Page 19
    HOME PAGE                                                                                                              BACK
                              CHAPTER FIFTEEN

                             BEADS & BONNETS   



   In spite of the rain, Sarah was riding up at the head of the wagons as she had done
every day. Today she seemed to be smitten with the young captain in charge of the
cavalry.  His name was Mally Gilbert. Julius told us he was about twenty-five and was
from upstate New York. Sarah was content to keep him company most of the day, and he,
too, seemed happy to have her to talk with. 
   After all the wagons and stock were ferried across the Ocmulgee River, we made camp
on the open flood plain on the western shore. The rain finally let up and when the last
wagon was over, Dempsey, Josh, Theo T., and Young came riding back into camp with
four wild pigs draped over the backs of their horses. That night we had a feast of roast
pig, along with fiddle and banjo music, and dancing ‘round the campfire. The folks felt a
certain sense of security with the cavalry in our midst. There was a tolerable amount of
corn likker consumed before everyone finally settled down for the night. 
   When Becky and I finally crawled in the back of the wagon to get some sleep, she
asked, “Theo, did you ever see Sarah after we finished eatin’?” I answered, “No, come to
think of it, I didn’t.” I immediately got out of the wagon and went back to our second
wagon to check on her. As I walked toward the second wagon, I saw her just climbing in,
and Captain Gilbert walking back to the cavalry tents. 
   As I climbed back into the wagon, I said to Becky, “She’s just going to bed. She’s been
out galivanting ‘round with that cavalry officer. I sho’ hope he didn’t take no special
liberties with her, ‘cause I don’t know if I’d be able to whup ‘im or not. You have talked
with that gal ‘bout what leads up to new babies, ain’t you?” Her answer, “You know that
girl ain’t gonna do nothing improper and more’n that, she’s twenty-two and knows what
causes babies. Theo, I’m plumb surprised that you’d even ask such a question.” 
   Early the next morning several men were out in the woods, cutting saplings to rig their
wagons like ours. While most folks had their belongings get soaked yesterday, ours stayed
dry as a bone. Julius promised them he’d try to buy a bunch a’ tents for ‘em when we
reached Fort Hawkins. He figured they’d wanta sell ‘em cause a’ the fort closing down.
   We made ‘bout twelve miles that day and set up an early camp by a small tributary to
the Flint River. We were now well into Indian country, so Young and Julius had the
wagons circle up and let the cavalry pull the guard duty. William, Jack, Simpson, Harriet,
Mark, Jr., Theo T., Josh, Tom, and me rustled up a bunch a’ grub and earth worms and
went down to the creek to see if we could catch a few fish for supper. 
   No sooner’n we throwed our hooks in, we started pulling out big red bellies. They
must’ve been making their spring run up the creek to bed. The nine of us must’ve pulled in
eight or ten fish each ‘fore the sun was down good. Other folks heard us hollering, and
pretty soon the banks a’ that creek was lined on each side with people fishing. I turned to
Theo T. and said, “You know what, there’s so many hooks out there in tha’ creek now, a
red belly’d have a hard time gettin’ upsteam, even if he wadn’t hungry.” He laughed,
pulled in another fish, and said, “You sho’ right ‘bout that, Theo.” I don’t think there was
a family in camp, that didn’t have a big mess a’ fresh fried fish and cornbread for supper
that night.
   The next morning, March seventh, we were up early, had a quick breakfast of left over
fish, and were back on the road by sunrise. The road took a southwesterly direction as we
started down into the Flint River Valley. We reached the river ‘round noon and stopped
for a rest. The road turned south downriver for about six more miles before we reached
Fort Hawkins. When we crossed the river, we found that the fort was very sparsely
staffed, and there were about twenty or thirty log cabins now vacant. Evidently most of
the people had already left. We were able to sleep inside for the first time since we left
home. There were a few Indian families in the area, and they all turned out to see this
entourage of white folks headed west. By now, this had become a regular ritual with them.
   After everyone had unhitched and taken care of the stock, Julius and Young called all
of us together. They explained that we were about to embark on the most dangerous leg
of our journey. Julius said, in a loud voice so everyone could hear, “From here to Fort
Mitchell on the Chattahoochee is ‘bout a hundred and thirty-five miles. There are no
manned forts, and it’ll take us ‘bout nine or ten days to cover that distance. We want a
loaded weapon in each wagon, handled by an experienced person. We’ll make a circled
camp well before dark each day with the stock secured inside. All huntin’ parties will
consist of at least five men on horseback. Children will be expected to remain close to the
wagons at all times. We’ll have five armed riders out front and five bringin’ up the rear.” 
   Young G. took over and said, “We’re not tryin’ to scare y’all to death, we just want
you to be alert at all times. We are at peace with the Indians, but there are a few bands of
renegade ‘Red Sticks’ in this area. We’ll probably see a lot of Indians between here and
Cusseta, but hopefully, they’ll be the friendly, curious type.” 
   Unfortunately, a bunch of our younger fellow travelers, and a few of our older ones,
found the local tavern before dark and spent a few hours there before retiring for the
night. There was a bunch of grouchy, red-eyed, hung-over folks hitching up the teams and
saddling horses the next morning. While we were finishing breakfast, Captain Gilbert
stopped by on the premises of seeing us off, even though all of us knew it was to see
Sarah for the last time. When he left, tears welled up in Sarah eyes, and she ran and
climbed into our wagon. Becky followed her saying, “I’ll drive today, Theo. You ride
Hickory. Sarah and I need to talk.” I saddled Hickory, and we were well on our way by
sunup.
   I rode up to the head of the train and said to Julius, “You know, ever since our meetin’
yesterday, I’ve been worryin’ ‘bout some ‘a these folks bein’ so concerned ‘bout Indian
trouble. They may take a shot at the first Indian they see, especially since half of ‘em are
hung over from last night’s drinkin’ anyway. Just look around and see for yourself. Some
of ‘em are even ridin’ with their rifles ‘cross their laps with their fingers on the triggers. If
they don’t shoot a friendly Indian, I’m afraid they’re gonna shoot some pore fool on the
horse next to ‘em.” 
   Julius observed the riders for a while and said, “You know, you’re right, Papa. I’ll ride
to the back and talk to all of ‘em. You talk to eva’body up here and try to settle ‘em down
a bit. When we finish, you, me, and Young ought to ride along side each wagon and warn
eva’body not to dare fire a shot less’en they’re fired upon. At our noon rest stop, we’ll
talk to ‘em some more. I’m glad you brought this to my attention. I’d hate for us being
responsible for startin’ another Indian war ‘round here.”
   When we stopped for the night on March the eighth, Young had some of the Negroes
dig four long, shallow pits and place tents over each of them. They were right in the center
of all the wagons. everyone was informed that instead of relieving themselves out in the
woods, they were to use the makeshift outhouses. There was a lot of laughing and
complaining, but everyone wholeheartedly agreed, especially after old Joe Parsons said in
a loud voice, “The last place I eva’ wanta run across a mean wild Indian is out in tha’
woods with my britches down ‘round my ankles.”
   As we lay down in the wagon that night, I asked Becky, “What’d you find out from
Sarah today?” She replied, “Oh, nothin’ much. She’s head over heels in love with that
young captain. Says he’s gonna find her after his hitch is up in ‘bout two years. She don’t
know much about ‘im ‘cept he’s from a place called Albany, New York, and his full name
is Malachi Gilbert. His folks own a sawmill and, accordin’ to what he told Sarah, they’re
pretty well off. He gave Sarah his military address at Fort Wilkinson and promised her
he’d write her regularly onest he got her address.”
   On March the eleventh, our fourth day out of Ft. Hawkins, Elizabeth Andrews started
having labor pains. It was at about noon, so we pulled into the woods by a small creek.
While the women were preparing to help deliver her baby, a small group of Indian women
and children emerged from the woods. They seemed friendly but curious, as they observed
all the goings on. They seemed delighted when Dempsey began to talk to them in their
own language. Turns out they were from a small Indian village ‘bout two miles up the
creek and  were out gathering berries. 
   One of the women seemed very intrigued with the goings on in William and Elizabeth’s
wagon. She stood on the side of the tent covered wagon, peered under and watched
everything. Mary left Harriet and Simpson in the wagon to look after Nancy Jane and
went to help with the birthing. About two hours later, Elizabeth gave birth to a fine baby
girl and named her Frances, after her sister back in Edgefield. 
   A little while after the baby was born, Simpson came running toward us crying and
screaming, “They took Nancy Jane! The Indians took her and run off up the creek. The
just grabbed her outta tha’ wagon and took off.” When he reached us, his pa, William
picked him up and held him, trying to calm him down. Still crying, Simpson said, “Mama,
I tried to stop ‘em, but I couldn’t.” Mary turned to Harriet and asked, “Where were you,
did you see what happened?” At that Harriet burst into tears and said, “Mama, I just
wanted to see the baby, so I left Simpson to look after her for a while.”
   Young said, “We should immediately arm as many men and boys as possible and storm
the village and get her back.” As the men started scrambling for their firearms, Julius
shouted, “Wait a minute! This was no act of war. There were only a few women and
children here, and they weren’t hostile. There has to be a simple answer for their
behavior.” Dempsey strongly supported Julius and said, “Julius, let me, William, and Theo
go up to the village and see what we can do.” Julius agreed and said, “There’ll be ‘bout
twenty-five of us behind you, but we’ll stay back in the woods out of sight. If you run into
trouble, just yell for us.”
   Dempsey went to his wagon and came back with a bunch ‘a colorful beads.
Remembering from Young’s letter how the squaws loved bonnets, I said, “All a’ you
women go to the wagons and bring me back one of y’all’s most colorful bonnets.” ‘Fore
you could say bat an eye there must’ve been forty bright colored bonnets piled in mine and
William’s arms.
   Dempsey, with two pockets full a’ beads, led the way into the Indian village, with
William and me right behind. All the Indians were gathered at the center of a group of
about fifteen or twenty crudely built log cabins. Dempsey boldly walked into the group
and, in their own tongue, asked for the chief.
   One of the men quickly went to the largest cabin and emerged with an elderly Indian
wearing an elaborate headdress of brightly colored beads and feathers. The crowd parte
as the chief headed toward a grassy knoll in the center of the cabins. He beckoned us to
follow, which we did. He sat down, crossed his legs in a ceremonial fashion and with his
arms outstretched motioned for us to do the same. Then, to our surprise, in perfect
English with an Irish brogue, said, “My Irish name is McGill, my Indian name is Flying
Eagle. I’ve been expecting you.” Turns out, McGill was one quarter Irish and the
language had passed down through his family.
   I explained to him the circumstances that led up to our visit, and he immediately sent
one of the women to a cabin on the far end of the village. He said, “My daughter, White
Fawn, just last week gave birth to her third stillborn child and has been stricken with an
incurable grief. It seems to have affected her mind. We have to keep a close watch on her
at all times. This morning she seemed well enough to go out with the other women, but
after seeing the birth of the white woman’s child, in her twisted mind she thought it would
be fine if she took one of your babies, since you had a brand new one. I apologize for her
and hope you don’t hold any bad feelings toward our people for her misguided actions.”
   About that time the woman came walking through the crowd holding a happy, smiling
Nancy Jane by the hand. Nancy Jane saw her pa, ran and jumped in his lap, pointed to the
crowd and said, “Pa, look, Injuns!” With that, we all laughed with a great sense of relief.
Only then did Dempsey pull out the beads and offer them to the chief. There was a lot of
“oohing” and “aahing” rumbling through the crowd when they saw the flashy beads.
McGill started passing them out to the Indians. 
   When William and I started pulling bonnets out of our shirts, a puzzled look came
across McGill’s face. He asked, “What are those for?” He was answered when all the
women started reaching for them and placing them carefully on their heads and dancing
around gleefully. To the delight of the whole village, McGill took off his official headdress
and pulled on one of the bright yellow bonnets. He seemed very pleased with it. 
   Dempsey, in a loud voice and in their language, said a few words to the crowd. I only
understood his last two words, “Yellow bonnet.” The crowd then started dancing around
their chief pointing and chanting, “Yellow Bonnet, Yellow Bonnet, Yellow Bonnet.” I
whispered to Dempsey, “I don’t know if he’ll like it or not, but I think you just changed
McGill’s respectable, manly Indian name from Flying Eagle to a sissy Yellow Bonnet.”
Dempsey whispered back, “He likes it. Who cares?”
   As we walked back into the woods, Mary jumped up from inside a bush where she was
hiding, grabbed Nancy Jane and started smothering her with hugs and kisses. Nancy Jane
looked at her and asked, “What’s wrong, Mama? Why you cryin’? Did you see tha’
Injuns?” Mary could not stay with the women and children at the wagons while we were
at the village. She had convinced Julius and Young G. to let her hide in the woods with
them while we were there. Everyone started cheering as we walked back into camp with
Nancy Jane. Some of the men had already pulled the wagons in a circle and watered and
coralled the stock. It was almost sundown, so they decided we would camp there for the
night.
   After we were back at the wagons for about an hour, McGill and four of his men
walked into camp carrying two freshly killed bucks, strung up by their hooves on sapling
poles. He again apologized to Dempsey, had his men put the deer down, and wished us a
safe journey. He was still proudly wearing his yellow bonnet, now with a big bright red
feather sticking out of the top. That night, as I was washing down my last bite of venison
with big cup of milk, I turned to Elizabeth, nursing her brand new baby and commented,
“Well, Betsy gal, we’ll never forget that youngun’s birthday, will we?” She laughed and
said, “You’re sho’ right ‘bout that, Papa. March 11, 1825. The big Indian episode and
Frances’ birthday.”
   The next morning after breakfast, ole Joe Parsons insisted we all gather round his
wagon for a prayer service. I just hoped it would’t be as long as that sermon on hellfire
and damnation he subjected us all to last Sunday morning while standing on the seat of his
wagon. He and all a’ his following had insisted from the outset that they be allowed to
hold their Sunday morning church services regardless of where we happen to camp. I
don’t know for the life a’ me where that old preacher gets all his energy. He’s got to be
pushing eighty. Every time we make camp he’s got at least twenty grand- and great grand
younguns crowded around him, fascinated with his yarns. To my surprise he only prayed
for ‘bout ten minutes, thanking the Lord for seeing us through yesterday’s ordeal. We
were on the road again before sunrise.
   Around mid-afternoon on March 17th, we reached the town of Cusseta. There were
about a hundred houses and several businesses there. According to the people we talked
with, Cusseta was the main trading center for all the Creek Indians in that area. I’ve never
seen as many Indians as were on the streets of Cusetta. We were at the Chattahoochee
River about an hour later. It took us the rest of the afternoon to get all the wagons across
the river on Joseph Marshall’s ferry. It was full dark when the last wagon pulled into our
campsite right outside of Fort Mitchell. 
   We had been on the road for seventeen days now and finally were able to put our feet
on Alabama soil. The first thing most of the men did was reach down and pick up a
handful of dirt, roll it around in their hands, and smell it. Most seemed surprised and said it
wadn’t much different from that in South Carolina. Of course, they were looking at the
soil around the camp, which was a very sandy mixture of clay.                            
   That night some of our folks celebrated their entry into Alabama at Crowell’s Tavern,
consequently, there were some red-eyed, hung over folks hitching up the teams the next
morning. Julius said, “I sure would like to make it to Fort Bainbridge today since we’re
still in Indian country, but that will be stretchin’ it a bit.” 
   He continued, “I think we’ll just plan on campin’at Kendall Lewis’ tavern this side of
the fort. That’s right at the forks of the Federal Road and the Three Notch Trail.”
   I asked, “Where does that trail lead?” Julius replied, “Farther south. It’s still Indian
land, but with the way settlers are pourin’ in, I got a strong feelin’ that it’ll be a part of the
state in a few years. The trail was just marked by settlers headed that way last year. They
marked it with three notches on trees ever so far apart.” I asked, “How’d you learn all
this? You ain’t been in these parts nigh on to twelve years.” Julius laughed and said, “I
struck up a conversation with one of the officers from the fort last night over at Crowell’s
Tavern. He caught me up on all the recent goings on over here.” We camped at the forks
that night, but Kendall Lewis’ tavern didn’t make a red cent out of our people. They drank
enough last night to carry them for a while. We got an early start the next morning, with
the idea of reaching Fort Hull by nightfall. 
   The Federal Road followed the sand ridges through most of Georgia and Alabama. It
was first built as a military road back in 1811, and the wagon traffic on it had worn the
ruts in some places as deep as the wagon hubs. This stretch from the Chattahoochee to
Fort Hull and the Alabama River was the worst. I understand now why Julius insisted that
every wagon carry a bucket of axle grease. This sand really took it’s toll on the wagon
hubs.
   That night outside of Fort Hull, Becky made sure that all of our children gathered
‘round our wagons to do all their cooking and eating. This could be the last night we
would all be together. It depended on what time tomorrow we reached the fork of the
road where we would head on straight west, and William, Mary, and their family
continued south on the Federal Road to Fort Deposit. 

  After supper, I turned to William and said, “William, I want you to do me a big favor.
You know for years now, I’ve been keepin’ up with the Goodwins and doing a lot of
writin’ each week. I would like for you to do the same thing and mail me your writin’
‘bout once a month, so I can put it with my writin’ in the proper order accordin’ to dates.
I sho’ would hate to miss the growin’ up of your younguns and the eva’day goin’ ons y’all
go through. Y’all been closest to me and Becky of all our younguns, and we sho’ gonna
miss y’all. Maybe your writin’ will help fill the gap.”
   I then turned to Mary and said, “Mary, this has been one of the pleasures of my life
eva’ since my grandpa, Pappy, asked me to do the same thing back in 1787. Please make
sure he does the writin’ at least once a week. If he’s like me, he’ll enjoy it.” Mary said,
“Papa, I’ll see that it’s done, and if he don’t, I will.”
   The next day, March 20th, we reached the forks at just about sundown. We set up
camp in a clearing on the northwest corner by a small stream. After the cows were milked
and the stock watered, Becky and I sat down in our rockers by the campfire. Sarah
finished watering and feeding Hickory, pulled up a rocker and sat down with us. The rest
of our family started wandering in one by one. By the time the sun had fallen behind the
horizon, it seemed the whole train had gathered ‘round our fire.    All of ‘em knew that a
big part of our train would continue south tomorrow, past Fort Deposit into Butler and
Conecuh Counties. William and his family would leave the road just south of here and
head for the community of Mt. Willing. His old friend, Henry Hill, Lodie’s boy, had
assured him by mail in January, there was some good rich land for the taking southeast of
Mt. Willing, in a place he called Palmyra. Goodwin Woodson and all the Jackson families
were headed further south around Fort Dale, in Butler County. Thomas Hays, Amos and
Aaron Little, and their families were headed below Fort Dale to land in northwest
Conecuh County.
   As I had anticipated, the next morning brought a tearful parting. The saddest sight was
watching Sarah trying to say goodbye to all William’s children. Seventeen-month old
Nancy Jane was asleep in the wagon, fourteen-year old Harriet had tears running down her
face, Jack, twelve, and Simpson, eight, just stood there with their heads tucked, but
five-year old, Willie T. was bawling. He wanted to go with Sarah. She had let him ride
with her on Hickory for hours at a time the past few weeks, and he had fallen in love with
her and the horse. No matter what Sarah said, he would always come back with, “But,
why you gotta go, Sarah; why you gotta go?” William had to physically take him out of
Sarah’s arms and take him to the wagon.
   As we headed west, only the sound of Willie’s bawling broke the silence of the cool
crisp early morning air. Those haunting sounds symbolized the feelings of our whole
family. Of course, Becky had tears streaming down her face, and the road looked a little
blurry through my tear-filled eyes.

CHAPTER SIXTEEN                                                                                                      BACK