Gail this was the complete article. Sorry, 
Maxine 
At 02:05 AM 3/6/98 -0500, you wrote: 
Dear Maxine: 
Does this sourse also state what is ment by Black Irish Rebels? 
Thanks, 
Gail 

---------- 
From: Maxine Reggio  
To: [email protected] 
Subject: Black Dutch 
Date: Thursday, March 05, 1998 11:30 PM 

An article that was taken from my local newpapaper thought this might be of 
some help to some of you. 

Maxine 


Daily Oklahoman August 1994 

Expression Explained - We The People 

By Sharon Burns 

Bob and Verna Fuller, write seeking information about the term "Black 
Dutch." The Publication, "What Did They Mean By That?: a dictionary of 
Historical Terms for Genealogists,' by Paul Drake, defines "Black Dutch" as 
Sephardic Jews from Spain wh married Dutch Protestants to escape an 
Inquisition during the Middle Ages. "Black" referred to their dark hair and 
complexions. While attending the National Genealogical Society Conference 
in the States last June, I visited with Mary Lynn Spijkerman Parker, 
president of the Dutch Family Heritage Society. Parker provided an article, 
"Were The Black Dutch" in America Really Jews?" by Raymond G. Matthews, in 
the "Dutch Family Heritage Society Newsletter," Vol. 3, No. 1, 1989. 

According to Mathews, one theory speculates the term referred to Spanish 
soldiers interbreeding with fair-skinned Dutch during the 1500s when the 
Netherlands were controlled by Spain. Another theory discussed by Matthews 
agrees with Drake's definition. To avoid persecution, the Jews living in 
Spain and Portugal moved into countries such as Belgium, The Netherlands 
and England. They attempted to blend into society and intermarried with 
natives of the region. Descendants became Catholic in terms of religion, 
later becoming members of the Reformed Dutch Church. Later generations 
immigrated to America and other colonies after 1740.  Matthews indicates 
this definition may not be accurate, stating he has never encountered the 
term while researching colonial records of New York an New Jersey. Jewish 
historians and genealogists have also indicated they are unfamiliar with 
the term. A third theory proposed by Jared Suess of the Family History 
Library, Salt Lake City, indicates the term may be derived from the 
Schwarzwald or Black Forest of Germany. The Schwarzwald is in 
Badem-Wurttemberg and along Switzerland's northern border. The term "Black 
Dutch" may be a corruption of the word "Deutsch," referring to persons from 
the Black Forest region. During this period, mercenaries from this region 
were hired by the Dutch, thus a migration to America via the Netherlands 
could have occurred. Other genealogists refer to the term as a regional 
expression without historical roots. Until family traditions indicating 
ancestors of "Black Dutch" heritage can be documented by research, these 
theories are just that, theories. 




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0000,0000,8080Bethany, OK 73008-2317 
405-789-3337 
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