliminate him.^4,5,6,3 He was the first of Alexander the Great's generals to proclaim himself a King in his own right, in Phrygia, 0306 B.C..⁵ King of Phrygia 0306-0301 B.C.. He witnessed the death of Cleopatra Temenid 0308 B.C; She was murdered before the marriage could take place by agents of Antigonus Monomachus.⁷ Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia witnessed the marriage of Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia and Phila I 0320 B.C; Primary. Her 2nd (widow).^8,6,9,10,11 Alexander the Great's Empire dividing among the Macedonian Diadochi (successors) 0323 B.C. Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia was one of the Diadochi (successors) of Alexander the Great, and claimed, at various times, Syria, Persia, and Greece, as well as Macedonia 0323 B.C..⁴ He witnessed the death of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia 0323 B.C. At June 13, Babylon; Died of a mysterious illness, probably of typhoid fever. His Generals were to divide his empire amongst them, quickly displacing his own line for theirs.¹² Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia was served by Philetaerus in Pergamum 0323-0302 B.C..¹³ He was a witness where Philetaeros, Governor of Pergamum served under Antigonus I Monophthalmus, successor to Alexander the Great in Phrygia, until he abandoned the Antigonids for their rival, Lysimachus 0323-0302 B.C.¹³ Satrap of Macedonia 0323-0306 B.C.. Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia was appointed to the governorship of Phrygia 0333 B.C..³ Governor of Phrygia at Asia Minor 0333 B.C..³ He was a witness where Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia began his war against Persia, crossing the Hellespont (modern Dardanelles) with an army of 35,000 from Macedonia and 7,600 from other parts of Greece, and when he threw his spear from his ship to the coast and it stuck in the ground, he stepped onto the shore, pulled his weapon from the soil, and declared that the whole of Asia would be won by the spear, 0334 B.C. At Springtime. Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia married Stratonice of Thrace, daughter of King Corrhaeus of Thrace, 0350 B.C.^14,10 Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia was the son of Philip of Elimea.^2,3 Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia was born 0382 B.C. At probably Macedonia, the Balkan Peninsula.^4,3 Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 427. ; 2. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732. Antigonus I Monophthalamos, King of Phrygia also went by the name of Antigonus I "the One-Eyed". "Monophthalmus" is Greek for "one-eyed."⁴ It is not known how he lost his eye.³ He was so described: a tall man.³ He was the father of Demetrius I Poliorcetes, King of Phrygia and Macedonia; the son of Antigonus by his wife, Stratonice, the daughter of Corrhaeus.¹¹

     Cleopatra Temenid was the daughter of Philip II, King of Macedonia and Olympias, Princess of Epirus.¹ A contract for the marriage of Cleopatra Temenid and Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt was signed 0308 B.C.. Did not occur.¹ Cleopatra Temenid died 0308 B.C.. She was murdered before the marriage could take place by agents of Antigonus Monomachus.¹ She was the full sister of Alexander III "the Great" of Macedonia.¹

     Roxane of Sogdia died 0310 B.C.. Murdered by Cassander.¹ She was a witness where Cassander, King of Macedonia murdereded Roxane, the widow of Alexander the Great, and Alexander IV, his son 0310 B.C. Roxane of Sogdia married Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia, son of Philip II, King of Macedonia and Olympias, Princess of Epirus, 0327 B.C. At Balkh, Afghanistan; He married the daughter of the chief of a group of Sogdian rebels.¹ Roxane of Sogdia was the daughter of Oxyartes of Sogdia.¹ Roxane of Sogdia was born 0347 B.C..

     Alexander IV Aegus, King of Macedonia noted as King of Egypt nominally ruling from 317 to 305 B.C., despite being killed in 311/10 BC.² He was a witness where Cassander, King of Macedonia murdereded Roxane, the widow of Alexander the Great, and Alexander IV, his son 0310 B.C. Alexander IV Aegus, King of Macedonia died 0311 B.C.. Alexander Aegus was thirteen when he died. Nothing else is known about him. He was murdered by Cassander.² King of Egypt 0317-0305 B.C..³ King of Macedonia at the Balkan Peninsula 0323-0311 B.C..⁴ He was born 0323 B.C.. Roxane was pregnant when Alexander died. He was the son of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia and Roxane of Sogdia.¹ Also called King Alexander IV of Egypt.³ His Egyptian throne name, Haa-ib-re Setep-en-amun, means "Jubilant is the Heart of Re, Chosen by Amun."³

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Nia Segaman mac Amadair Uí Éber was the son of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Amadair Flidais Foltchaín mac Fer Uí Éber.² Ard-rí na h'Éireann Nia Segaman mac Amadair Uí Éber died 0312 B.C..¹ In his time the wild deer were, through the sorcery and witchcraft of his mother, usually driven home with the cows, and tamely suffered themselves to be milked every day.³ 83rd Monarch of Ireland 0319-0312 B.C..⁴ Also called Niadhsedhaman.⁴

     Olympias, Princess of Epirus died 0316 B.C.. Murdered. She witnessed the death of Cleopatra of Macedonia 0336 B.C; On Philip's death, Olympias rid herself of rivals as well. Philip's last bride had given birth to her second daughter, and Olympias is said to have had the child killed in the mother's presence before forcing the unhappy woman to hang herself. Olympias, Princess of Epirus married Philip II, King of Macedonia, son of Amyntas III, King of Macedonia and Eurydice Sirra of the Lyncestians, 0357 B.C; Primary wife.^3,2 Olympias, Princess of Epirus was born 0375 B.C. At Epirus, Molossian Kingdom (now Albania).^3,2 She was the daughter of Neoptolemus I, King of Epirus.² Olympias, Princess of Epirus was the mother of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia; the son of Philip II and Olympias (daughter of King Neoptolemus of Epirus), and "Through my father Philip I was born of the line of the deified Heracles, grandson of Zues, and born of the line of Achilles through my mother, Olympias." - Alexander.^4,5 Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, pp.215. ; 2. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, pp.305. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732.

     Philip III Arrhidaeus, King of Macedonia died 0316 B.C.. King of Persia 0323-0316 B.C.. King of Macedonia 0323-0317 B.C..² He had his life spared when his half-brother, Alexander III, was executing possible claimant's to the Macedonian throne 0336 B.C.. He was the son of Philip II, King of Macedonia.² Philip III Arrhidaeus, King of Macedonia was born 0354 B.C.. Born retarded, supposedly because his father's primary wife, Olympius, caused this disability with poison. His Egyptian throne name, Mery-amun Setep-en-re, means "Beloved of Amun, Chosen by Re."³ Also called King Philip III of Macedonia.

     Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia died 0317 B.C.. He was appointed Satrap of Armenia by Alexander the Great 0330 B.C..² He was named by Alexander to be Satrap of Armenia 0331 B.C..¹ Satrap of Armenia at Macedonian Empire 0331-0317 B.C..³ He passed to Alexander 0344 B.C..¹ Iranian Governor of Sardis.¹ He was the son of Orontes II, Satrap of Armenia.¹ Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia was born 0370 B.C..²

     Antipater of Macedonia died 0319 B.C..¹ He became regent, by the settlement at Triparadisus, Syria, of the Macedonian Empire for the two kings: the intellectually retarded Philip III Arrhidaeus and the infant Alexander IV 0321 B.C..¹ Regent of the Macedonian Empire 0321-0319 B.C..¹ He was appointed regent by Alexander the Great in Macedonia with the title of general in Europe, his main task to hold the northern frontiers against hostile tribes and to keep order among the Greek states, 0334 B.C..¹ Regent of Macedonia at the Balkan Peninsula 0334-0323 B.C..¹ He one of the leading men in Macedonia at the death of Philip II and helped secure the succession to the Macedonian throne for Philip's son, Alexander the Great 0336 B.C..¹ He was the son of Ioiaos of Macedonia.² Antipater of Macedonia was born 0397 B.C. At circa.¹ He was ancestor of the Antipatrids, originally distant collateral relatives of the Argaead royal family.³ Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 413. ; 2. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 427. ; 3. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, 130. ; 4. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732.

     Menon IV of Pharsalus was the son of _____ of Pharsalus.¹ Menon IV of Pharsalus died 0321 B.C..¹ He was a man of note at the time of the Lamiac war, and of highest command in the confederate army next to Leosthenes.²

     Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was a witness where Lysimachos, King of Thrace originally the bodyguard to Alexander the Great.² Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia died 0323 B.C. At June 13, Babylon. Died of a mysterious illness, probably of typhoid fever. His Generals were to divide his empire amongst them, quickly displacing his own line for theirs.³ He was a witness where Lysimachos, King of Thrace among those who married Persian women at the urging of his commander, Alexander the Great, 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was a witness where Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt among those who married Persian women at the urging of his commander, Alexander the Great, 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia held a great victory celebration at Susa where he and 80 close associates married Iranian noblewomen 0324 B.C. At Springtime, Susa, Persia. In addition, he legitimized previous so-called marriages between soldiers and native women and gave them rich wedding gifts, no doubt to encourage such unions. He continued his India campaign. One of the villages in which the army stopped belonged to the Malli, who were said to be one of the most warlike of the Indian tribes. Alexander was wounded several times in this attack, most seriously when an arrow pierced his breastplate and his ribcage. The Macedonian officers rescued him in a narrow escape from the village. Alexander and his army reached the mouth of the Indus and turned westward for home 0325 B.C. At July. He fought his greatest battle in India against Porus, one of the most powerful Indian leaders, at the river Hydaspes 0326 B.C. At July. Alexander's army crossed the heavily defended river in dramatic fashion during a violent thunderstorm to meet Porus' forces. The Indians were defeated in a fierce battle, even though they fought with elephants, which the Macedonians had never before seen. Alexander captured Porus and, like the other local rulers he had defeated, allowed him to continue to govern his territory. Alexander even subdued an independent province and granted it to Porus as a gift. He marched with his army into India invading Punjab as far as the river Hyphasis (modern Beas) 0327 B.C.. At this point the Macedonians rebelled and refused to go farther. He married Roxane of Sogdia, daughter of Oxyartes of Sogdia, 0327 B.C. At Balkh, Afghanistan; He married the daughter of the chief of a group of Sogdian rebels.⁴ An unknown place ; Alexander the Great gave Darius a royal burial and pursued his murders, who were executed on a charge of regicide.⁵ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia continued his pursuit of Darius for hundreds of miles from Persepolis 0330 B.C.. When he finally caught up to him, he found the Persian king dead in his coach, assassinated by his own men. Alexander had the assassin executed and gave Darius a royal funeral. He was troubled by some of his officer's who felt he was becoming too "Oriental" 0330 B.C.. A series of allegations was brought against some of Alexander's officers concerning a plot to murder him. Alexander tortured and executed his friend, Philotas (commander of the cavalry) the accused leader of the conspiracy, and several other high-ranking officials in order to eliminate the possibility of an attempt on his life. He was a witness where Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia appointed Satrap of Armenia by Alexander the Great 0330 B.C.⁶ King of Persia 0330-0323 B.C.. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia the Macedonian and Persian armies met on the battlefield, and the Macedonian forces swept through the Persian army and slaughtered them 0331 B.C. At October 1. Darius fled as he had done at Issus to the mountain residence of Ecbatana, while Alexander occupied Babylon, the imperial capital Susa, and Persepolis. Henceforth, Alexander was proclaimed king of Persia, and to win the support of the Persian aristocracy he appointed mainly Persians as provincial governors. After four months, the Macedonians burned the royal palace to the ground thus completing the end of the ancient Persian Empire. He left Egypt to renew his campaign against the Persians under Darius 0331 B.C..⁷ He was welcomed into Egypt with open arms following the oppressive rule of the Persians 0332 B.C.. "While there he visited the Oracle of Amon, at Siwa, where he was declared "the son of Amon." Exactly how this happened is unclear. One story is that either upon entering or exiting the temple he was greeted by the priest as "my son." Alexander's army and followers were not in a strategic position to see the priest and thought the words came from the god himself. However it happened, from that point on Alexander was instated as a son of god, like the pharaohs of old."⁷ King of Egypt 0332-0323 B.C..⁸ He met Darius III of Persia in battle for the second time at a mountain pass at Issus, in northeastern Syria, and defeated him 0333 B.C. At the Battle of Issus. He was a witness where King of Persia and Egypt Darius III Codomannus Achaemenid defeated by Alexander the Great 0333 BCE, November at the Battle of Issus.⁹ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was a witness where Antipater of Macedonia appointed regent by Alexander the Great in Macedonia with the title of general in Europe, his main task to hold the northern frontiers against hostile tribes and to keep order among the Greek states, 0334 B.C.¹⁰ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia encountered the Persian army under King Darius III at the crossing of the river Granicus, near the ancient city of Troy 0334 B.C.. Alexander attacked an army of Persians and Greek hoplites (a heavily armed foot soldiers of ancient Greece) who distinguished themselves on the side of the Persians against the Macedonians. Alexander's forces defeated the enemy (totaling 40,000 men) and, according to tradition, lost only 110 men. He began his war against Persia, crossing the Hellespont (modern Dardanelles) with an army of 35,000 from Macedonia and 7,600 from other parts of Greece, and when he threw his spear from his ship to the coast and it stuck in the ground, he stepped onto the shore, pulled his weapon from the soil, and declared that the whole of Asia would be won by the spear, 0334 B.C. At Springtime. He was a witness where Antipater of Macedonia one of the leading men in Macedonia at the death of Philip II and helped secure the succession to the Macedonian throne for Philip's son, Alexander the Great 0336 B.C.¹⁰ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was the first king to be called "the Great" 0336 B.C.. He witnessed the death of Amyntas IV, Heir of Macedonia 0336 B.C; He was one of several rival claimants to the throne who Alexander "the Great" had executed. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was a witness where Philip III Arrhidaeus, King of Macedonia had his life spared when his half-brother, Alexander III, was executing possible claimant's to the Macedonian throne 0336 B.C. King of Macedonia at the Balkan Peninsula 0336-0323 B.C..¹¹ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia witnessed the marriage of Philip II, King of Macedonia and Cleopatra of Macedonia 0338 B.C.¹¹ Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was made regent of Macedonia while his father went to Byzantium to fight rebels 0340 B.C.. He became friends with a handsome boy his age named Hephaestion. It is possible that they were lovers. Homosexuality was accepted in Greece at that time; Alexander's father had many male lovers. All that is known for sure is that Alexander and Hephaestion remained devoted to each other throughout their lives 0341 B.C.. He a pupil of Aristotle, who was hired as his private tutor, and gave Alexander a thorough training in rhetoric and literature and stimulated his interest in science, medicine, and philosophy, all of which became of the utmost importance for Alexander in his later life, 0343-0340 B.C..³ He was the son of Philip II, King of Macedonia and Olympias, Princess of Epirus. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia was born 0356 B.C. At Pella, ancient Macedonia. "Alexander was born the sixth of Hecatombaeon, which month the Macedonians call Lous, the same day that the temple of Diana at Ephesus was burnt; which Hegesias of Magnesia makes the occasion of a conceit, frigid enough to have stopped the conflagration. The temple, he says, took fire and was burnt while its mistress was absent, assisting at the birth of Alexander." - Plutarch's Lives.^12,4,11,3,13 His Egyptian throne name, Mery-amun Setep-en-re, means "Beloved of Amun, Chosen by Re."⁸ He was on his father's side, descended from Hercules by Caranus, and on his mother's side from Aeacus by Neoptolemus.¹³ He was the son of Philip II and Olympias (daughter of King Neoptolemus of Epirus), and "Through my father Philip I was born of the line of the deified Heracles, grandson of Zues, and born of the line of Achilles through my mother, Olympias." - Alexander.^12,3 Sources: 1. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732. ; 2. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. Supposed to have been fair skinned, with a ruddy tinge to his face and chest. Plutarch stated that he had a pleasing scent. Like all Macedonians, Alexander liked his liquor; his fondness for wine also caused some of his outbursts of rage. Alexander liked drama, the flute and the lyre, poetry and hunting but what he truly wanted in his life, was a glory and valor, rather than easy living and riches. He was not fond of athletic contests.¹³ Also called King Alexander III of Egypt. Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia also went by the name of Alexander III "the Great".

     Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Tuirbheach Teamhrach mac Fer Uí Éremóin was the son of Fer Cetharrad mac Fer Uí Éremóin.³ Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Tuirbheach Teamhrach mac Fer Uí Éremóin died 0324 B.C. At Teamhair, Ireland.^1,2 81st Monarch of Ireland 0384-0324 B.C.. Also called Aongus Turmeach-Teamreach.⁴ He associated with N. N. ingen Áengusa Uí Éremóin, daughter of Ard-rí na h'Éireann Áengus Tuirbheach Teamhrach mac Fer Uí Éremóin; Father-daughter.² He married N. N. (?); His wife.²

     Artabazos III, Satrap of Daskyleon died 0325 B.C.. He retired 0328 B.C..³ Satrap of Daskyleon at Anatolia, Persian Empire, 0362-0328 B.C., circa.² He was the son of Pharnabazos II, Satrap of Daskyleon and Apama Achaemenid.² Artabazos III, Satrap of Daskyleon was born 0385 B.C.. He was the father-in-law of Ptolemy I, and a maternal grandson of Artaxerxes II.² Also called Artabazus II of Bithynia.³ Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Gershevitch, I. (ed.) 'The Cambridge History of Iran' Vo. 2, pp.377.

     Spitamenes, Satrap of Bactria died 0328 BC.² Satrap of Bactria at Persian Empire 0329-0328 B.C.. He married N. N. of Bithynia, daughter of Artabazos III, Satrap of Daskyleon, 0341 B.C.² Spitamenes, Satrap of Bactria was born 0365 BC.² Sources: 1. Stuart, R.W. 'Royalty for Commoners', line 414. ; 2. Bryan, K. 'Davidic Descents to the House of Plantagenet' Augustan, Vol. XXV, 16-23. ; 3. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.734.

     . Alexander the Great gave Darius a royal burial and pursued his murders, who were executed on a charge of regicide.² He died 0330 B.C.. He was killed by Bessus, the Achaemenid satrap (governor) of Bactria and Sogdiana, Darius' own satrap, after the bitter defeats at the hands of Alexander the Great.^1,3 He was a witness where Orontes II, Satrap of Armenia led the Armenian auxiliaries of Darius III in the Battle of Gaugamelia 0331 B.C., October 1.⁴ King of Persia and Egypt Darius III Codomannus Achaemenid was again defeated by the Macedonians 0331 BCE, October 1 at the Battle of Gaugamela.⁵ He was defeated by Alexander the Great 0333 BCE, November at the Battle of Issus.⁶ He murdered King of Persia and Egypt Arses Achaemenid 0336 BCE, June; He was murdered by his successor, Darius III.^7,8 King of Persia and Egypt Darius III Codomannus Achaemenid was placed on the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had poisoned the two previous kings, Artaxerxes III and Arses, 0336 BCE.⁵ King of Persia 0336-0330 BCE.⁵ King of Egypt 0336-0332 B.C..⁹ He was the predecessor of King of Persia and Egypt Arses Achaemenid; King of Persia and Egypt.⁸ King of Persia and Egypt Darius III Codomannus Achaemenid was born 0380 B.C. At circa. He married Stateira of Persia; Brother/sister.¹

     Orontes II, Satrap of Armenia led the Armenian auxiliaries of Darius III in the Battle of Gaugamelia 0331 B.C., October 1.¹ He died 0331 B.C..² He was the predecessor of Mithranes, Satrap of Armenia; Satrap of Armenia.³ Satrap of Armenia at Persian Empire 0344-0331 B.C.. Orontes II, Satrap of Armenia was born 0400 B.C..² He was the son of Orontes I, Satrap of Armenia and Rhodogune Achaemenid.¹

     Stateira of Persia died 0331 B.C..¹ She married King of Persia and Egypt Darius III Codomannus Achaemenid; Brother/sister.¹

     Philip II, King of Macedonia was buried in the Royal Tombs at Aigai, (Vergina), Imathia, Macedonia, (Greece). The royal tomb excavated in 1977 at Vergina, near Saloníka, is believed to be Philip's.³ He died 0336 B.C. At the Theater of Aigai, (Vergina), Imathia, Macedonia, (Greece). He was assassinated on the eve of launching a large invasion on Persia.⁴ He defeated the Athenians 0338 B.C. At the Battle of Chaeronea, Greece. Philip's army was greatly outnumbered by the Athenian and Theban forces, yet his phalanxes overwhelmed the Athenians and Thebans. He married Cleopatra of Macedonia 0338 B.C.² Philip II, King of Macedonia captured the Thracian town of Crenides 0355 B.C. At Thrace. He captured Potidea in Chalcidice, and Pydna on the Thermaic Gulf 0356 B.C.. He conquered the Athenian colony of Amphipolis 0357 B.C. At Thrace. He married Olympias, Princess of Epirus, daughter of Neoptolemus I, King of Epirus, 0357 B.C; Primary wife.^5,2 Philip II, King of Macedonia defeated the Illyrians 0358 B.C.. King of Macedonia 0359-0336 B.C..⁶ He was made regent for his infant nephew Amyntas, whose throne he promptly usurped 0360 B.C.. He returned to Macedonia 0364 B.C.. He associated with Arsinoë I Argaead, daughter of Meleagros Argaead; Concubine.⁷ Philip II, King of Macedonia was a hostage 0367-0365 B.C. At Thebes, Greece. He was the son of Amyntas III, King of Macedonia and Eurydice Sirra of the Lyncestians. Philip II, King of Macedonia was born 0382 B.C. At Pella, ancient Macedonia. He was the son of Amyntas III and Eurydice Sirra.⁸ He made an alliance with the Goths and took to wife Medopa, the daughter of King Gudila, so that he might render the kingdom of Macedon more secure by the help of this marriage.⁹ He married Olympias, from the royal house of Molossia, for the primary reason to create an alliance and strengthen loyalty. He was Sources: 1. Hammond, N.G.L. and Griffith, G.T. 'A History of Macedonia' Vol.II, pp.305. ; 2. Green, P. 'Alexander to Actium' pp.732.. He was the father of Alexander III "the Great", King of Macedonia; the son of Philip II and Olympias (daughter of King Neoptolemus of Epirus), and "Through my father Philip I was born of the line of the deified Heracles, grandson of Zues, and born of the line of Achilles through my mother, Olympias." - Alexander.^10,11

     Cleopatra of Macedonia died 0336 B.C.. On Philip's death, Olympias rid herself of rivals as well. Philip's last bride had given birth to her second daughter, and Olympias is said to have had the child killed in the mother's presence before forcing the unhappy woman to hang herself. She married Philip II, King of Macedonia, son of Amyntas III, King of Macedonia and Eurydice Sirra of the Lyncestians, 0338 B.C.¹ The family essentially was split apart irreparably when Philip married a woman named Cleopatra, a Macedonian. At the wedding banquet, Cleopatra's father made a remark about Philip fathering a "legitimate" heir, i.e., one that was pure Macedonian. Alexander took exception and threw his cup at the man, and some sources say Alexander killed him. Enraged, Philip stood up and charged at Alexander, only to trip and fall on his face in his drunken stupor. Alexander, rather upset at the scene, is to have shouted: "Here is the man who was making ready to cross from Europe to Asia, and who cannot even cross from one table to another without losing his balance." Cleopatra of Macedonia was the niece of Attalos.¹

     Amyntas IV, Heir of Macedonia died 0336 B.C.. He was one of several rival claimants to the throne who Alexander "the Great" had executed. He was a witness where Philip II, King of Macedonia made regent for his infant nephew Amyntas, whose throne he promptly usurped 0360 B.C. Amyntas IV, Heir of Macedonia was the son of Perdiccas III, King of Macedonia. Amyntas IV, Heir of Macedonia was born 0364 B.C. At circa. "No more, perhaps much less, than eight" when his father was killed in 360 B.C.¹

     King of Persia and Egypt Arses Achaemenid died 0336 BCE, June. He was murdered by his successor, Darius III.^2,3 He was placed on the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had murdered Arses' father and all his brothers November 338 BCE.³ King of Persia and Egypt November 338-June 336 BCE.³ He was the son of King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid.^3,1 King of Persia and Egypt Arses Achaemenid was born 0385 BCE, circa. He was youngest son of Artaxerxes III Ochus and Atossa.³

     King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid died 0338 BCE at Persia. He was murdered, along with his elder sons, by his eunuch Bagoas.^2,3 He was the successor of King of Persia and Egypt Arses Achaemenid; King of Persia and Egypt.⁴ King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid recovered the Egyptian throne for Persia 0343 B.C..⁵ He advanced on Egypt with a great land and naval force and, at Pelusium in the Nile River delta, defeated the pharaoh Nectanebo II 0343 BCE.³ King of Egypt 0343-0338 B.C..⁵ He collected a great army and marched against the Phoenician city of Sidon 0345 BCE.³ He attempted to subjugate Egypt, which had been independent since 404 BCE, but failed at first 0351 BCE.³ He forced Athens to conclude peace and to acknowledge the independence of its rebellious allies 0355 BCE.³ He ordered all the satraps (governors) of the Achaemenid empire to dismiss their mercenaries 0356 BCE.³ He witnessed the death of Ariaspes Achaemenid 0359 B.C; "[Ochus] suborned the king's eunuchs and favourites to convey to [Ariaspes] menacing and harsh expressions from his father, as though he had decreed to put him to a cruel and ignominious death. When they daily communicated these things as secrets, and told him at one time that the king would do so to him ere long, and at another, that the blow was actually close impending, they so alarmed the young man, struck such a terror into him, and cast such a confusion and anxiety upon his thoughts, that, having prepared some poisonous drugs, he drank them, that he might be delivered from his life.⁶ King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid witnessed the death of Arsames Achaemenid 0359 B.C; Killed by his half-brother, Ochus, who thought him a threat.⁶ King of Persia 0359-0338 B.C..¹ King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid was born 0415 B.C. At circa. He was the son of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt and Statira of Armenia.¹ King of Persia and Egypt Artaxerxes III Ochus Achaemenid was a cruel but energetic ruler who, to secure his throne, put to death most of his relatives.³ Also called Artakhšaça III Hakhâmanišiya old-Persian.¹ He was the younger [son] who was known as being "hot and violent".⁶ He was first named Ochus, and changed his name to Artaxerxes on his ascension to the throne.⁶ He sought to influence his father against his older brother, the rightful heir, by using his sister, and his father's consort, Atossa, with whom he probably also had too intimate a correspondance with, and proposing that she marry him and be his queen.⁶

     Orontobates died 0339/7 B.C..^4,3 He was born 0365 B.C..⁴ He was the son of Ariobarzanes II, Satrap of Chios.^2,3

     Orontes I, Satrap of Armenia died 0344 B.C..¹ He led the Satrap's Revolt against Artaxerxes II 0366-0360 B.C..¹ He one of the Satraps who aided Artaxerxes II of Persia in the battle against his brother Cyrus, for which service he was given Artaxerxes daughter in marriage 0401 B.C. At the Battle of Kounaxa, Babylon.² He was the first of the Ervand/Orontid Dynasty which ruled from c. 401 to 200 B.C.. He married Rhodogune Achaemenid, daughter of Artaxerxes II Mnemon, King of Persia and Egypt and Statira of Armenia, 0401 B.C.^2,3,1 Satrap of Armenia at Persian Empire 0401-0344 B.C..^4,1 Orontes I, Satrap of Armenia was the son of Artasyras.¹ Orontes I, Satrap of Armenia was born 0420 B.C..⁵ Orontes I's wife Rhodogune was Artaxerxes II's child by his Hydarnid wife Stateira (along with Darius, Ariaspes, and Artaxerxes III) and that, consequently, Orontes II was a descendent of the Hydarnids, as of the Achaemenids, in th female line. If Orontes I was not related to Hydarnids, at least his son was, and so they became the Satraps.⁶ Also called Orontes Greek.⁴ Also called Ervand I, Satrap of Armenia.