Subject: Re: Native American Counties From: Steven J. Coker Date: July 14, 1998 Michael.W.Lowe wrote: > > Could someone please tell me which county or counties in South Carolina > had more native americans? My ggg grandmother was from South Carolina. > > Thanks, > Janice Lowe It depends on which time period and which groups you are interested in. There were many tribes and relations with the Carolinians changed over the years. Here is a little bit of history about Native Americans according to Ramsay. There were about 20 or more Native American nations, or tribes, spread throughout South Carolina when the English arrived. In about 1680 the Westoes, located between Charleston and Edisto, made war against the settlers at Charleston. A peace was concluded the following year. in 1702 or 1703 Governor Moore led a body of white men and Indian allies against the Apalachian Indians [sic] who had, by their connection with the Spaniards, become troublesome. They laid in ashes the towns of those tribes who lived between the Alatamaha and Savannah, captured many, and obliged others to submit to English government. In 1712 the Indians of North Carolina conspired against the settlers. The powerful tribes of the Corees, Tuscororas, and others united. The sent out small parties, by different roads, which entered settlements under the mask of friendship. They had agreed to begin their attack on the same night. When that night came, they entered the planters' houses, demanded provisions, were displeased with them, and then murdered men, women, and children without mercy. About Roanoke one hundred and thirty-seven settlers fell in one night. Governor Craven lost no time forwarding a force to their assistance. The Assembly voted four thousand pounds for the service of the war. A body of militia, with 600 men under the command of Colonel Barnwell marched to war. They were joined in the expedition by 218 Cherokees under the command of Captains Harford and Turston, 79 Creeks under Captain Hastings, 49 Catabaws under Captain Cantey, and 28 Yamassees under Captain Pierce. To reach North Carolina in time for the relief of the people, the utmost expedition was requisite. There was no road through the woods upon which either horses or carriages could conveniently pass. In spite of every difficulty, Barnwell advanced. In the first battle, 300 hundred Indians were killed and about 100 were taken prisoners. The Tuscororas retreated to their town, within a wooden breast-work. There they were surrounded, many of them killed, and the remainder forced to sue for peace. In this expedition it is estimated that Barnwell killed, wounded, and captured nearly 1,000 Tuscororas. The survivors abandoned their country and joined a northern tribe on the Ohio River. Of Barnwell's party, 5 Carolinians were killed and several wounded. 36 Indian allies were killed and 60-70 were wounded. In 1715 the powerful Yamassee tribe promoted war and stirred many tribes to this effect. The Yamassees possessed a large territory, lying backward from Port Royal, on the northeast side of Savannah River. The Yamassees had been esteemed by the Carolinians as friends. For 12 months before the war broke out, the traders amongst the Yamassees reported that the chief warriors went frequently to St. Augustine and returned loaded with presents. On 15 April 1715, the Yamassees began their bloody operations. They massacred over 90 people in Pocotaligo and the neighboring plantations. Mr. Burrows, a Captain of the Militia, by swimming one mile and running ten, after he had received two wounds, escaped to warn the town at Port Royal. Many inhabitants sailed for Charleston. But, a few families were captured and either murdered or taken prisoners. The Yamassees, Creeks, and Apalachians advanced through the province spreading desolation and slaughter. The Carolinians entertained hopes of the friendship of the Congarees, Catawbas, and Cherokees, but they soon found that these nations had joined in the conspiracy and declared for war. It was estimated that the southern division of the enemy consisted of over 6,000 bowmen and the northern division of between 600 and 1,000. Every tribe from Florida to Cape Fear had joined in the confederacy against the Carolinians. The dispersed planters had no force to withstand such numbers. They fled to the capital. The accounts of the strength and number of the enemy caused even the inhabitants of Charlestown to be doubtful of their safety. The men in it were obliged to watch every third night. In the muster roll there were no more than 1,200 men fit to bear arms. The Governor declared martial law, laid an embargo on all ships, and obtained an act of Assembly empowering him to impress men, arms, ammunition and stores, and to arm trusty negroes. [to be continued...] ==== SCROOTS Mailing List ==== Go To: #, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z, Main |