CNDLRVST The CANDLER Family of Ireland: Revisiting the Irish Record by Douglas Tucker AUG 1996 [In his 2 SEP cover letter with this enclosure, Doug reports he is in contact with members of the GA CANDLER family whose ances tor, Allan Candler, cited the circa 1780s letters mentioned in DOUGCAND.asc. Hopefully, we'll one day receive a complete transcription of those letters. The following is a result of Doug' further digging into Irish records based on the "uncertainties" suggested in the 1984 O'Brien letter in my CANDLER.asc file. Quoting Doug: "Suffice it to say, that much of the Candler family legend pans out although some of it needs 'fine tuning' and a few pieces of the legend probably should be junked. Also, my Candler findings suggest one major modification to the Moorman family legend -- that Anne Villiers Candler was not Mary Candler Moorman's mother. Much of what follows will come as no surprise to researchers who have focused on the Candler line -- but to me it was new and eye-opening. As always, the accompanying Candler and Moorman material is 'research in progress'..." This is what makes this round-robin special; I shared the 1984 letter I was given by another researcher which "sent" Doug into records to check out the discrepancies. Someone else may see something of interest in the following and will follow up on another angle. By sharing "sourced" information with everyone, we may eventually make progress. I'm going to try something different with this report to see how it "translates" in the conversion to ascii for cyber transmission. Doug uses footnotes which appear at the end of the paper; this makes for much easier reading than my reports. [I type my sources within the text so I don't worry about them when moving text around.] For this, I'll follow Doug's example and see how it goes. As in other things, the content is completely Doug's; typing errors are mine. LSS] The essence of the CANDLER family legend has William Candler of Newcastle-upon-Tyne serving as an officer in Cromwell's Army during the Irish Rebellion of the mid-17th century. Candler served in Sir Hardress Waller's Regiment of foot and after the end of the campaign was elevated to the rank of Lt. Col. for "meritorious conduct in the field" by a grateful Cromwell and Par- liament and granted lands in the Barony of Callan, County Kilkenny. He brought his wife, Anne Villiers, widow of Capt. John Villiers, and family over to Ireland and made their Irish home at Callan Castle. William and Mary Candler had two sons, Thomas and John, and at least one daughter, Mary, who married Capt. Moorman. William and Anne Candler's youngest son, John, had a single son, Thomas, who lived at Kilbline, County Kilkenny. Thomas, in turn, had a single son named Walsingham who never married, ending that particular branch of the Candler family. (Walsingham was repor tedly named after the Candler ancestral home near Walsingham, Nor- folk, although I have not run across any other material that con firms this notion.) Their oldest son, Thomas, lived at Callan Castle in County Kilkenny. He married, first, Elizabeth Burrell and second, Jane Tuite. Elizabeth Burrell Candler died without bearing any surviv- ing children. Jane Tuite bore at least four sons, two of whom (William and Henry) became distinguished churchmen. William and Jane's youngest son, Daniel, reportedly disgraced the family by marrying an Irish girl and was banished to County Down in the north of Ireland. About 1735 Daniel took his family to the American Colonies where they initially settled in North Carolina and later moved to Bedford Co. Virginia. ***************************** The documentary evidence supporting the CANDLER legend is rela tively solid if incomplete. I have purposefully left off the part of the CANDLER legend which deals with how Daniel Candler reached America and what he did after arriving. Hopefully, that will be the subject of a future research project ... Summary of Findings: 1. During the Irish campaign, William Candler served as a Cap tain in the Kentish forces under Col. Phayre and later as part of Sir Hardress Waller's Regiment of Foot.1 His com y was dis banded in 1655 and most were given confiscated Irish land in County Wexford in-lieu-of back pay.2 Capt. Candler, a rela tively senior officer, did not follow his troops to Co. Wexford, but appears to have been granted property confiscated from Thady Carroll (O'Carroll) at Balliknocan in Kings County (now called 1_Regimental History of Cromwell's Army_,, 2 vols., Firth and Davis, Oxford, 1940. 2_Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland_, John P. Prendergast, Esq., London, 1865. 3Census of Ireland Circa 1659, by Dr. William Petty, edited by Seamus Pender, Dublin 1939 (on microfilm at LDS Family Libraries) Co. Offaly) in 1657.3 The amount of the land grant is unclear, but later Poll Tax data suggests that it was about 1,000 Irish acres (roughly 1,700 English acres).4 2. William Candler had a wife named Anne. The first paper reference to Anne as William's wife (that I have found) is during the 1661-1665 period.5 In an appendix to ei r the Acts of Settlement (1661) and/or Acts of Explanation (1665) (author O'Hart does not specify which of the Acts) William and Anne Candler are specifically identified as Royal "grantees" of property in Ireland. It is not clear to which of the Acts the Appendix was attached, but my guess is that it was attached to the 1665 Acts. The property involved in this grant could have been a "reconfirmation" of the earlier grant in Kings County or it may have been a "new" grant of land in Callan, Co. Kilkenny. The possible reason for the "new" grant is that after the Restora- tion of Charles II in 1660, the King agreed to return a substan tial portion of the Irish property confiscated earlier by Crom well. In cases where English settlers were dispossessed by the returning Irish, new properties were found for the settlers. We know for certain that the Candler family had acquired property in Callan, Co. Kilkenny by 1695. The only way to know which property was involved in the circa 1665 grant to William and Anne Candler is to see the grant document itself. 3. William Candler lived at a place called Balliknocan in Kings (Offaly) County, Ireland from roughly 1657 through at least 1661 and the Candler house d included four "English" persons.6 These four English persons did not include William's sons Thomas and John (who were both born after 1660) and may not have in cluded Anne Villiers Candler (who may not have married William Candler until 1662). This is a major modification to earlier in formation which had the Candler sons born in 1637 and 1641, respectively. 4. By 1659, William Candler had been granted the hereditary title "esquire" which in the scheme of English gentry was a step 4Poll Money Ordinance of 1660-1661. 5_The Irish and Anglo-Irish Landed Gentry_, O'Hart 6Petty, Census of Ireland 7Petty, Census. below "knight" and a step above "gentlemen".7 The title had to have been granted by either Cromwell, as English dictator, or by Parliament. Retired Army officers were usually granted the so cial rank of "gentleman", not "esquire". So, something more than retirement was at play in the case of William Candler. Though I have not seen any independent reference to the military promotion document cited in the Allan Candler and Charles Howard Candler biographies, it would seem that the award of the "esquire" title probably followed the promotion of William Candler to Lt. Col. for "meritorious conduct in the field." My suspicion is that the promotion was immediately followed by Wiliam Candler's retirement from the Army and that the "esquire" civil rank was appropriate for someone who held a colonel rank in the military. 5. William and Anne Candler had sons named Thomas and John. Thomas, the oldest male, inherited the "esquire" title from his father. He definitely lived at "Callan Castle" at the time of his second marriage to Jane Tuite which took place about 1697. There were three castles at Callan, a Norman "ruin" with a moat built in the 13th century by William the Marshall, a late 14th/early 15th century "fortified hall" built by the Butlers, and the town's western gatehouse which was known as Skerry's Castle. The Butler's fortified hall was later incorporated into the Georgian Manor House in West Court. Ruins of Skerry Castle remain today on West Street, Callan. Ruins of the Norman castle have all but disappeared. Which castle, if any, was associated with the Candlers in the 17th and 18th centuries is unclear. One possibility is that the Candlers simply named their residence Callan Castle and that it had no relationship to one of the old castles. Later baptismal records show Candlers still residing at Callan as late as 1767. (Henry Candler, oldest son of Capt. William Candler and Mary Vavasour of Weston Hall, Yorkshire, and grandson of Rev. Henry Candler of Callan Castle, was baptized at Callan in 1767 shortly before his parents moved permanently to dowry property in Acomb Parish, Yorkshire.) 6. Thomas Candler oldest son of William and Anne Candler, married twice. His first wife was Elizabeth Burrell, daughter of Capt. William and Elizabeth Phipps Burrell. Capt. Burrell had served with Capt. William Candler in the Waller Regiment. Thomas and Elizabeth were married circa 1687 and were childless when Elizabeth died circa 1695.9 7. Thomas Candler's second wife was Jane Tuite, daughter of Sir Henry Tuite, 3rd Baronet of Sonnagh, (Ireland). She also was grand niece of Sir Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon and a Proprietor of Carolina. For whatever it's worth, Jane Tuite was a first cousin once removed to the Duchess of York (Edward Hyde's only daughter) who was the first wife of James II and the mother 8_Burke's Peerage and Baronetage_, 101st Edition, J. B. Burke, Lon- don, 1956 9Burke. of Queen Anne and Queen Mary (of William & Mary). Thomas and Mary Tuite Candler were married circa 1697.10 8. Thomas Candler's will was probated in 1719. The probate record says he died in 1716 and states his age at death as 53. His will mentions his wife, Jane, four sons, none of whom are named, and properties at Callan City, the Liberties of Callan and Newcastle-upon-Tyne.11 Oldest son Thomas Jr., who inherit d his father's title but chose to live in Dublin, had a single son, John, who resided at Castlewood, Queens, Co. but died childless 10Burke 11_Index of the Perogative Wills of Ireland 1536-1810_, Sir Arthur Vicars, Dublin, 1897. 12_Col. William Candler of GA_, Allan D. Candler, Atlanta 1902 and _Asa Griggs Candler: A Biography_, by Charles Howard Candler, At lanta 1952. in 1774.12 (For what it's worth, Castlewood is considered one of the finest 18th century homes in Ireland, and has famous gardens. There should be documentation if a Candler lived there - but I haven't run across any. Perhaps Castlewood is a geographic area as well as a noted home.) Second son, William Candler, became Rector of Eirke, St. Mary's Parish in Castlecomer, Co. Kilkenny and died in Castlecomer circa 1753.13 Accordi g to Candler family authors, Rev. William Candler and wife Mary Ryves Candler had two daughters but no sons.14 However, although Mary Ryves position as wife of Rev. Wil- liam Candler is well documented, there may have been a second wife whose last name was Aston (from a noted Anglo-Irish family). Whatever the case, William had no male children and these two branches (Thomas Jr./John and William) of the Candler family tree ended. 9. Third son Henry Candler became Rector of Callan as well as the Archdeacon (business manager) of the Diocese of Ossory 13Vicars 14Vicars and Candler(s) 15Vicars and _History and Antiquities of the Diocese of Ossory_, Rev. William Carrigan, 4 volumes, Dublin 1905 (Church of Ireland) which encompassed most of County Kilkenny.15 10. Rev. Henry Candler married Anne Flood, daughter of Francis Flood, esq. and Anne Warden Flood of Burnchurch, Co. Kilkenny. Because older brother Thomas preferred living in Dublin, Henry and Ann lived at Callan Castle where they raised three sons, Thomas, William and Henry Jr. Rev. Henry Candler Sr.'s will was probated in 1760.16 His son Rev. Henry Jr., died in 1784.17 have no information on oldest son, Thomas, who lived at Callan Castle like his father and grandfather. Henry Jr. followed his father into the Church and resided in Kilkenny City. Henry Jr. died in 1784.18) 11. Henry and Ann's son, William, served as an Army Captain, and married Mary Vavasour of Weston Hall, Yorkshire. William and Mary lived for a short period at Callan, (their first child was christened there) but later resided in Acomb Parish, Yorkshire, about 30 mi. west of the City of York. My assumption is the Acomb Parish property was Vavasour property as Mary was the only 16Vicars, Carrigan, and _Abstracts of Wills, 1708-1785_, vol. 1, edited by P.B. Eustace, Registry of Deeds, Dublin 1965-1956. 17Vicars 18Vicats 19_Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and child of William Vavasour of Weston Hall, Yorkshire.19 (This link to the Vavasour family is well-documented. Suggestion that Anne Villiers Candler's maiden name also was Vavasour has not been substantiated.) 12. Edward Candler, of Callan and Moreton Pinkney, Northampton married Baroness Maria Janet Sempill of Dun Eden, Edinburgh, Scot- land in 1836. The title had devolved to "Janet" Sempill when her older brother, Lord Selkirk Sempill, died without issue in 1835. After her death in 1884, the Sempill title reverted to a first cousin, William Forbes, 8th Baronet of Craigievar, Scotland. Ed ward Candler had the family's last name changed to "Sempill" by royal license in 1853.20 Edward was the great grandson f Rev. Henry Candler Sr. and Ann Flood, and grandson of Thomas Candler, oldest son of Rev. Henry Candler. (Unable so far to pinpoint Edward's father.) 13. Mrs. Anne Villiers Candler _probably was not_ the mother of the Mary Candler who married Zachariah Moorman. So far, I can't prove Anne wasn't Mary's mother - but I can point out indirect clues that make it highly improbable. For example, a John Vil liers, who is the best "candidate" for Anne's first husband, was alive as late as 1648. He was a cavalry Major (not Captain) in Col. Michael Jones' Regiment of Horse. This particular Jones regiment was raised in 1648 and Maj. Villiers is on the May, 1648 muster list. A footnote in Firth and Davis' book on the Regimen tal History of Cromwell's Army cites (English) House of Commons Journals (vol. VII, pg 38) for reporting that Maj. John Villiers was "killed" in Ireland sometime after 1684.21 Of course, the Captain John Villiers who reportedly was Anne's first husband could have been someone else altogether. So far, the only other candidates I have located who could be considered a blood relative of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, is (1) John Villiers, 3rd Viscount Grandison, who was a nephew of the Duke of Buckingham, and (2) John Villiers of Hoby, Leicester, who was a distant cousin and whose parents were Richard and Elizabeth Villers. (See paper on the Villiers Family) [dougcand.asc ? LSS] What little we know about Mary Candler Moorman suggests that she was born circa 1636. Her oldest surviving son, Thomas Moorman, was born about 1658. [This is "supposedly" the Thomas who signed the 1677 grievance list in Blisland Parish, New Kent Co. VA. LSS] Ann Villiers Candler had two sons, Thomas and John Candler born in 1663 and 1665, respectively. Thus, it is extremely unlikely Mary and Thomas and John had the same mother. Who were Mary Candler Moorman's parents? The most likely answer is that she was William Candler's daughter by an earlier mar riage. Scotland_, J. B. Burke, London 1977 20Burke _Peerage_ and Burke _Extinct_ 21Davis. [Doug promises to follow up soon on that last remark. LSS]