DOUGCAND Evidence of the Marriage of MICAJAH CLARK and SALLY ANN MOORMAN by Douglas Tucker APR 1996 [Doug receives full credit for the contents; I apologize in ad vance for any typos committed in my hurry to get this out. LSS] The most interesting item (for me) in Allen Daniel Candler's 1902 book on _The Candler Family_ is a lengthy extract from a folksy letter written in 1788 by Rev. Thomas Moorman of North Carolina to his cousin Mary Ann Lynch, then living in Amherst Co. VA. Author Candler states in the text that he had the Thomas Moorman letter in his possession. In the book's Appendix, he referenced two other Moorman letters also in his possession. One was from Judith Moorman to Lucy Clark in 1764; another was from Bowling Clark of Albemarle Co. to Mary Ann Lynch of Amherst Co. dated 1780. Neither of these letters is directly quoted in the text. [Do you suppose these letters could now be in the GA Dept of Ar chives & History? Does anyone know anyone in Atlanta? The last I heard it's $25 an hour for out-of-state requests. LSS] The 1778 letter from Rev. Thomas Moorman to Mary Ann Lynch is presented below, as abstracted by Allen Candler. "In 1754, quite a muck of folk left the upper James River colony for a good country on the Yadkin River. Among the motley gang, for some of them were skinners, was your cousin of the second remove, Micajah Clark, and your first cousin, Zack Moorman. After two years of very unprofitable living, they returned to Virginia ... After two years more, these braggart bucks got up a stroun-bickle and again moved to North Carolina. Among the bickels were Mike Clark, Zack Moorman, Zed and Thomas Candler and mayhap Henry Candler... These Candlers were all related to our family by intermarriage back in Ireland." "They (the Candlers) first came to North Carolina, but soon moved to Virginia. These boys were all good surveyors, and the first time I saw William Candler, the oldest boy, he and Zed, some three years younger, were lining a royal charter for the Anthonys, an Italian people of no mickle good appearance. This was in 1753, and Zed Candler, who afterward married our cousin, Ann Moorman, was a lad some 14 years old. In 1756 I attended a great safety council held at Lynch's Crossing to jower over the Stamp Act, and there I met Zed Candler, who had returned and settled on a royal grant for fighting Indians ... Zed Candler lived on Flat Branch five miles from Lynch's Crossing (it is now Lynchburg). His grant was for five thousand acres and was called by him Kilkenny. He was from home all the time fighting Indians and surveying and soon got anothrr grant fifty miles distant, in the Pittsylvania belt. Zed Candler married Ann Moorman, and with thirty slaves, moved to his new home which he called Callan." The letter refers to the Candler/Moorman marriage in Ireland which can only be the marriage of Zachariah Moorman to Mary Candler. But the several "cousin" relationships mentioned are, potentially, the more important pieces of information. They can only be interpreted by knowing more about the persons who are men- tioned. (This discussion will get a bit obscure, but bear with me while I try my hand at sorting it out. I have not had time to cross check everything and may not be correct on my conclusions. Others out there may know things about these family relationships, and they are welcome to correct or reinterpret my findings.) Who was the letter writer, the Rev. Thomas Moorman? He was the Thomas Moorman (c1730-1778/82) who married Sarah Clark and served as Quaker preacher for the Cane Creek NC Monthly Meeting and who resided in Anson Co. NC. He was the youngest son of Thomas Moorman (1688- ?) and Elizabeth Clark. (Though only a hunch, I think Elizabeth was the daughter of Micajah Clark and Sally Ann Moorman making her Thomas Moorman's first cousin. This is the reason Thomas and Elizabeth do not appear in Quaker records -- they were dismissed for marrying too close of kin. Elizabeth also could have been a daughter of Edward and Elizabeth Clark but this would not have resulted in dismissal from the Quakers.) [I personally have seen nothing which "proves" Elizabeth was a CLARK. Isn't this the same Elizabeth others say is a SIMPSON? LSS] The parents of Thomas' wife, Sarah Clark Moorman (b.1729/34) are a puzzle. She married Thomas about 1754 in Louisa Co. VA. She was *not* a daughter of either Francis Clark or Christopher Clark (both had Sarah's that were much older and have been accounted for) but was clearly from the same extended Clark family. I speculated previously that she might have been a daughter of Christopher's oldest son, Edward, and Ann Paulette, but recent information suggests that this couple may have been childless since Edward became a ward of the Quaker community in his old age, a situation that probably would not have occureed if he had surviving children. [Earlier researchers erred -- Edward Clark, son of Capt. Chris topher, did not marry anyone for his never released her dower right to land sold. It's Francis Sr's son, John Clark, who married Ann Paulette. (I hope I got it right, Elizabeth.) LSS] Another possibility for Sarah's father would be an unknown son of the Edward Clark, uncle of Christopher and Francis Clark. Yet another possibility would be another son of Micajah Clark and Sally Ann Moorman. I have seen family listings for Micajah and Sally Ann that showed an Edward and Micajah Jr. listed as their sons in addition to Christo- pher and Francis. (More on that later.) Who was Mary Ann Lynch? There are two candidates for this position. One is Mary Bowles Lynch (b.1737) daughter of John and Ann Bowles of Hanover Co. who married John Lynch (b.1740), son of Charles and Sarah Clark Lynch. All the references to her that I have seen refer to her only as Mary Lynch, Mary Bowles or Mary Bowles Lynch. However, her mother's name was Ann. The other candidate is Mary Lynch (c1752-1829), wife of Edward Lynch, youngest son of Charles and Sarah. I do not know this Mary's maiden name. However, she was considerably younger than Mary Bowles Lynch. Furthermore, there is a cryptic reference in Hinshaw citing a Mary Ann Lynch doing charity work with Elizabeth Douglass in 1818 at the South River Meeting. This is the only reference I found for a Mary Ann Lynch, but the 1818 date would suggest that Edward Lynch's wife was more likely to be Rev. Thomas Moorman's correspondent. It really doesn't matter which of the two Mary Lynch's is the correct person because they each had exacly the same relationship to the letter's author and to the other people mentioned in Rev. Moorman's letter. Both Marys were first cousins (by marriage) to Zack Moorman. It was a Quaker tradition that when you married you adopted your spouse's entire family and treated them as your own blood. Who was Zack Moorman? Zack (1732-1789) was the son of Thomas and Rachel Clark Moorman. He married Betty Ann Chiles Terrell (1735-1773) in 1754. After Betty's death, he married Elizabeth Johnson daughter of Capt. James Johnson and Lucy Moorman. Zack Moorman and Mary Ann Lynch were of the same generation. Zack's mother, Rachel Clark was the older sister of Sarah Clark Lynch. [Both daughters of Capt. Xpher. LSS] So, Sarah's sons, John Lynch or Edward, were Zack's first cousins, and by Quaker custom, so were their wives. Who was Ann Moorman Candler? Her birth name was Anna. She was born in 1756, daughter of Zack Moorman and Betty Ann Terrell. She married Zed Candler around 1772 and lived in Pittsylvania Co. Va before moving to Ashevillle, NC later in life. Who was Micajah Clark? There are at least four possible Micajah Clark's that could fit the bill. One is Micajah Clark Sr., son of Christopher and Penelope, and husband of Judith Adams. He was born in 1718 which made him considerably older than any of the Candler boys or Zack Moorman. Furthermore, this Micajah would have been Mary Ann Lynch's uncle -- a pretty straight- forward relationship. Finally, this Micajah never moved to NC as far as I know. _Cancel him from the list._ [I have records on this Micajah Sr. which proves he never left VA. Neither did his son, Micajah Jr. who Doug covers next. Micajah Jr. died in Albemarle Co. 1774. There is possibly another Micajah in Albemarle records who I haven't identified -- I think he's the one who served in the revolution from that county -- Micajah Sr. being too old. He's also on the tax records after Jr's death unless the taxman didn't record "est of" with the name. Even though this is my husband's line, I haven't taken the time to sort through the various Micajahs. LSS] The second candidate would be Micajah Clark Jr., son of Micajah Sr. and grandson of Christopher and Penelope. Micajah Jr. was reportedly born in 1741 which would make him mighty young, at 13, to have gone to Carolina with Zack and the Candler boys in 1754. Zed Candler was only two years older, but he was accompanied by two older brothers. Micajah Jr. married Mildred Martin and remained in Albemarle Co. VA as far as I know. _Another cancellation_. Bolling and Winifred Buford Clark had a son, Micajah, who was born in 1749. We know for a fact that Bolling and Winnie Clark went to Surrey Co. NC in 1754 and that they later lived there for many years before migrating farther south to Wilkes Co., Georgia in 1776. Micajah, who was only five years old in 1754, obviously went to NC with his parents. But would this align him with the "motley gang" of young men listed by Rev. Thomas Moorman? Bolling's Micajah married Luranna Johnson in 1770, daughter of Capt. James Johnson and Lucy Moorman. Lucy Moorman was the youngest daughter of Andrew Moorman Sr. and Sarah Clark. (As further background, Lucy and James Johnson named their oldest son Micajah. Was he named after Lucy's grandfather, the first Micajah Clark?) Micajah and Luranna Clark lived for a period in Surrey Co. NC along the Keowah River before moving on to the Pendleton District of South Carolina. Luranna Johnson's sister, Elizabeth, married Zack Moorman after the death of Betty Ann Terrell Moorman. Another sister married James Candler, probably a son of William Candler of Pittsylvania Co. Lots of relevant family relationships here, but this Micajah would have been Mary Ann Lynch's first cousin, not a cousin, twice removed. _This Micajah qualifies, but only as a long shot._ The fourth candidate would be a Micajah Clark who was not descended from Christopher Clark. This option has credence only because Rev. Thomas Moorman refers to Micajah as a "cousin of the second remove" to Mary Ann Lynch. None of Christopher's sons or grandsons (covering all the Micajah's cited above) would have been described using such a distant relationship. These Micajah's were all either uncles or first cousins to Mary Ann Lynch -- simple, clear-cut rela- tionships that should have been obvious to Rev. Thomas Moorman. After all, he was cognizant of the "first cousin" relationship between Zack Moorman and Mary Ann and had been raised in the same Quaker communities that included Christopher Clark's family. So my conclusion is that the correct Micajah Clark, who was "cousin of the second remove" to Mary Ann Lynch, must have been this latter, unknown Micajah Clark. However, exactly who he was doesn't much matter, as I will show below. But the use of the phrase "cousin of the second remove" does matter very much, be cause it tells us something vital about Moorman/Clark bloodlines of earlier generations. What did the author mean when he said that Micajah Clark was Mary Ann Lynch's "cousin of the second remove"? I asked the librarian at the DAR to help sort that relationship out. He referred to _The Dictionary of Genealogy_ which said that a cousin of the second remove (it would be more frequently called a cousin, twice re- moved) would generally refer to a cousin of the same generation as the addressed person, but where the parent/ sibling relationship was two generations back (removed) from the normal first cousin relationship. In other words the sibling relationship would be at the great grandparent level -- two generations _before_ the generation of Thomas Moorman, Rachel Clark, Sarah Clark, Micajah Clark Sr., etc which is where the normal first cousin relationship is generated. (The twice removed relationship can work in the forward direction as well. For example, the children of your first cousin are your first cousins, once removed. Your children and the children of your first cousin are second cousins. The "removed" terminology means a different generation. I can assure you that the Rev. Thomas Moorman was not refer- ring to cousins, twice removed in the forward direction! No, he was using the "twice removed" terminology to denote two generations back!) The "once removed generation" included Christopher and Penelope Johnson Clark, Charles and Elizabeth Reynolds Moorman, and the parents of John Bowles and his wife Ann. (Charles Lynch's Irish parents were not in America.) Based on the identity of the letter writer, Ithink I can safely limit the analysis to the Moorman and Clark families. The "twice removed generation" would include Christopher's parents (the big mystery), Edward Johnson and Elizabeth Walker, Thomas Moorman and Elizabeth Simpson, and Thomas Reynolds and Elizabeth Ashall. Of the above players, the _ONLY_ sibling relationship that would produce future cousins of the second remove are Thomas Moorman and Xpher Clark's mother. BINGO!!! Thomas Moorman's sister, Sally Ann married Micajah Clark. This sibling relationship produced the cousin, twice removed relationship between the Micajah Clark and Mary Ann Lynch. END [I need to urge caution here. First, there's absolutely NO PROOF that WALKER is the surname for Penelope's mother; SIMPSON has not been proven as the surname for Thomas Moorman's wife and the mother of the Elizabeth REYNOLDS I've tentatively positioned as wife of Charles Moorman is more probably a "Mary" than Elizabeth Ashall. Neither can we completely toss out the possibility of a BOWLES connection since men by that surname were neighbors of Capt. Christopher's in New Kent and Hanover Counties. It seems appropriate to include here Doug's summary of the book along with the above. LSS] The CANDLER FAMILY in Ireland and America by Doug Tucker APR 1996 This paper is based on _The Candler Family_ by Allen Daniel Candler, published privately in Atlanta, 1902. The Candler (or Kaendler) family originated in Norfolk and Suf folk Counties and were descendants of the prominent Vavosour family of Saxony. By the sixteenth century, a branch of the Candler family was established in the vicinity of Newcastle-on Tyne in Northumberland, where William Candler, the father of Mary Candler Moorman, was born in the early 17th century. William Candler went to Ireland as an Army Captain during Cromwell's Irish campaign, serving in a regiment commanded by Sir Hardness Waller. He won, "by meritorious conduct in the field", a promotion to Lt. Colonel and was granted the Barony of Callan by a grateful Cromwell and Parliament in 1653. William and his wife Anne, lived at Callan Castle which was about 16 miles from the town of Kilkenny (Today Kilkenny in Leinster Province, south west of Dublin. Earlier, the region was called Leix.) Anne Candler was the widow of Captain John Villiers of Wol verhampton. (Villiers' father, George, was the Duke of Buckin gham. An Aunt was the Duchess of York and had been the first wife of King James I. Pretty fair social connections! The family was prominent enough that someone should be able to track down Anne Villiers Candlers maiden name.) William and Anne Candler had two surviving sons, John and Thomas, and several daughters, including Mary who married Zachariah Moor man. Allen Candler mentions the Zachariah Moorman/Mary Candler connection only by inference, as his principal interest lay else where. However, it appears that Mary Candler Moorman was con siderably younger than many have previously reported. Her brothers were born in 1637 and 1641 in Northumberland, so my guess is that Mary Candler was born no earlier than 1633, also in Northumberland. It also appears the Candler family did not reside in Ireland until after 1649 and did not assume control of the Callan properties until 1653. Nowhere in the Allen Candler book did it say anything about the Candler famly residing in Bel fast. Perhaps that is where Zack and Mary Moorman lived after they were married and before they returned to the Isle of Wight. John Candler, son of William, had a single son named Thomas, who also had a single son, named Walsingham, (after the ancient Candler family seat in Walsingham, Norfolk) who died without issue -- extinguishing that particular branch of the Candlers. Thomas Candler of Callan (c1641-1715), the second son of William and Anne Candler, married Elizabeth Burrell (1) and Jane Tuite(2). Elizabeth Burrell died childless. By Jane Tuite, who Thomas married about 1685, Thomas had four sons, two of whom be came Church of England ministers. Rev. Henry Candler, D.D. be came the Archdeacon of Ossory and married Anne Flood of Burnschurch, the sister of the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland. Rev. William Candler was associated with the town of Castle Comer. (This spikes the idea the Candler family became Quakers while still in Ireland.) A third son, Thomas Jr., inherited Castle Callan but chose to live on a Dublin estate called Kil bine. The fourth son, Daniel Candler (b. about 1695) married Anna (other sources say Hannah), an Irish woman whose surname is not known. Unfortunately for Daniel and Anna, the English gentry of Ireland frowned deeply on marriages between English gentry and local Irish women. So Daniel and his Irish wife emigrated to America in 1735. They settled briefly in North Carolina but soon moved to Virginia where they settled in Bedford County, a few miles from Lynch's Crossing on the James River. Allen Candler reported that Daniel and Anna became Quakers _after arriving in Virginia._ Daniel died in 1765 but Anna lived to 105, dying in Lynchburg sometime around 1800. Daniel and Anna Candler had five sons and two daughters who sur vived to maturity. The first two, John and Elizabeth, were prob ably born in Ireland. William, Thomas, Henry, Zedekiah and Eleanor were born after the Candlers arrived in America. John, born in 1732, married Elizabeth Gibson and lived and died in Virginia. William, born in 1736 in NC, married Elizabeth An thony, daughter of Joseph Anthony and Elizabeth Clark. They lived in Virginia before moving to Georgia about 1768/69 where they lived near Wrightsville, which had a large Quaker community. Henry and Thomas Candler migrated to Surrey Co., North Carolina where they reportedly (sic -- married / died? LSS) before 1765. Eleanor married Byron Ballard in 1761. Elizabeth is referred to in Daniel's will as Elizaeth Caffrey, but doesn't mention her husband's first name. Zed Candler also was a renowned Indian fighter. He received a 5,000 acre land grant along Flat Branch near Lynch's Crossing, which he named Kilkenny after the town in Ireland near his family's Irish estate. He later received a large land grant in Pittsylvania Co. which he named Callan. (There is a town in Pit tsylvania Co. called Callands -- a corruption of Callan?) About 1772 Zed married Ann (Anna) Moorman, daughter of Zachariah Moorman and Betty Ann Terrell. Given that Zed was 33 years old when he married Ann, he may have had an earlier wife. As a bit of "flavor" to the Candler story, Zed and his oldest son, William Zachariah Candler, jointly acquired more than 40,000 acres in the vicinity of Asheville, NC. Wm Zachariah's great granddaughter, Mary Candler Lusk, sold the property to George Van- derbilt who built his mansion "Biltmore" on a piece of the Candler property. Near Asheville, there is a town of Candler and one called Candler View, both in the shadow of Candler Mountain.