Person Page - 344

     Markgraf von Saluzzo Aledram II di Saluzzo was born circa 990. He married Adele von Mailand, daughter of Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand and Adele (?).¹ Markgraf von Saluzzo Aledram II di Saluzzo died before 1055.¹

     Comte in Domnee Haimon I de Dol married Roianteline (?).¹ Comte in Domnee Haimon I de Dol died before 1055.¹

     Vicomte de Thouars Geoffroy II de Thouars was born before 980. He was the son of vicomte de Thouars Savary IV de Thouars.¹ Vicomte de Thouars Geoffroy II de Thouars married Ainor (?) dite Aldearde before 1020. Vicomte de Thouars Geoffroy II de Thouars died circa 1055 at St. Michael, Lherm. Died a monk.

     Bernard III de Melgueil was born before 989. He was the son of N. N. de Melgueil. Bernard III de Melgueil married Adele of Substantion before 1010. Bernard III de Melgueil died circa 1055.

     Graf im Wipp- und Norital Pilgrim III von Rott was born circa 970?. He was the son of Graf an der Sempt Poppo II von Rott.¹ Count in the Wipp- and Norital between 1039 and 1047.¹ Graf im Wipp- und Norital Pilgrim III von Rott died circa 1055.¹

     Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria also went by the name of Siward "the Strong" Siward Digera (‘the Strong’) (= Old Danish Sigwarth).² Also called Earl Siward of Deira.² He was born circa 980. He was the son of Bjørn Úlfsson. Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria married Ælfflæd of Northumbria, daughter of Earl of Northumbria Aldred of Northumbria, before 1018; His 1st.^3,4,5 Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria was born circa 1020 at Denmark. He was came to England with the Danish invaders before 1031. Earl of Deira at England between 1032 and 1042.² He was the successor of Earl of Northumbria Eadwulf II of Northumbria; Earl of Northumbria beyond the Tees.⁶ Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria witnessed the death of Earl of Northumbria Eadwulf II of Northumbria circa 1041; He was murdered by Siward the Dane.⁷ Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria killed Eadulf, the Earl of Northumberland, in 1041. Earl of southern (Danish) Northumbria at England between 1042 and 1055.⁷ Earl of all Northumbria, from Humber to Tweed at England between 1042 and 1055.^2,6,7 He restored Athelric, the Bishop of Durham, in 1044. He was a witness where Maldred mac Crínán placed on the throne of Scotland by Siward, Earl of Northumbria, in 1045. Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria invaded Scotland and placed Duncan's brother Maldred on the throne in 1045. He was a witness where Máel Coluim mac Donnchadha, Ard-rí Alban installed by his uncle, Earl Siward of Northumbria, as the Lord of Strathclyde and Lothian in 1054. Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria led a force of English and Danes against the Scottish usurper MacBeth in 1054 at the Battle of Dunsinane.⁷ He installed his nephew Malcolm Canmore as Lord of Strathclyde and Lothian in 1054. He died in 1055 at York, England.^3,2 He was the predecessor of Earl of Northumbria Tostig Godewinesson of Wessex; Earl of all Northumbria.⁵ Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria was buried in Abbey of Galmanho, near York, England.⁵

     Godgifu, Princess of the English was sister of Edward the Confessor.⁶ Also called Goda.¹ She was born in 1003. She was the daughter of Æthelred II "the Unready", King of the English and Emma Regina.^4,5 Godgifu, Princess of the English married Dreux, comte d'Amiens, son of Gautier II "the White", comte de Vexin, Valois, et Amiens and Adèle de Senlis; Her 1st.^7,8,9,4 Godgifu, Princess of the English died in 1035 at age 32 years.³ She married Eustache I, comte de Boulogne, son of Baudouin II, comte de Boulogne and Adelaide van Holland, in 1050; Her 2nd.^8,4 Godgifu, Princess of the English died in 1049 at age 46 years.¹ She died in 1055 at age 52 years. She died without issue by her second marriage.⁷

     Gilla Pátraic mac Donnchada, rí Osraige was the son of Donnchad mac Gillai Pátraic, rí Osraige & Laigin d'urmhór.¹ Gilla Pátraic mac Donnchada, rí Osraige died in 1055.² Annals of Tigernach 1055: "Gilla Padraic rí Osraige do éc."²

     Bonifaz II, Markgraf von Canossa-Tuszien was only son of Boniface I by his second wife, Beatrice, daughter of Duke Frederick II.¹ He was born circa 1040.¹ He was the son of Bonifaz I, Markgraf von Tuszien-Canossa and Beatrix, Markgräfin von Tuszien.¹ Margrave of Canossa-Tuscany at Italy between 1052 and 1055.¹ Bonifaz II, Markgraf von Canossa-Tuszien died in 1055.¹

     Hervé I de Donzy married Mathilda de Chalon, daughter of Thibaud, comte de Chalon and Ermentrude (?); Uncle/niece.² Hervé I de Donzy died in 1055.³

     Ainor (?) dite Aldearde was born circa 990. She married vicomte de Thouars Geoffroy II de Thouars, son of vicomte de Thouars Savary IV de Thouars, before 1020. Ainor (?) dite Aldearde died after 1055.

     Also called Manasse Calva Asina von Rameru German.¹ Manasses "the Bold" of Rheims was born circa 995. He married Beatrix de Hainaut, daughter of Régnier IV, comte de Hainaut and Adwige de France, after 1016; Her 2nd. Manasses "the Bold" of Rheims died after 1055.¹

     Bretislav I, Kníze Ceská was born circa 1003.¹ He was the son of Odalrich, Kníze Ceská and Bozena (?).¹ Bretislav I, Kníze Ceská married Judith von Schweinfurt, daughter of Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau and Gerberge von Henneberg, Markgräfin im bayerischen Nordgau, in 1021.^1,2,3 Bretislav I, Kníze Ceská invaded Poland, sacked Poznan and Gniezno, stole the relics of Adalbert, the patron saint of Poland, and then captured Silesia between 1037 and 1038.⁴ Duke of Bohemia between 1037 and 1055. He was a witness where Kazimierz I Odnowiciel, Król Polska returned to Poland, and in these dramatic circumstances, his return encountered no opposition from the local nobles, and proceeded to reconstruct the state and restore its economy and civilization, regaining Silesia and incorporating Mazovia as well, in 1038.⁴ Bretislav I, Kníze Ceská died on 10 January 1055.^1,3

     Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was the father of Maria Monomacha; the daughter of the Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachus.⁵ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was related to Maria Monomacha; a relative (usually thought to be a daughter, but with little justification) of emperor Konstantin IX.⁶ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was the last scion, in the male line, of the ancient family of the Monomachi.⁴ A mosaic reads: Konstantinos en Christôi tôi Theôi Autokratôr pistos Basileus Rhomaiôn ho Monomachos at the church of Haghia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey. Also called Constantine "the Well Born" Euergetes = well, or high, born. He was born circa 980.⁷ He was the son of Theodosius Monomachus.⁴ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn married Argyra, daughter of Basilios Argyros; His 2nd.⁸ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn associated with (?) Sklerina, daughter of Romanos Skleros and N. N. bint Abu Taglib Fad'lallah al-Taghlibi, before 1025; Mistress. Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was the successor of Zoë, basilissa Rhomaiôn; Empress.⁹ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was exiled to the island of Mytilini [ie. Lesbos] by the emperor Michael V, because he had been a threat to his emperorship circa 1041.¹⁰ He married Zoë, basilissa Rhomaiôn, daughter of Constantine VIII Porphyrogenitos, basileus Rhomaiôn and Helena of Constantinople, on 12 June 1042 at Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Byzantium; His 3rd. Her 3rd.^11,12 Co-Emperor at Byzantine Empire between 12 June 1042 and 1050.¹⁰ When Michael V was deposed by a Byzantine mob, then blinded and exiled to a monastery, Zoe and her sister Theodora were proclaimed co-empresses on Easter Tuesday, 1042. Quarrels, however, broke out between the sisters; and, in order to secure her position, Zoe married Constantine IX Monomachus, a man of good family, with whom she shared the throne until her death. Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was a witness where Stefan Vojislav, knez Duklje freed himself from Byzantine suzerainty winning a decisive battle near Bar circa 1043. Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn and (?) Sklerina caused a revolt in Constantinople with their continued affair on 9 March 1044. Zoë, Constantine's wife, was in fact very accepting of this affair. The citizens were not. Only on the appeal of Zoë and her sister Theodora did the revolt die down. Constantine punished many of those who partook in the revolt.⁴ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn witnessed the death of (?) Sklerina after April 1044; Constantine was grief stricken. Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn seized the Bagratid capital at Ani in 1045 at Armenia.¹³ Described by Psellus thusly: "It was a marvel of beauty that Nature brought into being in the person of this man, so justly proportioned, so harmoniously fashioned, that there was no one in our time to compare with him. To this symmetry she added a robust vigour, as though she were laying firm foundations for a beautiful house. This strength that she gave him was not manifest in long hands or the great size of his limbs or other parts of his body: rather, I fancy, she hid it deep in his heart, for it was not revealed In the parts that were visible. They, in facts were more distinguished for their beauty and proportion than for any unusual size. Indeed, his hands were only moderately big, and the same can be said of his fingers: their medium size was most noticeable, but they were endowed with more than ordinary strength, for there was no object, however hard and solid, which he could not very easily crush with his hands and break in pieces. An arm gripped by the man was painful for days. They do say that he rode very well too and was a very fast runner, supple and light, and absolutely without a rival in the pentathlon, so strong was he and agile and swift of foot."⁴ He was a good man, he loved and serviced all the people as well in return he was loved and flattered by all.¹⁰ Emperor at Byzantine Empire between 1050 and 1055. He married augusta Eirena Bagratuni, daughter of anti-King of Georgia Demetre Bagratuni, between 1050 and 1055; Her 1st.¹⁴ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn liked theatres, mimics and jokers and many of them that the were poor they became rich.¹⁰ He constructed the great monastery of Mangana in the name of the great martyr George.¹⁰ He was was involved with the Great Schism (which seperated the Eastern and Western Churches) on 16 July 1054 at Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, Byzantium. He died on 11 January 1055.⁷ Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn was buried in the Church of Saint George of the Mangana, Constantinople, Byzantium. He was buried alongside his beloved Skerlaina.¹⁰

     Also called Graf von Tusculum Teophylakt von Spoleto.¹ Pope Benedict IX of the Roman Catholics was born circa 1000.¹ He was the son of Graf von Tusculum , Consul et Dux Alberich III von Spoleto and Ermilina (?).¹ Pope Benedict IX of the Roman Catholics was the successor of Pope John XIX of the Roman Catholics; 143rd Pope.² 144th Pope between January 1032 and 1 May 1045.³ 148th Pope between 8 November 1047 and 16 July 1048.⁴ Pope Benedict IX of the Roman Catholics was the predecessor of Pope Damasus II of the Roman Catholics; 149th Pope.^5,6 Pope Benedict IX of the Roman Catholics died between 18 September 1055 and 9 January 1056.¹

     Welf III, Herzog von Kärnten was the only son of Welf II of Altdorf and Irmengard of Luxemburg.¹ He was born circa 1007.¹ He was the son of Welf II, Graf von Altdorf and Irmengard, Gräfin von Altdorf. Welf III, Herzog von Kärnten was enfeoffed as duke of Carinthia in 1047.² Duke of Carinthia at Austria between 1047 and 1055.^1,3 Vogt von Altomünster, Ochsenhausen, Kempten, Füssen und Weingarten.¹ Markgraf von Verona.¹ He died on 13 November 1055 at Burg Bodman am Bodensee. He died without male successor, and ending the elder Welf family in the male line.^1,4 Welf III, Herzog von Kärnten was buried in Kloster Weingarten.¹ He was the predecessor of Konrad III von Bonngau, Herzog von Kärnten; Duke of Carinthia.³

     Konrad I, Herzog von Bayern was only surviving son of Liudolf, Count of Zütphen, by Mathilda, heiress of Otto I, Count of Zütphen.¹ He was born circa 1020.¹ He was the son of Liudolf, Graf von Zütphen and Mathilde von Zütphen.¹ Konrad I, Herzog von Bayern was the successor of Heinrich II, Graf von Luxemburg; Duke of Bavaria.² Konrad I, Herzog von Bayern was a representative of the family with the best chance of being elected as King of Germany should Henry III have died without a son in 1045.¹ He was passed over in the palatine succession when Otto relinquished that office to become duke of Swabia in 1045.³ He was raised to Duke in the bavarian metropolis of Regensburg in 1049.¹ He was summoned as yet another foreign duke for Bavaria in 1049.¹ Duke of Bavaria at German Empire between 1049 and 1053.¹ He was deposed from the Bavarian duchy in 1053.³ He married Judith von Schweinfurt, Herzogin von Bayern, daughter of Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben and Irmingard von Turin; Her 1st.^1,4 Konrad I, Herzog von Bayern died on 5 December 1055. He died while attempting to assassinate the emperor and seize the throne.^1,5,6 Konrad I, Herzog von Bayern was buried in St. Mariengraden, Cologne, German Empire.¹

     Manassés II, comte de Réthel was born in 954. He was the son of Manassés I, comte de Réthel and Odilie (?).¹ Manassés II, comte de Réthel was an adherant of Charles, Duke of Lorraine, against Hugh Capet between 974 and 990. He married Yvette de Roucy, daughter of Gilbert, comte de Reims & de Roucy and N. N. de Poitiers, before 994; His 1st.¹ Count of Rethel between 1048 and 1056. Manassés II, comte de Réthel died in 1056 at age 102 years.² He was the predecessor of Manassés III, comte de Réthel; Count of Rethel.

     Manasses de St. Pol was born circa 1020. He was the son of Roger de St. Pol. Manasses de St. Pol died after 1056.

     Osmund Basset was born circa 1025 at Ouilly Basset, Normandy, France. He was the son of Fouque de Aulney. Osmund Basset died after 1056.

     Graf von Kastl Hermann I "der Ältere" von Babenberg was the older son of Herzogs Hermann IV von Schwaben and Adelheid von Turin.² He was born circa 1036?. He was the son of Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa and Markgräfin von Turin, Herzogin von Schwaben Adelheid von Turin.¹ Graf von Kastl Hermann I "der Ältere" von Babenberg married Gräfin von Scheyern Haziga von Dießen, daughter of Friedrich II, Graf an der Sempt, von Dießen, Domvogt von Regensburg and Gräfin von Dießen Hadamut von Eppenstein; Her 1st. 3rd cousins, 1x removed.^1,3,4 Graf von Kastl Hermann I "der Ältere" von Babenberg died on 27 January 1056. "Hermannus comes orientalium Francorum obiit."^2,5

     Hermann II, Erzbischof von Köln was born circa 995.¹ He was the son of Erenfried, Pfalzgraf von Lothringen and Mathilda von Sachsen, Pfalzgräfin von Lothringen.¹ Archbishop of Cologne between 1036 and 1056.^1,2 Hermann II, Erzbischof von Köln died on 11 February 1056.¹

     Theophanu, Äbtissin von St. Cosmos zu Essen was born circa 997?. She was the daughter of Erenfried, Pfalzgraf von Lothringen and Mathilda von Sachsen, Pfalzgräfin von Lothringen.¹ Theophanu, Äbtissin von St. Cosmos zu Essen died on 5 March 1056.¹

     Hélie de Semur was the mother of Henri de Bourgogne; the son of Robert I de Borgonha and Hélie de Sémur-en-Brionnais.⁴ Also called Hélie de Sémur-en-Brionnais.⁴ Hélie de Semur was born in 1016 at France.⁵ She was the daughter of sire de Semour-en-Auxios Dalmace de Semur and Aremburge de Vergy.^2,3 Hélie de Semur married Robert I "le Vieux", duc de Bourgogne, son of Robert II "le Pieux", roi des Francs and Constance de Provence dit d'Arles, in 1033; His 1st. From this marriage descend the Dukes of Burgundy.^2,6 Hélie de Semur died on 22 April 1056 at age 40 years.⁷

     Basilissa Rhomaiôn Theodora of Byzantium was the daughter of the emperor Constantine VIII.⁵ She was born circa 981 at Constantinople, Byzantine Empire.⁵ She was the daughter of Constantine VIII Porphyrogenitos, basileus Rhomaiôn and Helena of Constantinople.^1,2,3,4 Basilissa Rhomaiôn Theodora of Byzantium possessed a strong and austere character and refused the hand of the heir presumptive, Romanus, who was married instead to her sister Zoe in 1028.⁵ She was a witness where Zoë, basilissa Rhomaiôn confined her sister Theodora, for reasons of jealousy and suspected conspiracy, to a monastery circa 1029.⁵ Basilissa Rhomaiôn Theodora of Byzantium was confined in a monastery by her sister, Zoë, circa 1029.⁵ Co-Emperess at Byzantine Empire between 1042 and 1055.⁵ She and Zoë, basilissa Rhomaiôn were raised to the throne by the popular movement that caused the dethronement of Michael V on 21 April 1042 at Constantinople, Byzantine Empire.⁵ Basilissa Rhomaiôn Theodora of Byzantium was the successor of Konstantin IX Euergetes Monomachus, basileus Rhomaiôn; Emperor. Empress at Byzantine Empire between 1055 and 1056.^6,5 Basilissa Rhomaiôn Theodora of Byzantium died on 21 August 1056 at Constantinople, Byzantine Empire. She was the last of the Macedonian line, which had ruled Byzantium for 189 years, descended from her great-grandfather Basil I.^7,5 She was co-ruler with basileus Rhomaiôn Michael VI Gerontas Stratiotikos; Emperor.^6,8,7,3 . She was buried in a monastery that was built by herself named Ecoproastia.³

     Graf von Haldensleben at Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany.² Konrad, Graf von Haldensleben was born circa 1020. He was the son of Bernard II von Haldensleben, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark and Gräfin von Orlamünda. Konrad, Graf von Haldensleben died before 10 September 1056.²

      Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was the son of the emperor Conrad II and Gisela of Swabia.⁷ Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich also went by the name of Henry "the Black". He was a witness where Adalbert I, Markgraf von Mailand an opponent of Henry II of Germany. He was captured in flight on the Engelsbrucke. Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was born on 28 October 1017. The only son.^4,5,7 He was the son of Konrad II "der Salier", imperator augustus and Kaiserin Gisela von Schwaben.^3,4,5,6 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was approved by the German nobles as the successor to the German throne in February 1026.^4,5,8 He was more thoroughly trained for his office than almost any other crown prince before or after.⁷ He made successor of Henry of Luxembourg (Duke Henry V of Bavaria) in July 1027.^9,8 Duke of Bavaria at Kingdom of Germany, German Empire, between July 1027 and 1041.^5,7,8 He was was crowned by his father, Conrad, following his election and anointment at an imperial court in March 1028 at Aachen, Germany.^4,5 He was the successor of Herman IV, Herzog von Schwaben, Markgraf von Turin-Susa; Duke of Swabia.^9,10 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich married Kunigunde of Denmark, daughter of Knut "den Stor" Sveinsson, King of England and Denmark and Emma Regina, in June 1036; His 1st.^3,11,12,7 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich succeeded his fourth cousin, once removed, Herman IV, to the duchy of Swabia in 1038. Duke of Swabia at Kingdom of Germany, German Empire, between 1038 and 1045.^9,5,7 King of Burgundy at Holy Roman Empire in 1039.⁵ He succeeded his father to the throne of Germany in 1039.⁵ King of Germany at German Empire between 1039 and 1056.^9,5,7 He styled himself "Rex Romanorum" not worrying what the Emperor in Byzantium (who called *himself* King of the Romans) thought in 1040.¹³ He was announced at a synod that he would reform the Western Church and recreate Charlemagne's theocracy in 1043 at Constance. He married Agnès, Kaiserin der Römisches Reich, daughter of Guillaume III "le Grand", comte de Poitou et duc d' Aquitaine and Agnes de Bourgogne, on 1 November 1043 at Ingelheim; His 2nd.^3,5,14,15 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was the predecessor of Otto II, Herzog von Schwaben; Duke of Swabia.^9,16 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich deposed Pope Sylvester III before 5 May 1045.¹⁷ Emperor of the Romans at German Empire between 1046 and 1056.^9,7 He compelled Pope Gregory VI to abdicate before 24 December 1046.¹⁷ He was a witness where Louis II, comte de Chiny entertained the Emperor Henry III and King Henry I of France in 1048. Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich deposed Pope Benedict IX before July 1048.¹⁷ He was a witness where Louis, comte de Montbéliard was an adherant of Emperor Henry II in the Burgundian Wars before 1056. Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich died on 5 October 1056 at Pfalz Bodfeld, Hartz, Saxony, Germany, at age 38 years, 11 months and 7 days.^4,12,5,7,18 Heinrich III "der Schwarze", Kaiser der Römisches Reich was buried in Speyer, Germany. Annales Mellicensis 1057: "Heinricus III imperator obiit 3 Nonas Octobris; filius Heinricus IV successit."¹⁸

     Nivès, dame de Faye la Vineuse was born circa 1000.¹ She was the daughter of Ayrard, seigneur de Faye la Vineuse.¹ Nivès, dame de Faye la Vineuse married Aimery I, seigneur de Loudun.¹ Nivès, dame de Faye la Vineuse died before 1057.¹

     Fredesende de Normandie was per Stasser, daughter of Richard II by unknown "danish wife."¹ She was per RFC the daughter of Duke Richard I of Normandy.² Also called Fressende.³ She was born circa 986. She married Tancred de Hauteville before 1015; His 2nd.^2,3 Fredesende de Normandie was "in birth and morals ... by no means inferior to [Tancred's] first wife".⁴ She died in 1057.²

     Edward "the Exile", Prince of England was born circa January 1017 at Wessex, England. Born posthumously to his father.^2,6 He was the son of Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English and Ealdgyth Morcardóttir of Northumbria.^4,5 Edward "the Exile", Prince of England was was exiled to Hungary where he probably held lands in Berenger County before 1043. He married Agatha of Bulgaria, daughter of Gavril Radomir, Tsar of Bulgaria and Hercegnõ Magyarország, circa 1043.^7,2,5 Edward "the Exile", Prince of England died in 1057 at London, Middlesex, England.^2,8,6,9 Edward "the Exile", Prince of England was buried in St. Paul's Minster, London, England.⁹

     Also called Umfredo d' Altavilla Italian.³ Onfroi, duc d' Apulia was born circa 1011 at Hauteville-la-Guichard, Normandy, France.⁴ He was the son of Tancred de Hauteville and Muriella de Normandie.^1,2 Onfroi, duc d' Apulia arrived in Italy with his older brothers William "Iron Arm" and Dreu circa 1035.⁵ He was a witness where Dreu, comte d' Apulia arrived in Italy with his older brother William "Iron Arm" and his younger brother Humphrey circa 1035.⁵ Onfroi, duc d' Apulia was a witness where Guillaume "Bras de Fer", comte d' Apulia arrived in Italy, responding to an appeal for reinforcements in Italy by the Norman Rainulf of Aversa, with his younger brothers Dreu and Humphrey circa 1035.^5,6 Count of Lavello at Potenza, Basilicata, Italy, in 1045.³ Onfroi, duc d' Apulia became Count of Lavello in 1045 at Italy.³ He was the successor of Dreu, comte d' Apulia; Count of Apulia.^7,2,5 Onfroi, duc d' Apulia married the sister of the Lombard prince Gaimar V of Salerno circa 1051.³ He led the Norman conquest of southern Italy after the deaths of his older brothers William and Drogo and succeeded them as count of Apulia in 1051.³ Count of Apulia at Norman Italy between 1051 and 1057.^7,2 He was played an important role in the decisive Battle of Civitate, in which the Normans defeated a papal army and Pope Leo IX was taken prisoner in 1053.³ He was a witness where Pope Leo IX led a small troop against the Normans in southern Italy (the de Hautevilles), who captured him , and held him prisoner in Benevento for nine months, in 1053.⁸ Onfroi, duc d' Apulia escorted the Pope, on his release and return to Rome, as far as Capua, north of Naples in 1054.³ He designated his half brother Robert Guiscard as successor and guardian of his infant son Abelard circa 1056.³ "Mortuus est Humphredus, et intravit comes Apuliae Robertus, qui dictus est Guiscardus." In 1056.⁹ He died in 1057 at Melfi, Apulia, Italy.^7,3 He was the predecessor of Robert "Guiscard", duc d' Apulia; Count of Apulia.^7,2

     Earl of Hereford Ralph "the Timid" de Sudeley was born circa 1030. He was the son of Dreux, comte d'Amiens and Godgifu, Princess of the English.^2,3,4 Earl of Hereford at Welsh Marches, England, between 1053 and 1057.^5,4 Earl of Hereford Ralph "the Timid" de Sudeley was disgraced for cowardice against the Welsh in 1055.⁵ He died in 1057.³

     Renaud de Soissons was born circa 980. He was the son of Nocher II de Bar-sur-Aube and Aelis de Soissons. Renaud de Soissons married Aelis de Roucy before 1010. Renaud de Soissons died in 1057.

     Thorfinnr Sigurdsson, Orknøyjarl also went by the name of Thorfinn "the Black" of Orkney.³ He was born in 1009.³ He was the son of Sigurdr Digri Hlödversson, Orknøyjarl and Donada MacKenneth.^1,2 Earl of Caithness at Scotland in 1014.^4,3 Thorfinnr Sigurdsson, Orknøyjarl was made Earl of Caithness by his grandfather the Scottish King Malcolm MacKenneth, who thereby claimed a right to dispose of territory over which he had previously had no control, in 1014.³ Jarl of one-third of Orkney in 1016?.^5,3 He spent the summer at the court of St. Olaf in 1020 at Norway.³ Jarl of all Orkney and Shetland at autumn in 1030.⁶ Ruler of Scotland at the area north and east of the Tay between 14 August 1040 and 1059.⁵ He married Ingibjörg Finnsdóttir, daughter of Finn Arnesson of Holland and Bergljót Hálfdanardóttir of Ringerike, circa 1052; Her 1st.^2,5 Thorfinnr Sigurdsson, Orknøyjarl died in 1057 at age 48 years.^2,5

     Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí was the son of mórmaer Moreb Ruairaidh mac Domnaill.^1,2,3 Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí was son of Ruadidri.¹ Lord of Glammis.⁴ Also called Synel.⁴ Also called King Finley of Scotland. He was the successor of mórmaer Moreb Ruairaidh mac Domnaill; mórmaer of Moray.⁵ Mórmaer of Moray at Scotland between 990 and 1020.^6,7 Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí was a witness where Sigurdr Digri Hlödversson, Orknøyjarl defeated Findlaech of Moray in 995 at Skidmoor, Caithness, Scotland, Britain.⁸ Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí was defeated by Sigurd II, the Jarl of Orkney, in 995 at Skidmoor, Caithness, Scotland, Britain.⁸ He married Donada MacKenneth, daughter of Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, rí Alban, circa 1001.^9,6,4 King of Alba at Scotland before 1020.¹⁰ Annals of Ulster 1020: "Finnlaech son of Ruaidrí, king of Alba, was killed by his own people. / Finnloech m. Ruaidhri, ri Alban, a suis occisus est."¹⁰ Annals of Tigernach 1020: "Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí mormaer Moreb a filiis fratris suí Mael Brighdi occisus est."¹ Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí died in 1020. Murdered by his own people.^1,7,10 He was the predecessor of rí Alban Máel Coluim mac Mael-Brighdi; mórmaer of Moray.¹¹ Rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí died in 1057. Killed.⁹

     Duke of Salonica Andronikos Rhodocanakis was born in 1003.¹ He was the son of Duke of Salonica John Rhodocanakis and Pulcherra Argyre.¹ Duke of Salonica Andronikos Rhodocanakis married Zoë Dalassena, daughter of Konstantinos Dalassenos and Anna Gavra, in 1043; His 2nd.¹ Duke of Salonica Andronikos Rhodocanakis died in 1057 at age 54 years.¹

     Alfonso Ordoñez de León was born circa 1004?. He was the son of Ordoño Ramírez de León and Christina Bermúdez de León.^2,3 Alfonso Ordoñez de León married Fronilde (?).² Alfonso Ordoñez de León died in 1057.¹

     Niketas Pegonites was born circa 982. He died after 1057.

     Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona was the daughter of Roger I, comte de Carcassone, and Adelais, sister of Baldwin de Pons.⁴ Also called Ermesende de Foix.⁵ She was born circa 972. She was the daughter of Roger I "el Viejo", comte de Comminges and Adelais de Pons.³ Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona married Ramón Borrell, conde de Barcelona, son of Borrell II, conde de Barcelona, Gerona y Ausona and Luitgarde de Toulouse, between 990 and 991.^1,4 Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona was a witness where Berenguer Ramón I "el Curvo", conde de Barcelona, Gerona y Ausona entirely under the control of his mother -- but made some settlement of the political conditions of the country, by recognizing, granting or codifying the fueros and liberties of Barcelona, which at that time included Gerona, Ausona and Manresa between 1018 and 1035.⁶ Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona entirely controlled the county of Barcelona, then ruled by her son Berenguer-Ramon I, between 1018 and 1035. She established herself in Gerona and claimed the greater part of her grandson, Ramon Berenguer I's, dominions as her own circa 1036.⁶ She was a witness where Ramón Berenguer I "el Viejo", conde de Barcelona able to extend his influence in two directions after a preliminary struggle with his grandmother, who had established herself in Gerona and claimed the greater part of his dominions as her own, and extended his frontiers as far as Barbastro by conquests from the Moors; and in other directions, more especially in the south, where Moorish chieftains and governors paid him tribute and acknowledged his supremacy.⁶ Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona died on 1 March 1057.^1,4 Ermesinde, regente de Barcelona was buried in the Cathedral, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

     Markgraf von Friesland Brun von Braunschweig was born circa 1024.¹ He was the son of Liudolf, Graf von Braunschweig and Gertrude van Holland, Gräfin von Braunschweig.¹ Markgraf von Friesland Brun von Braunschweig died on 26 June 1057.¹

     Pope Victor II of the Roman Catholics was of noble birth.² He was of Dollnstein at Kreis Eichstätt, Bavaria.² He was not the son, as McBride and Plantagenet Ancestry suggests, of Albert I, Graf von Calw. Also called Gebhard von Eichstätt.² He was born in 1012 at Swabia.^3,1 He was the son of Hartwig I von Eichstätt and Beliza von Eichstätt.¹ Pope Victor II of the Roman Catholics was Count of Dollnstein-Hirschberg before 1042 at Bavaria. Bishop of Eichstätt at northwest of Ingolstadt, Bavaria, in 1042.² He died on 28 July 1057 at Arezzo, Tuscany, Italy, at age 45 years. He was in Tuscany settling a jurisdictional dispute between the bishops of Arezzo and Siena when he fell sick and died.^2,1,4 Pope Victor II of the Roman Catholics was buried in Ravenna, Italy.

     Also called King of Scotland Macbeth MacRory.² Mac Bethad m. Findláech m. Ruaidrí m. Domnaill m. Morgáin ut supra.⁴ Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech was born circa 1005. He was the son of rí Alban Fíndlaech mac Ruaidhrí and Donada MacKenneth.^2,3,4,5 Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech married Gruoch MacDuff, daughter of Boede MacDuff, circa 1040; Her 2nd.^2,3 Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech witnessed the death of Donnchad mac Crínán, rí Alban on 14 August 1040 at near Elgin, Moray, Scotland; He was put to death by his cousin Macbeth, who had joined forces with the invading Northmen. Also see "Macbeth," by William Shakespeare.^6,3,7,8,9 Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech he succeeded his 1st cousin, Duncan I, whom he put to death, and ruled Scotland jointly with Thorfinn II, Jarl of Orkneys, on 14 August 1040.³ 17th King of Scots at the area south and west of the Tay between 14 August 1040 and 15 August 1057.^3,2 He witnessed the death of Banquo (of Stewart Myth) in 1043; Slain by Macbeth.¹⁰ Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech witnessed the death of Maldred mac Crínán in 1045; Slain in battle attempting to avenge the murder of his brother by Macbeth.¹¹ Annals of Ulster 1054: "A battle between the men of Scotland and the English in which fell 3000 of the Scots and 1500 of the English, including Doilfinn son of Finntor. / Cath eter firu Alban & Saxanu i torchradur tri mile do Feraib Alban & mile co leth do Shaxanaib im Dolfinn m. Finntuir."¹² Aird-rí Alban Mac Bethadh mac Findláech died on 15 August 1057 at near Lumphanan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Slain by Malcolm Canmore. d.s.p.^2,5,3,13 Over-king of Alba at Scotland before 1058.¹⁴ Annals of Ulster 1058: "Mac Bethad son of Finnlaech, over-king of Scotland, was killed by Mael Sechlainn son of Donnchad in battle. / M. Beathadh m. Finnlaich airdrigh Alban do marbadh la Mael Sechlainn m. Donnchadha i cath."¹⁴ Annals of Tigernach 1058: "Mac Bethadh mac Findlaich, aird-rí Alban, do marbad do Mael Colaim mac Dondchada."¹

     Eimildis de Gévaudan was born circa 953. She married Rotbold II, comte de Provence, son of Boson II, comte de Provence and Constantia, comtesse de Vienne, before 968.¹ Eimildis de Gévaudan died on 22 August 1057.

     Leofric "the Great", Earl of Mercia was born circa 985. He was the son of Leofwine, ealdorman of the Hwicce and Lady Alward of the East Angles.^2,3 Earl of Mercia at England between 1023 and 1057.^3,2 Leofric "the Great", Earl of Mercia married Godgifu of Buckingham, daughter of Earl of Lincoln, before 1030.¹ Leofric "the Great", Earl of Mercia founded the Church of Coventry before 1057.¹ He was the predecessor of Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia; Earl of Mercia.² Leofric "the Great", Earl of Mercia died on 31 August 1057 at Bromley, Staffordshire, England.^1,4,5 Leofric "the Great", Earl of Mercia was buried in Coventry.⁵

     Also called Raymond I. Renaud I, comte de Bourgogne was born circa 990. He was the son of Otto-Wilhelm, Graf von Macon und Burgund and Ermentrude de Roucy. Renaud I, comte de Bourgogne was the successor of Otto-Wilhelm, Graf von Macon und Burgund; Count of Burgundy. Renaud I, comte de Bourgogne married Alix de Normandie, daughter of Richard II "le Bon", duc de Normandie and Judith de Bretagne, before 1 September 1016; Elsewhere says 1023.² Count of Burgundy between 1026 and 1057. Renaud I, comte de Bourgogne was the predecessor of Guillaume I "Tête hardie", comte de Bourgogne & de Vienne; Count of Burgundy. Renaud I, comte de Bourgogne died on 4 September 1057.²

     Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben was agnatic first cousin once removed of Duke Herman IV.³ He was born after 1003 at Schweinfurt, Germany. He was the son of Heinrich I, Markgraf im bayerischen Nordgau and Gerberge von Henneberg, Markgräfin im bayerischen Nordgau. Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben married Irmingard von Turin, daughter of Manfred II Odelrich, Markgraf von Turin and Bertha von Luni, in 1037; His 2nd. Her 1st.^4,2,5 Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben was the successor of Otto II, Herzog von Schwaben; Duke of Swabia.^6,7 Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben succeeded Otto von Rhinepfalz to the duchy of Swabia in 1048. Duke of Swabia at Kingdom of Germany, German Empire, between 1048 and 1057.⁶ He was the predecessor of Rudolf, Gegenkönig von Deutschland; Duke of Swabia.^6,8,9 Otto III "der Weiße", Herzog von Schwaben died on 28 September 1057.^10,11

     Lothar-Udo I, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark married Adelheid, Gräfin von Stade, Markgräfin der Nordmark, daughter of Kuno, Pfalzgraf von Rheinfelden and Liutgard von Nellenburg.¹ Lothar-Udo I, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark was born after 994.¹ He was the son of Siegfried II, Graf von Stade and Adela von Alsleben.¹ Lothar-Udo I, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark died on 7 November 1057.¹

     Adelheid, Gräfin von Stade, Markgräfin der Nordmark married Lothar-Udo I, Markgraf der sächsischen Nordmark, son of Siegfried II, Graf von Stade and Adela von Alsleben.¹ Adelheid, Gräfin von Stade, Markgräfin der Nordmark was born between 995 and 1000.¹ She was the daughter of Kuno, Pfalzgraf von Rheinfelden and Liutgard von Nellenburg.¹ Adelheid, Gräfin von Stade, Markgräfin der Nordmark died after 7 December 1057.²

     Graf von Spanheim Eberhard I von Spanheim was born circa 985?. He was the son of Pfalzgraf von Bayern Aribo I (IV) von Bayern and Pfalzgräfin von Bayern Adela von Bayern.³ Graf von Spanheim Eberhard I von Spanheim married Hedwig von Nellenburg. Graf im Leobental between 1023 and 1044.² Graf von Spanheim circa 1044.² Graf von Spanheim Eberhard I von Spanheim noted as building the church at Mons Campi near Spanheim in 1044.² He died before 1058. He was noted as the dead father of Friedrich in 1058.²

     Diego Laínez de Vivar was born circa 1010. He was the son of Laín Nuñez de Castilla.^2,3,4 Diego Laínez de Vivar seized from the Navarrese, with great and unflagging courage, the castle of Ubierna, and Urbel and La Piedra.⁵ He fought the Navarrese, too, in open battle and defeated them.⁵ He married Teresa Rodríguez, daughter of Rodrigo Alvarez and Teresa Laínez, before 1043. Diego Laínez de Vivar was a member of the minor nobility, infanzones, at Castile, Spain.⁶ He was not a court figure, there being but one known document in which he is found in the company of Fernando I or indeed anywhere at all.² He was was witness to a charter, a private donation confirmed by King Ferdinand on 29 October 1047 at Cardeña, Córdoba Province, Andalucía, Spain.⁷ He was fought against the Navarrese before 1058. He died circa 1058.¹