LYNCHBURG CANDLERS ~ the First Generations by Ed Marsh ~ Monday, March 22, 1999 My goal is to discover the genealogy and history of Daniel and Hannah Candler of South River Settlement, Virginia Colony (present-day City of Lynchburg). There is much Legend (see link for an essay about the Legends) pertaining to the early Candlers. I will discuss these legendary tales without trying to pin down their source. I cannot find the origin of the various Candler myths and (in the case of those I can disprove) it serves no purpose. According to legend, Daniel and Hannah had seven children. Daniel died in 1765 (or early '66). Five children were named in the will. They were listed (and spelled) as follows: John, William, Elizabeth, Elloner, and Zedikiah. It is tradition that there were two other children, Thomas and Henry. They are reputed to have died (prior to Daniel's death) while fighting Indians in North Carolina (presumably during the Indian Wars in the late 1750's). John, Elizabeth, Elloner, and Zedikiah remained in Virginia and their stories form the nexus of my research. The focus of this essay is John Candler, Sr. (c1730-1802) [Campbell Co. Will Bk. #2 pg.111, inventory of estate, 10 Jan.1803] and his descendants. I will stick close to this topic with only brief discussion of Col. William Candler, Elizabeth (Candler) Caffrey, Ellenor (Candler) Ballard, and Daniel's and Hannah's youngest, Zedikiah. Col. William of Georgia In his book Colonel William Candler of Georgia, His Ancestry and Progeny, Allen Daniel Candler speculated that William Candler was born, raised, and married in North Carolina. This is not true. Wherever he was born, he grew to manhood and married in South River Settlement along the James River in Virginia. There in 1755, at nineteen years of age, he joined the Quaker faith. Several years thereafter, he was elected clerk of the Quaker Meeting. He acquired several tracts of land in present-day Lynchburg including one sharing property lines with his future father-in-law Joseph Anthony. William's older brother, John Candler, Sr. was listed on tax records in 1754, and was apparently married by 1750. The parents of his wife, Elizabeth Gibson, were in the area by the mid-1740's. It's likely that the Candler Family too was in the area at this time. In 1760, William Candler contracted (with Joseph Ray at Fort Lewis -- present-day Salem, VA) to carry supplies to soldiers stationed at Dunkard Bottom on the New River (present-day Radford, VA). In 1761, he married Elizabeth Anthony. He moved to Georgia sometime after his father's death (probably 1768-69) and became a distinguished military man and statesman. The descendants of Col. Wm. Candler of Georgia have chronicled his life. Thomas and Henry Candler? It has been reported that these Candler boys were mentioned in old family letters. A 1959 Lynchburg News Article (cited elsewhere) states that copies of these old letters reside in Jones Library in Lynchburg, VA. Gloria Thornhill was kind enough to investigate. What she found was a letter that quotes a letter that quotes a letter. On July 22, 1906, Mr. C. B. Bryant of Martinsville, VA wrote to Mr. John Anthony, of Lone Oak, VA) and that letter is reproduced below. that reports a letter Dear Sir: A few years ago I had a correspondence with Colonel H. M. Dillard of Meridian Texas, a relative of the Moorman family, who kindly furnished me with extracts from several old letters in his possession which incidentally threw some light on the Anthony family; and as I happen to have them before me, I will take the liberty of sending you copies. The first was written by Judith Moorman to her cousin Lucy Clark, in 1764, and is as follows: "Thomas Moorman, son of Charles, was married to Rachel Clark, daughter of Micajah and Penelope Clark, and they had the following children: 1. Mary, who married Benjamin Johnson 2. Zachariah, who married Betty Terrell 3. Micajah, who married Susanna Chiles 4. Thomas C. who married Miss Duvall 5. Clark Ferrell, who married Rachel Harris 6. Rachel, who married Stephen Goggin 7. Judith Penelope, who married Mark Anthony Mark Anthony and Penelope had a son, Christopher Anthony, who married a _________ Clark (Boling Clark's daughter) [LSS note: this letter contains several errors and is not a complete list of Thomas and Rachel's children. A complete list of their children is in the records of Cedar Creek (Hinshaw v.6, p. 260) and in Thomas' will (Bedford County WB 1, p. 32). Also, Rachel is the daughter of Christopher and Penelope Clark.] The second letter was written by Bolling Clark of Albemarle County, Virginia in 1780 to Mary Ann Lynch, of Amherst County, Virginia, and is as follows: " I know but little about the Anthony's except that Judith Moorman Clark Christopher Anthony, a son of mark Anthony, who came to Virginia with a colony from Genoa, Italy and settled on the James River and established a great mill and trading post of considerable importance. The second child of Christopher Anthony (Elizabeth) married a Candler, elder brother of Zed Candler , who married Anna Moorman." Note: I think Mr. Boling Clark is mistaken in saying that Elizabeth Anthony, who married a Candler, was a daughter of Christopher Anthony, inasmuch as I have indisputable evidence showing that Elizabeth Anthony who married Colonel William Candler was a daughter of Joseph Anthony. C. B. Bryant The third letter was written in 1778 by Rev. Thomas Moorman, an Episcopal Minister to the same Mary Ann Lynch: "There is much fogginess about my memory Mary, but perhaps I can tell you something about the people you seek information about. In 1754 quite a much of folk left the upper James River Colony for a good country on the Yadkin River. Among the motley gang, for some were skinners, was your cousin the second remove, Micajah Clark, and your first cousin Zack Moorman. After two years of very unprofitable living, the returned to Virginia where they could find a better field for their hilarious tempers and better rum. After two years these braggart bucks got up a stroun-bickle and again moved to North Carolina. Among the bickles were Mike Clark, Zack Moorman, Zed and Thomas Candler, and mayhap Henry Candler and brother. These Candlers were all related in Ireland. They first came to North Carolina but some moved to Virginia, and the old man Zack settled below us on the river. These boys were all good surveyors, and the first time I ever saw William Candler, the eldest boy, he and Zed, some three years younger, were living a Royal charter for the Anthonys, an Italian people of no muckle good appearance. This was in 1753, and Zed Candler, who afterwards married our cousin, Ann Moorman, was a lad some fourteen years old. In 1765 I attempted a great Safety Council held at Lynch's Crossing to jower over the stamp act, and here I met Zed Candler who had returned and settled upon a Royal Grant for fighting the Indians. the Yadkin Colony had all been broken up some five or six years before, only lasting a short time, and the bickles had scattered to Wautauga River, the Ohio and the Carolinas." My friend Colonel Henry Moorman Dillard is now dead and a short time before his death, the original of these letters, which he prized very highly, along with his office and books were destroyed by fire. He was Assistant Adjutant General Of Confederate Veterans, and that way, I made his acquaintance and secured his esteem. These abstracts may contain nothing more than you already have on the Anthony and yet they may be of value as to the other families. I furthermore notice that Jobe Anthony made his will, 12 March 1760, which was probated 24 November 1760, in which he names his son, John Anthony and daughters Lucy Jones, Elizabeth Irvine, Sarah Talbott and his wife Elizabeth. He appoints his wife along with John Talbott and William Irvin, executors, who gave bond with William Jones and Joseph Anthony their sureties. Please remember me, most kindly to the good ladies of your household, and believe me Yrs. very truly, C. B. Bryant As the author says, "There is much fogginess about my memory...". There are several details of this letter that don't "jive" with empirical fact. For an analysis of these and other details see The Candler Legend. KNOWN ORIGINS By 1753, Daniel and Hannah Candler were living on Fishing Creek just south of James River. A Royal Land Grant [13 June, 1755, Virginia Patents #32, 1752-1756, pg.575] was issued to Daniel C(h)andler, but it was our Daniel Candler. John Candler is listed in the Bedford County, VA Order Book in 1754 as living along Blackwater Road. In 1759 [Bedford County Deeds], John bought the original Charles Lynch Grant of 1749 on Rockcastle Branch of Blackwater Creek. Joseph Anthony received a grant on Fishing Creek in 1760 with a common property line with "Daniel Chandler and William Chandler." William Candler's Royal Grant [11 July, 1761, Virginia Patents 33, 1756-61, pg.1034] states that his land on Fishing Creek shares a boundary-line with that of Daniel Candler. One document away from William's Grant, one finds a grant to John Candler [VA Patents #33, on pg.1036, also dated July the 11th]. John's land was just over the hill from William's and Daniel's, lying on Lynches Creek (which no longer bears that name being, at present, a branch of Blackwater Creek which flows northwesterly down from Candlers Mountain into in the city of Lynchburg). I found Lynches Creek on the Ludwig Buchloltz 1859 map of Campbell County [Map Collection, Virginia Library and Archives]. Joseph Anthony also received a Grant on Lynches Creek in 1760. A 1787 deed of sale from Christopher Anthony (son of Joseph Anthony and Elizabeth Clark) to John Lynch (son of Charles Lynch and Sarah Clark) says "...bounded by Daniel and William Candler's now Achilles Douglass' corner..." [Bedford Co. Deed Book (#1 ?) pg.281, Dec. 8, 1787]. Thus we know that by 1787, the Candlers had "removed" (as they used to say) to new locations. Before we "remove", let me reflect on this "neighborhood". The Candlers, Anthonys, Lynches, Clarks, and Douglasses were all Quaker families, worshipping at South River Monthly Meeting. Joseph and Elizabeth Anthony's very young daughter, 14 year-old Elizabeth Anthony (b. March 10, 1747), married neighbor William Candler in May or early June of 1761. William, 25 years old at the time, was the clerk of the Quaker Meeting. At the June 20th monthly meeting, it was ordered that "Testifications" be drawn up [Quaker Record etc, F. E. Wright]; one against William for marrying contrary to discipline; and one against Elinor for accompanying her brother. On August 15th , he was discowned for being "married by a priest". William's sister "Elloner Chandler, condemned her misconduct in accompanying her brother, Wm., in his disorderly marry" [Hinshaw, Encylopedia of American Quaker Genealogy, vol.6, pg.295]. This marriage must have caused quite a stir in the neighborhood. The Candlers who remained in Campbell County (separated from Bedford in 1782) were systematically moving southeasterly, up onto the mountain that already bore their name. EARLY CANDLER QUAKER TIME LINE As stated above, by 1753, the Candlers were provably established at South River Settlement (it was probably more likely to have been the mid-to-late 1740's). They were not Quakers at that time. In 1749, Charles Lynch, registered a Royal Land Grant on Blackwater Creek (present-day Lynchburg). From 1752-1754, the local Quakers met in the home of Sarah (Clark) Lynch. In 1754, this home meeting was officially recognized and made part (a "particular" meeting) of Cedar Creek Monthly Meeting (CCMM). The first recorded marriage of this "particular meeting" was on 10 Feb. 1754: Micajah Terrell and Sarah Lynch, both of Albemarle [later Bedford, later still Campbell County], who took each other in a public meeting of Friends. South River Monthly Meeting (SRMM) was chartered in 1757. [Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy, vol.6, W. W. Hinshaw.] Article on the formation of South River Monthly Meeting Since John, William, Daniel, and Ellenor Candler joined the Quakers while under Cedar Creek MM, their joining of the Quakers does not appear in Quaker Records of South River Monthly Meeting, Virginia, by F. Edward Wright [Family Line Publications, Westminster, MD 21157]. Neither did Mrs. Douglass Summers Brown (her name was Jane) find these references in order to include them in the indices of her landmark book Lynchburg's Pioneer Quakers and Their Meeting House, 2nd edition, J. P. Bell, pub. Lynchburg, VA . C(H)ANDLER An innocent mistake has made finding Candlers in the records of the State of Virginia difficult. The Candler family members often appear mistakenly under this more familiar spelling. Whether this misspelling was the result of an Irish pronunciation of "C" or just plain unfamiliarity is impossible to tell. In the Quaker records of Virginia, I can only find one CHANDLER that is not actually a Candler. Nearly a third of all Candler references are spelled C(h)andler. Mrs. Brown helped W.W. Hinshaw compile volume 6 of the Encyclopedia of American Quaker Genealogy but she must never have understood that the C(h)andlers and Candlers were the same family. She states that the Candlers were influential founding members of South River MM but doesn't say much about what they did, apparently because she missed the C(h)andler - Candler connection. When all the data is condidered, it is clear that they were involved in leadership, service, and even construction of the Meeting House from the earliest times. I hope that this fact can become a part of the known history of Lynchburg. The Candlers ~ First Generation 1 Daniel Candler, (c1700-1765/6) m. Hannah unknown, (c1700-1800) 2 John, b. c1730, d. 1802, VA m1. c1750, Elizabeth Gibson - daughter of James & Eleanor Gibson m2. 1801, Penelope [nee Johnson] - daughter of James & Lucy [Moorman] Johnson - widow of Henry Guthrie 2 Elizabeth, b. c1733, d. after 1791, VA, (Elizabeth Caffrey joined the Quakers in 1758) m. before 1758, John Caffrey - son of Charles & Sarah Caffrey 2 William, b. c1736, d. Nov. 1, 1784, GA m. May/June, 1761, Elizabeth Anthony (SRMM) - daughter of Joseph & Elizabeth [nee Terrell] Anthony 2 Ellenor, b. c1739, d. May 14, 1790, VA m. 1763, S. River MM, Byrum Ballard - son of William and Mary [nee Byrum] Ballard 2 Henry - no data 2 Thomas - no data 2 Zedikiah, b. c1747 m. 1772, (Bedford Co), Anna Moorman - daughter of Zacheriah and Elizabeth [nee Terrell] Moorman Hannah's Candler's Death Just when Hannah Candler died remains a mystery. According to Daniel's will of 1765, she would retain possession of his land until her death, and only then would the children receive their equal share. There don't seem to be records of this distribution of property in Bedford or Campbell County. According to legend, Hannah lived to be 100 years old. Some have said she was buried in Georgia near son William; others, that she lived comfortably on her estate on Candler's Mountain, dying in 1800. The Lynchburg News article (printed elsewhere in this essay) states that Daniel died in September of 1800. This being clearly false, perhaps it was Hannah's date of death. The Mystery of Two Williams & Daniels There has been some confusion stemming from the fact that, for a time, there were two William Candlers and two Daniel Candlers living in 18th century Virginia. Daniel Candler (c1700-c1765), progenitor of all the rest, I will call "Old" Daniel. His first-born son, John Candler, Sr. (c1730-1802), had five sons, William, Daniel, James, John, and Henry. I will refer to this William as William of Virginia, and this Daniel as Daniel of Maryland. "Old" Daniel's second-born son was William Candler (c1736-1784). Georgia Candlers respectfully call him Colonel William and I will observe their tradition. Col. William also had sons named Henry, b. c1762 and William, b. c1764. Like their cousins, they too were (most likely) born in Virginia. John Candler, Sr. 1 John Candler, Sr, b. c1730, d. 1802, Campbell Co, VA m1. c1750, Elizabeth Gibson - daughter of James & Eleanor Gibson m2. 1801, Penelope [nee Johnson] Guthrie (mother-in-law to two of his children) 2 William, b. c1750, Albemarle Co, VA, (became Bedford in 1753), d. 1830's, Campbell Co, VA m. (prob.) Agnes Guthrie, b. c1755 - daughter of Henry and Penelope (nee Johnson) Guthrie 2 Daniel, b. c1752, Albemarle Co, VA, (became Bedford in 1753), d. 18 June 1810, Montgomery Co, MD m. 1770's, Rosetta Benson, (daughter of Ann) 2 James, b. c1756, Bedford Co, VA, d. 1826, Campbell Co, VA m. 16 Jan. 1786, Louisa Co, VA, Agnes Johnson - daughter of Capt. James and Lucy Johnson 2 Jane, b. c1758, Bedford Co, VA, d. 1807, Campbell Co, VA m. 1778, Bedford Co, VA, James Guthrie (1757-1848) 2 Hannah, b. c 1760, Bedford Co, VA, m. 2 Jan. 1782, Bedford Co, VA, Douglas Irby 2 John, Jr, b. 1765, Bedford Co, VA, (Candler-Stovall family Bible), d. 1832, Russell Co, VA m. 24 July, 1799, Campbell Co, VA, Dorothy Stovall - daughter of George and Elizabeth (Landon) Stovall 2 Henry, b. 1769, Bedford Co, VA, d. 1806, Campbell Co, VA Elizabeth (Gibson) Candler Who was Elizabeth Gibson? Quaker records show a marriage of John Candler (no date or spouse), followed by the birth of John Candler, Jr. in 1766, and Henry in 1769. It is commonly asserted "Quaker records show that John Candler and Elizabeth married in 1762". James Gibson's will of 14 April 1764 [Bedford County Will Book #1, pg. 20-21] states: "To my daughter Elizabeth Candler teen pounds current money." All this led me to believe that perhaps John Candler had a first wife with whom he had his first five children. However, there is no such Quaker record that I can find. Further, it seems logical that James Candler (c1756-1826) was named after Elizabeth's father James Gibson. James and Eleanor Gibson were living in the South River area in the 1740's when it was Lunenburg County. John Candler's first son, William, was born in 1751, and it now seems likely that he married Elizabeth about 1750. This is more convincing evidence that the Candlers were in this part of Virginia before 1750. Elizabeth Gibson's siblings were James, Jr, Randall, John (deceased), Archbell (deceased), Catherine Hale, and Hannah Cook. When her son, John Candler, Jr. moved to Russell County Virginia in the late 1790's, several of his neighbors were Gibsons. For more on the Russell County Candler/Gibson connection, see below. Daniel of Maryland, William of Virginia, and James, Sr. The 1779 Grant There is a Virginia Land Grant dated 1 December 1779, issued to Daniel Candler and signed by governor Thomas Jefferson [Virginia Patents A, 1779-80,pg.181]. I first read of this document in a 1959 Lynchburg News article written by Martha Rivers Adams on the subject of Early Candlers and their Mountain [Sunday, March 29, 1959, pg.B-2]. According to the newspaper article, this 1779 Land Grant, was issued to "Old" Daniel Candler, "Pioneer Quaker" who died (supposedly) in 1800. The writer had the obituary of another Daniel Candler (who was one of the last Quakers in Lynchburg --1830's-40's) mixed up with the death date of Hannah Candler (c1700-c1800). Other Candler researchers have supposed this 1779 Grant to be issued posthumously to settle "Old" Daniel's estate. The 1808 Deed In light of newly uncovered evidence, it is pretty clear that the Daniel Candler who received the 1779 Grant was Daniel of Maryland. His existence comes to light in a Campbell County deed dated 1808 [Campbell Co., Virginia, Deed Book 8, p. 272-274 recorded 11 July 1808]. It states that Daniel Candler of Montgomery County, Maryland, and William Candler and James Guthree of Campbell County, Virginia are selling - a certain tract of land of Henry Candler "deceased" containing two hundred and eighty five acres situate in the said County of Campbell on the North head waters of Beever Creek... - to James Candler (Sr.) of Campbell County. The reference to Henry Candler "deceased" was, in all likelihood, to their brother Henry, b. 1769, d. 1806 (some Candler researchers suggest that this Henry was the long-dead son of Old Daniel). Regardless, circumstantial evidence indicates that this transaction was between children of John Candler, Sr. (James Guthree was the husband of John's daughter, Jane c1758-1807, by then deceased). John Candler, Jr. certainly was not dead in 1808, so exactly why he was not involved in this transaction is not clear. I can find nothing further on daughter Hannah after her marriage to Douglas Irby, so whether she was still living is indeterminate at this time. Candler/Guthrie (Guthree) Connections My research into the Candler/Guthrie connection family unraveled quite slowly. Clearly, the Guthries must have lived closely to the Candlers at a time when two of their children were of marriageable age (1770's). I have yet to find much on them in Bedford County. Henry Guthrie died in Franklin County in 1786. Franklin County is not too far south of the area of Campbell County in which the Candlers lived. I assume that Penelope moved back to Campbell County to be near her children and thereby found herself in the frequent company of her children's father-in-law. However it happened, she was available and willing to marry John Candler, Sr. in 1801. Researching the marriage of Jane Candler and James Guthree was my starting point. My first Candler/Guthrie clue turned up in an internet search for C(h)andlers (which I undertook after realizing just how many CANDLERS were listed under that spelling). I found a query on June/Jane Chandler of Bedford County, VA. This June/Jane had married James Guthree, son of Henry Guthree and Penelope Guthree. About that time, I discovered an 1801 marriage in Campbell County, VA between one John Candler and one Penelope Guthrie. I assumed (at first) that this was a case of brothers and sisters marrying. I contacted the researcher who had made the internet query and received an excellent Guthree Genealogy. Thus, I came to realize that the 1801 marriage was between John Candler, Sr. and the mother of James Guthree. John married his daughter Jane's mother-in-law. I cannot cite a source document to prove the 1778 marriage of James Guthree and Jane Candler, but the weight of circumstantial is fairly conclusive. HENRY GUTHRIE The following was forwarded to me by Guthrie Researchers ~ I have omitted researcher's names for security reasons More About HENRY GUTHRIE: Fact 1: January 29, 1725/26, Baptism Notes for PENELOPE JOHNSON: ____, Guthree researcher states that Penelope Johnson was a Quaker. She also states that Penelope had a second husband -John Chandler Sr. July 1801. 4. HENRY3 GUTHRIE (JOHN2, JOHN1) was born January 08, 1725/26 in Christ Church Parish, Middlesex Co., VA, and died May 18, 1786 in Franklin Co., VA. He married PENELOPE JOHNSON January 11, 1755 in Louisa Co., VA, daughterof BENJAMIN JOHNSON and AGNES CLARKE. Children of HENRY GUTHRIE and PENELOPE JOHNSON are: i.MARY4 GUTHRIE, b. 1756, Louisa Co., VA; m. JOHN FOURQUERON, February 26, 1772, Bedford Co.,VA. ii.AGNES GUTHRIE, b. 1757, Louisa Co., VA. iii.JAMES GUTHRIE, b. February 17, 1757, Louisa Co., VA or Amherst Co., VA; d. February 27,1848, Highland Co., Ohio. (CONTINUED BELOW) iv.JOHN B. GUTHRIE, b. 1761, Amherst or Bedford Co., VA; d. 1830, Pike Co., IL. v.DAVID GUTHRIE, b. February 14, 1764, Bedford Co., VA; d. October 19, 1842, Pendelton, SC. vi.SARAH GUTHRIE, b. 1765, Bedford Co., VA. vii.ANNE GUTHRIE, b. 1766, Bedford Co., VA; d. Aft. 1848, Harrison, IN; m. DANIEL FRENCH, March 24, 1785, Bedford Co., VA. viii.PENELOPE GUTHRIE, b. 1767, Bedford Co., VA; d. Aft. 1850, Haywood Co., TN or Pendleton, SC; m. STEPHEN BOOTH, September 13, 1786. 6. JAMES4 GUTHRIE (HENRY3, JOHN2, JOHN1) was born February 17, 1757 in Louisa Co., VA or Amherst Co., VA, and died February 27, 1848 in Highland Co., Ohio. He married JUNE CHANDLER 1778 in Bedford Co., VA. Children of JAMES GUTHRIE and JUNE CHANDLER are: i.WILLIAM GUTHRIE, b. 1779; m. RACHEL JONES. ii.HENRY GUTHRIE, b. 1780; d. 1859; m. MARGARET ANTHRUM. iii.MARTHA PATSY GUTHRIE, b. 1784; m. JOHN WRIGHT. iv.PENELOPE GUTHRIE, b. 1787; m. JOHN BLALOCK. v.AGNES GUTHRIE, b. 1780; m. THOMAS JONES. vi.ELIZABETH GUTHRIE, b. 1793; m. JACOB KINZER. vii.JOHN C. GUTHRIE, b. 1795; d. 1875; m. GENSY JANE GLASS. viii.MILDRED GUTHRIE, b. 1798; m. THOMAS GALLASPY. ix.JAMES JR. GUTHRIE, b. 1801; d. 1874; m. (1) MAHALA C. HARDY; m. (2) MARIAH CALLIHAN; m. (3) SARAH JANE HUFF x.HARRIETT GUTHRIE, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> end of forwarded Guthrie material <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< Penelope Johnson, Guthrie, Candler Consider this postulated genealogy: 1 Capt. Zacheriah Moorman, b. c1625 +/- m. Mary Candler, b. c1635 +/- 2 Sally Ann Moorman m. Micajah Clark 3 Christopher Clark, (1681-1754) m. Penelope Johnson, b. 1684 4 Agnes Clark, (1712-1754) m. Benjamin Johnson, (1705-1754), son of Wm. Johnson and Sarah Massie 5 Penelope Johnson, (1739-c1815) m1. 1755, Henry Guthree, m2. 1801, John Candler, Sr. 6 James Guthree (son of Henry Guthree and Penelope Johnson) m. 1778, Jane Candler (Daughter of John Candler, Sr.) Penelope Caneller One finds Penelope Candler in the 1810 Campbell County, VA Federal Census. The 1810 Census Index says, "Penelope Caneller", but one can see that the supposed "el" is really "d" (although the transcriber could not). Penelope was living across Candlers Mountain among several Johnsons, Moormans, and Clarks who remained in Lynchburg. Regrettably, most of the census page has been destroyed by the ravages of time and so Penelope is the only Candler whose name remains to be seen, but thankfully she is there to bear out that it was she, the surviving wife of John Candler, Sr. By the 1820 Census, Penelope had passed away. Jane (Candler) Guthrie The following is a correspondence from a descendant of James and Jane (Candler) Guthree and the transcriber of the 1808 deed. After Jane died in Virginia, James Guthrie moved to Highland Co., Ohio, sometime in the mid-1810s with his children. Many of his Quaker relatives (Johnsons, Moormans, etc.) had moved there before he did and he probably moved west with some of the latecomers. They settled in Leesburg. Three of James and Jane's daughters (Mildred, Elizabeth and Penelope) and two of their sons (Henry and James) married in Highland Co., Ohio. Four of their children were married in Virginia in Campbell or Bedford Co. (William, John, Martha and Agnes). I have no further information on their youngest child, Harriett. James Guthrie, after he moved to Leesburg, apparently was a prominent figure in the community. He died on 27 February 1848 at Leesburg. So far as I know, James Guthrie wasn't a Quaker himself. His mother, Penelope (Johnson) Guthrie, was a Quaker until she married Henry Guthrie in about 1755, when she was thrown out because she "married contrary to discipline". Daniel of Maryland Thanks to the Deed of 1808, we can place William and James Candler in Campbell Co. along with their brother-in-law James Guthrie; and learn that the Daniel Candler who appears on the Maryland Federal Census of 1790 was "one of ours." It was through this land record "snap-shot" that I first understood that Daniel of Maryland was one and the same as the grantee in the 1779 Candler's Mountain Grant (signed by Jefferson). Just when Daniel moved to Maryland is not clear but there are clues. He registered his land grant in Virginia in 1779. He debuted in tax records in 1783. [Maryland State Archives, MARYLAND INDEXES, (Assessment of 1783, Index), Montgomery County MSA S 1437 -- Linganore and Sugar Loaf Hundred, p. 2. MSA S 1161-8-1, 1/4/5/51]. Additionally (as mentioned above), he may be found in the 1790 Federal Census of Montgomery County. Considering that in 1790 he had one son and one daughter over the age of 16, two sons under 16, and a wife, Daniel of Maryland must have been born in the early 1750's. Assuming that he was 18 when he married and that he had his first child immediately thereafter, he would have been 36 years old in 1790. That would place his birth on or before 1754. Census Records 1810 Federal Census records show John, William and Rosana Candler as heads of households in Montgomery County, Maryland. One could assume that these were sons and the widow of Daniel. Thus I place the death of "2nd" Daniel between 1808 and 1810. 1820 Federal Census of Montgomery County, Maryland show only John Candler; the 1830 shows John Candle; and the 1840 Census shows a Daniel H. and Leonard W. Candler (no John). William of Virginia Was William Candler of the deed of 1808 the same man as Pvt. William Candler of the Virginia Line during the Revolutionary War? It appears so. I can find no one from the Candler neighborhood on the 1790 Federal Census so I assume that the documents were lost, destroyed, or never taken. I found an 1800 tax list for Campbell Co. in The Virginia Genealogist, vol.13, pg. 109. It listed Henry, John, James and William Candler (this is most likely John, Sr. and sons William, James, and Henry). The 1810 Federal Census page for the Candler neighborhood was quite damaged (as mentioned above -- see Penelope Caneller). On the 1820 Federal Census of Campbell County, Virginia, there were two William Candlers; one old and one young (with young children). Pvt. Wm. Candler was listed as receiving a Virginia pension (beginning in 1832) at age 82 [Virginia Pension Roll of 1835]. This would place his birth in about 1750. On the 1830 Census, William of Virginia's household contains one person 50-60, one 60-70, and one 70-80. This is the old soldier, still two years from his pension in 1832. He claimed to have been born in 1751 on his pension application. He was on the list of Virginia Revolutionary War soldiers who never claimed their Land Bounty. According to Robert Achilles Russell, a commonwealth attorney for Rustburg, VA in the 1930's (and a Candler descendant), William Candler claimed not to have fired a shot at the Battle of York Town. Russell further stated that "whether this was from his musket being out of fix or his Quaker convictions I do not know." A Closer Look at the 1820 Census One of the Williams who appears on the 1820 Federal Census was an old man. His immediate neighbors were John Candler and Daniel Candler, Jr. This John Candler, had 8 children at the time. This must have been the John Candler, b. c 1782, who married Phoebe Boaz on 13 Dec. 1802 in Campbell County. John Candler, Jr. had lived in Russell County, VA for over twenty years by 1820 (see below). James Candler's son John Woodson Candler, b. 7 July 1795, did not marry until 1830. Who was this Daniel Candler, Jr? He might have been a son of William who was called "Jr." in the old sense of the word -- meaning simply younger than some other local Daniel (rather than "son of Daniel" in the modern sense). Alternatively, he might have been a son of Daniel of Maryland, come home to live amongst kin. Is this why we find John and William Candler on the 1810 Maryland Census but no third son? No evidence is yet available. The other William, William A. Candler, was the son of the elder. He was young man with young children. His next-door-neighbors were Johnson and Daniel Candler. These were sons of James Candler, Sr. and Agnes Johnson (see below). Daniel, b. 1788, and Johnson, b. 1789, were first cousins of William A. Candler. William's name is not on the 1840 Census. I assume he had passed away. WILLIAM of VIRGINIA 1 William Candler, b. 1751 (testified on his pension app.), d. 1830's m. (prob.)Agnes Guthrie, b. c1757 - (see "GUTHRIE" above) 2 Jane, b. 1770's, Bedford/Campbell Co, VA m. Aug. 6, 1789, Campbell Co, VA [Hinshaw], Ambrose Hinge 2 John, b. 1770's-80's, Bedford/Campbell Co, VA m. Dec. 13, 1802, Campbell Co, VA [Hinshaw], Phoebe Boaz 2 Penelope, b. 1780s, Bedford/Campbell Co, VA m. Nov. 11,1805, Campbell Co, VA [Hinshaw], William Russell Boaz 2 Polly, b. 1780's, Bedford/Campbell Co, VA m. Nov. 14, 1803, Campbell Co, VA [Hinshaw], Benjamin Clement 2 William A, b. 1790's, Campbell Co, VA m. Elizabeth unknown James Candler, Sr. James Candler, b. c1756, Bedford Co, VA, d. 3 Jan. 1826, Campbell Co, VA, became and remained a serious Quaker at South River for life. He was born, and was buried on Candlers Mountain. On April 20, 1782, James' father, John Candler, Sr, recanted his sins (see Candler Quaker Records) and was reinstated as a Quaker. Less than a month later (May 10, 1782), his son James, age 26, requested membership in his own behalf. Two months later, on July 20th, John, Sr. requested membership in behalf of his young sons Henry and John, Jr. (age 13 and 16 respectively). In September, John Candler, Jr. was received as a member, but there is no record that Henry ever was received "among Friends"[all Hinshaw, SRMM]. On December the 17th, 1785, James Candler received a certificate from SRMM to Cedar Creek Monthly Meeting to marry. On January the 16th, 1786, in the house of James Johnson of Louisa County, James Candler married Agnes (Agathay) Johnson (c1760-1817, daughter of James Johnson and Mildred Moorman). When James Candler died in 1826, the Quaker records said "70 years old". This would (of course) place his birth c1756, further proof that James could not have been a son of Elizabeth Gibson. JAMES CANDLER, Sr. 1 James Candler, b. c1756, d. 3 Jan 1826, Campbell Co, VA m. 16 Jan 1786, Agnes Johnson (c1760-1817) - daughter Capt. James & Lucy Johnson 2 Lucy Candler, b. 3 Feb. 1787, Campbell Co, VA [from Hinshaw SRMM] m. 14 Nov 1805, Campbell Co, VA, Benjamin Barnard 2 Daniel Candler, b. 17 Apr. 1788, d. 1860 m. 15 Mar 1813, Campbell Co, VA, Mildred Candler, b. Aug 1791, d. 18 March 1860 2 Johnson Candler, b. 14 June 1789 m. by 1826, Lucy unknown (a deed states Johnson Candler & wife) 2 Elizabeth Candler, b. 6 June 1792 m. 12 Sep 1818, unknown 2 James Candler, Jr, b. 4 Jan. 1794 m. (2 or 7) Aug 1817Mary Jones, b. 1794, 2 John Woodson Candler, b. 7 July 1795, 1850's, Campbell Co, VA m. 11 Feb 1830, Frances "Fannie" Clark, b. 1813 (dau. of William Clark) 2 Henry Candler, b. 27 Apr. 1797 John Candler, Jr. Quaker records state that John Candler, Jr. was born on February 9th, 1766 and I took that for granted until one of the most interesting genealogical discoveries emerged -- more on that discovery in a moment. On April 20, 1782, John's father recanted his sins (he was disowned in 1767, see Candler Quaker Records) and was reinstated. Two months later, on July 20th, 1782, John, Sr. requested membership in behalf of his young sons John, Jr. and Henry (age 16 and 13 respectively). In September, John Candler, Jr. was received as a member, but there is no record of Henry's acceptance. He must have been accepted at some point because we find this citation in the Quaker records: 12th month, 8th day, 1798; Henry Candler, has deviated from principles as to bear arms and accused by a young woman of being the father of her illigitimate child, which he neglects to clear himself. -- Quaker Records of South River Monthly Meeting, Virginia 1756-1800, compiled from original documents by F. Edward Wright John Candler, Jr. was actually born on February the 9th 1765, not 1766 as Quaker records state. He was born at South River Settlement, VA. (present-day Lynchburg. In 1759, John Candler Sr. bought the "Old Lynch Place" on Chestnut Hill near the Quaker Meeting House. This was the Lynch's first home south of the James. John Candler, Jr. may well have been born in the very house (perhaps cabin). This is probably where John Candler was living when, in 1761, he and Benjamin Johnson built an addition onto the first Quaker Meeting House (which was built on this land in the mid 1750's). Candler-Stovall Bible Three John Candlers were married in Campbell Co, VA between July 1799 and December 1802 and I was trying to determine which was which. I had yet to discover the Candler-Guthrie connection. John Candler, Jr. m. Dorothy Stovall on July 24, 1799 John Candler, Sr. m. Penelope Guthrie (nee Johnson) [widow of Henry] on July 27, 1801 John Candler (son of William, grandson of John, Sr.) m. Phoebe Boaz on December 13, 1802 I had been hunting for information on John Candler, Jr. when I found a reference to an article about a Candler-Stovall Bible. The 1982 article, from The Pioneer Wagon (a quarterly publication of The Jackson County Genealogical Society of Independence, Missouri) proved hard to "get hold of." About the same time, I was investigating Candler-C(h)andler connections when a CHANDLER researcher suggested that I get in touch with Glenn Turnell who (purportedly) was "the best darned Candler researcher you could meet." I called Glenn Turnell and he was correct. What is more, she turned out to be the author of the elusive Pioneer Wagon article. A few weeks later, I had before me a photostatic copy of this ancient record. Surely enough, there (in a glorious 18th century hand) was written "John Candler was born February 9th 1765." Beneath, in the same hand, is written "Dorothy Candler was born May 17th 1778." In 1797, the name John Candler first appeared on Russell County Tax Lists. On July the 8th, 1797, John Candler, Jr. was listed as "being removed for some years from among Friends" [Hinshaw, SRMM]. Like many Americans, John had made his move westward. On Jan. 12th, 1799, John, Jr. was disowned for "non-attendance for several years and buying a slave". On July 24th he married Dorothy Stovall (daughter of George and Elizabeth Stovall) in Campbell County, VA [Hinshaw cited this from the Campbell Co. marriage book #?]. John returned to Russell County with his bride and in the next year, tax records reflect that there were two tythable souls at the Candler home; there would be more. John Candler and Dorothy Stovall are the Patriarch and Matriarch of the southwest Virginia Candlers. By the Federal Census of 1820, John and Dorothy had nine children, 5 under age10, 2 age 10-16, and 2 over 16. John Candler, Jr. died in 1832 in Russell Co, VA. (according to Russell County Candler researchers). By the Federal Census of 1850, there were four Candler households in Russell Co, VA; Archer, Dorothy, George W, and Singleton. JOHN CANDLER, Jr. CHART 1 John Candler, Jr., b. 7 Feb 1765, S. River, VA, d. 19 Sep 1832, Russell Co, VA m. 24 July 1799, Dorothy Stovall, b. 17 May 1778, d. 30 May 1855, Russell Co, VA 2 Thomas Jefferson Candler, b. 9 March 1801, Russell Co, VA, d. 15 Sep 1830 m. Mary Seaman 2 Elizabeth Candler, b. 5 Feb 1803, Russell Co, VA m1. Vincent Jessee 2 Martha Candler, b. 30 Oct, 1804, Russell Co, VA m. William Preston Necessary 2 Mahale Candler, b. 20 June 1806, Russell Co, VA m. Henry Necessary 2 Nancy B. Candler, b. 25 April 1808, Russell Co, VA 2 George Washington Candler, b. 17 Nov 1809, Russell Co, VA, d. after 1830 m. "Dicy" Jessee - Daughter of David and "Katie" Banner Jessee 2 John Candler, b. 16 June 1812, Russell Co, VA, d. 23 Jan 1840 2 Dorothy Candler, b. 16 June 1812, Russell Co, VA, d. 9 Sep 1888, Lee Co, VA m. John Jessee 2 Singleton Candler, b. 14 July 1814, Russell Co, VA, d. 15 May 1899 m. c1836, Adaline Harriett Boswell, b. 26 Dec, 1817, d. 14 March 1896 2 Dosha Candler, 28 Jan 1817, Russell Co, VA Russell County Candlers On the 1787 tax list of Russell County (Russell Co. was formed in 1786), there was one James Gibson, and one John Gibson. By the tax list of 1795, there were six Gibson households. Eventually, there would be a town of Gibsonville in Russell Co.