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     Also called Bozon. Also called Marchese di Toscana Boso d' Arles.^3,4 Markgraf von Tuszien Boso III von Arles was born in 885.^4,2 He was the son of Theotbald, Graf von Arles and Berta des Francs. Markgraf von Tuszien Boso III von Arles married Willa von Hoch-Burgund, daughter of Rudolf I, König von Hoch-Burgund and Willa, Königin von Hoch-Burgund, Gräfin von Arles, before 910.^1,2 Count of Avignon between 911 and 931.² Count of Arles between 926 and 931.² Markgraf von Tuszien Boso III von Arles succeeded his half-brother, Lambert, to the margraviate of Tuscany in 931. Margrave of Tuscany between 932 and 936.^5,2 He was deposed of the Margrave of Tuscany, out of mistrust, by his brother, King Hugo, in 936.² He was the predecessor of Markgraf von Tuszien Hubert von Arles; Markgraf von Tuszien.² Markgraf von Tuszien Boso III von Arles died in 936 at age 51 years.^4,2

     Graf im Hassegau Burchard III von Grabfeldgau was born circa 866. He was the son of Markgraf der sorbischen Mark Burchard II von Grabfeldgau and Adred von Loingau.¹ Graf im Hassegau Burchard III von Grabfeldgau married Mathilda von Hessen before 896. Graf im Hassegau Burchard III von Grabfeldgau was was driven from his lands (Grabfeldgau) by Henry "the Fowler" after 912. He died in 936.²

     Doir, Thane of Lochaber was born in 870.¹ He was the son of Áed mac Cináeda, rex Pictorum.¹ Doir, Thane of Lochaber married Princess of Northumberland, daughter of Osbert of Northumberland, before 900.¹ Doir, Thane of Lochaber died in 936 at age 66 years.¹

     Adred von Loingau was born circa 841. She was the daughter of Graf Bardo von Loingau. Adred von Loingau married Markgraf der sorbischen Mark Burchard II von Grabfeldgau, son of Graf im Grabfeld Burchard I von Grabfeldgau and Frewirata (?), before 866. Adred von Loingau died after 936.

     Also called Raoul de France.² Also called roi des Francs Occidentale Rodolf de Bourgogne.³ Rudolf I, Herzog von Burgund, König von Frankreich was born before 890.^4,5 He was the son of Richard I "der Gerichtsherr", Graf von Autun, Herzog von Burgund and Adelheid von Auxerre. Rudolf I, Herzog von Burgund, König von Frankreich married Emma de France, daughter of Robert II, duc de France and Beatrix de Vermandois, circa 918.^3,6 Duke of Burgundy between 921 and 936.⁷ Rudolf I, Herzog von Burgund, König von Frankreich succeeded his father-in-law, Robert I, to the throne of France in 923. King of the West Franks between 13 July 923 and 936.^8,9,10 He died on 15 January 936 at Auxerre.^11,12 Rudolf I, Herzog von Burgund, König von Frankreich was buried in Ste-Colombe les Sens.¹

     Also called Gilbert of Burgundy. Giselbert, comte de Châlons et Bourgogne was born in 890. He was the son of Manasses "l' Ancien", comte de Châlons and Ermengardis de Provence.¹ Giselbert, comte de Châlons et Bourgogne married Ermengarde von Burgund, Gräfin von Chalon-sur-Saone, Erbin von Autun, daughter of Hugo I "der Schwarze", Graf und Markgraf von Provence, Herzog von Burgund, before 914.² Giselbert, comte de Châlons et Bourgogne died on 8 April 936 at age 46 years.³

     Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was the grandfather of Gräfin von Luxemburg Hedwig von Lothringen; possibly the daughter of Herzogs Giselbert von Lothringen and Gerberga von Sachsen, daughter of King Henry I.⁷
Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland also went by the name of Heinrich I "der Finkler".⁴ Also called Heinric French. Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland also went by the name of Henry I "the Fowler". Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland also went by the name of Heinrich I "der Vogler".^4,8 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland also went by the name of Heinrich I "Vogelfänger".⁹ He was related to Otto I "der Große", imperator augustus; the son of Henry I, of the Liudolfing, or Saxon, dynasty, and his second wife, Matilda.¹⁰ Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was the uncle of Uda vom Metzgau; a daughter of the Matfriedinger Gerhard I, and a niece of King Henry I "the Fowler."¹¹ Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was born circa 876 at Germany.^12,3,4,6 He was the son of Otto I "der Erlauchte", Herzog von Sachsen and Hedwige von Babenberg.^3,4,5,6 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland married Hatheburg von Sachsen, daughter of Graf im Sachsen Erwin von Sachsen, in 906; His 1st. Her 2nd (widow).^3,5,6 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was pressured by his family to divorce Hatheburg.⁶ He and Hatheburg von Sachsen were divorced before 909.³ Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland married Mathilde "die Heilige", Königin des ostfränkischen Reiches, daughter of Dietrich, Graf im Westfalen und von Ringelheim and Gräfin von Ringelheim Reginhilde von Friesland, in 909; His 2nd.^{12,13,3,5,14,6,15} Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was the successor of König des Ostfränkischen Reichs Konrad I "der Jüngeren" von Franken; King of the East Franks.^16,17 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland succeeded his father to the duchy of Saxony in 912. He was a witness where Graf im Hassegau Burchard III von Grabfeldgau was driven from his lands (Grabfeldgau) by Henry "the Fowler" after 912. Duke of Saxony between 912 and 936.^16,4 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was selected as successor to the German crown by Conrad I in 918.^18,4 Annals of Monte Fernando 919: "Ob. Conradus, successit Henricus."¹⁹ He was a witness where Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern elected as King by the Bavarians, who felt they had better right to the Carolingian succession than did Henry and his Saxons, but Henry dissuaded him from it with concessions of power in 919.¹⁸ King of Germany between 919 and 936.^13,16,4 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland succeeded Conrad I of Franconia to the throne of Germany when the Franconians and Saxons elected him King on 14 April 919 at Frtizlar, their ancient meeting place.³ He was elected by the Dukes of Franconia and Saxony as King of Germany on 12 May 919 at Maifeld zu Fritzlar. He was a witness where Svatý Václav I, Kníze Ceská submitted to the German king Henry I the Fowler in 929.²⁰ Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was acclaimed emperor (the chronicler Widukind relates) because of his victory over the Magyar (Hungarians) in 933 at near Merseburg, Germany.²⁰ He was a witness where Zoltan, Herceg Magyarország saw Henry the Fowler give the Magyars a frightful beating in 933 at near Merseburg, Germany.²¹ Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland died on 2 July 936 at Memleben, Germany.^12,3,4,22 Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland was buried in Stiftskirche, Quedlinburg, Germany.²² He became the first King of Germany from the House of Saxony (aka the Ludolphing Dynasty).

     Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund was the father of Adelheid "die Heilige", Kaiserin der Römisches Reich; the daughter of Rudolph II, King of Burgundy.³ Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund was a witness where Hugo "der Böse", König von Italien concluded a Peace Treaty with Rudolph II, King of Upper Burgundy, in which he contracted his son, Lothar, to marry Adelaide, the daughter of Rudolph.³ Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund was the successor of Rudolf I, König von Hoch-Burgund; König von Hoch-Burgund.^4,5 Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund was born circa 900. He was the son of Rudolf I, König von Hoch-Burgund and Willa, Königin von Hoch-Burgund, Gräfin von Arles.² King of Jurane Burgundy between 25 October 912 and 937.⁶ Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund was a witness where Burchard II, Herzog von Schwaben faced the challenge of invasion by Rudolf I(II), king of Burgundy, in 919. Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund married Bertha von Schwaben, daughter of Burchard II, Herzog von Schwaben and Regilinde, Herzogin von Schwaben, between 921 and 922; Her 1st.^3,7,8 Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund offered the throne of Italy by Italian nobles disaffected with their king, Berengar of Friuli, and crowned at Pavia in 922.⁶ He and Burchard II, Herzog von Schwaben began expeditions of conquest in Italy in 922. Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund fought and defeated Berengar the next year near Piacenza in 923.⁶ King of Italy at Frankish Empire between 923 and 926.^9,6 He was the predecessor of Hugo "der Böse", König von Italien; King of Italy.^9,10 Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund concluded a treaty with Hugh of Provence, successor of Boso's son Louis the Blind, whereby he extended his rule over the entire regnum Burgundiae except the areas west of the Saône in 931.⁴ He was a witness where Loup-Aznard II, comte de Comminges paid homage to Raoul of Burgundy, King of France in 932.¹¹ Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund concluded a Peace Treaty with Hugh, King of Provence and Italy, in which his daughter was contracted to marry Hugh's son Lothar in 933.³ He died on 11 July 936.¹²

     Also called Eberhard von Bonngau.² Eberhard I, Graf im Keldachgau und Bonngau was the son of Grafen Erenfried I im Bliesgau, of the House of Ezzonen, and Adelgunde von Burgund, daughter of Markgraf Konrad II.¹ He was born circa 865. He was the son of Erenfried I, Graf im Bliesgau, Graf von Charmois and Adelgunde von Burgund.¹ Eberhard I, Graf im Keldachgau und Bonngau married N. N. von Grabfeld.³ Eberhard I, Graf im Keldachgau und Bonngau died circa 937.¹

     King of Ringerike Sigurdr Hrise Haraldsson was the son of Haraldr Hårfager Hálfdanarson, King of Norway and Snæfrid Svasesdottir.^2,3 King of Ringerike Sigurdr Hrise Haraldsson was initially cast out, with his brothers, by his father because of the bewitchment following his mother's death, but Thjodolf of Hvin, the Skald, interceded and pleaded for their sake, and Harald was reconciled with his sons, and Sigurd, and his brother Halfdan, were sent to Ringerike to rule.³ He was a witness where King of Ringerike Hálfdan Haleg Haraldsson initially cast out, with his brothers, by his father because of the bewitchment following his mother's death, but Thjodolf of Hvin, the Skald, interceded and pleaded for their sake, and Harald was reconciled with his sons, and Halfdan, and his brother Sigurd, were sent to Ringerike to rule.³ King at Ringerike in 900.³ King of Ringerike Sigurdr Hrise Haraldsson died in 937.¹

     Also called Eldigaire.¹ Hildegar de Limoges was born circa 875.¹ He was the son of Hildebert de Limoges and Adaltrude (?).¹ Hildegar de Limoges married Tietberga de Bourges, daughter of Geraud de Bourges, before 900.¹ Vicomte de Limoges before 937.¹ Hildegar de Limoges died after 26 March 937.¹

     Graf von Merseburg Siegfried von Merseburg was the son of Graf Thietmar von Merseburg and Hildegard (?).¹ Graf von Merseburg Siegfried von Merseburg died on 10 July 937.¹

     Also called Duke Arnulf I of Bavaria. Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern also went by the name of Arnulf I "the Bad" of Bavaria. He was born between 885 and 890.⁵ He was the successor of Luitpold, Markgraf und Herzog von Bayern; Markgraf und Herzog von Bayern.^8,5 Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern was the son of Luitpold, Markgraf und Herzog von Bayern and Kunigunde, Deutsche Königin.^6,7 Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern succeeded his father to the duchy of Bavaria in 907. Duke of Bavaria between 4 July 907 and 914.⁸ He married Judith, Herzogin von Bayern, daughter of Eberhard I, Graf im Zürich- und Sülichgaus and Gisela, Gräfin im Zürichgau, in 910.^3,9 Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern called "Arnolfus malus," or Arnulf the Bad, when he confiscated church properties to finance his government.¹⁰ He was a witness where Zoltan, Herceg Magyarország saw a Magyar army almost annihilated by Arnulf of Bavaria in 917.¹¹ Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern almost annihilated one of the Magyar armies in 917.¹¹ He was elected as King by the Bavarians, who felt they had better right to the Carolingian succession than did Henry and his Saxons, but Henry dissuaded him from it with concessions of power in 919.¹² Duke of Bavaria, restored between 919 and 937.⁸ He claimed the Lombard crown, through his marriage to Judith, in 934.⁵ He died on 14 July 937 at Regensburg, Bavaria.^3,5 He was the predecessor of Herzog von Bayern Eberhard von Bayern; Duke of Bavaria.⁸ Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern was buried in Kloster St. Emmeran, Regensburg, Bavaria.⁵

     Eadhilda of Wessex was born circa 904.¹ She was the daughter of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Queen of the English Ælfflæd of Wessex.^2,3,1 Eadhilda of Wessex married Hugues "le Grand", duc de France, son of Robert II, duc de France and Beatrix de Vermandois, circa 927; His 2nd.^2,4,3 Eadhilda of Wessex died before 938. She died without issue.²

     Thankmar von Sachsen was born circa 907.² He was the son of Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland and Hatheburg von Sachsen.^1,2 Thankmar von Sachsen died in 938.^1,3

     Aralt mac Sitric of Dublin was the son of Sitric Caoch ua Ímair, rí Dubgall & Finngall and unknown (?).¹ Also called Harald of Dublin. Annals of the Four Masters 938: "Aralt, grandson of Imhar, i.e. the son of Sitric, lord of the foreigners of Luimneach, was killed in Connaught by the Caenraighi of Aidhne. / Aralt ua h-Iomhair, .i. mac Sitrioca, tighearna Gall Luimnigh, do mharbhadh i c-Connachtaibh lá Caenraighibh Aidhne." ( (an unknown value)).² Aralt mac Sitric of Dublin died in 938 at Connaught, Ireland. He was killed in Connaught by the Caenraighi of Aidhne.¹

     Count of Kennemerland.³ Dirk I, Graaf van Holland and Geva von Friesland founded the Closter of Egmont. Dirk I, Graaf van Holland was born circa 875. He was the son of Gerulf "der Jüngere", Graf in Friesland.^2,1 Dirk I, Graaf van Holland was living between 900 and 928.² He married Geva von Friesland, daughter of Meginhard von Nordgau, before 905.¹ 1st Count of Holland before 928. Count of West Friesland before 929.² Dirk I, Graaf van Holland was an adherant of Charles "the Simple" before 929. He was the predecessor of Dirk II, Graaf van Holland; 2nd Count of Holland. Dirk I, Graaf van Holland died in 939.¹

     Pietro Candiano II, doge della Repubblica di Venezia was born circa 872?. He was the son of Pietro Candiano I, doge della Repubblica di Venezia.¹ Pietro Candiano II, doge della Repubblica di Venezia followed his father, Pietro Candiano I (887), Pietro Tribuno (888-912), and Orso Participazio II (912-932) to become Doge of Venice in 932.² He began the venetian policy of expansion on the mainland after 932.³ 19th Doge of Venice between 932 and 939.^1,2 He began a bitter economic blockading war against Istria early in his rule.⁴ He burnt Venice's neighbor and potential rival, Comacchio to the ground following a trifling diplomatic incident.⁴ He died in 939.¹

     King Davit' II Bagrationi was the son of Adarnase IV of Tao, King of K'art'li.¹ King Davit' II Bagrationi died in 939. He passed away in the year 157 "of the k'ronikoni."²

     Hugues I du Maine, vicomte du Mans was born circa 891. He was the son of Rodgar, comte du Maine and Rothildis des Francs Occidental. Hugues I du Maine, vicomte du Mans died in 939.

     Doon, comte de Porcieo was born circa 904. "Neffe von Bernard." The nephew of Bernard. Count of Porcieo between 933 and 945. He died after 939.

     Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was the father of Gräfin von Luxemburg Hedwig von Lothringen; possibly the daughter of Herzogs Giselbert von Lothringen and Gerberga von Sachsen, daughter of King Henry I.⁵
Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was the brother of Kunigunde de Hainaut; a sister of Duke Giselbert of Lotharingia.⁶ Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was the successor of Régnier I au-Long-Col, comte de Mons; Margrave of Lorraine.³ Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was born circa 906 at France. He was the son of Régnier I au-Long-Col, comte de Mons and Alberada, Gräfin von Hennegau, Herzogin von Lothringen.^3,4 Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was the successor of Carolus III Simplex, roi des Francs; King of Lotharingia.⁷ Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was created as the first Duke of Lorraine in 915.³ He accepted German suzerainty in 925.⁶ Duke of Lorraine at Holy Roman Empire between 925 and 936.^3,7 He married Gerberga von Sachsen, daughter of Heinrich I "der Sachse", König von Deutschland and Mathilde "die Heilige", Königin des ostfränkischen Reiches, in 929; Her 1st.^8,9,10,11 Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was a witness where Otto I "der Große", imperator augustus moved against Giselbert and Henry in 939 at Chèvremont, the Duchy of Lorraine.¹² Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was attacked, along with Henry, by the Emperor Otto I in 939 at Chèvremont, the Duchy of Lorraine.¹² He died on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge. Following a victory in Echternach, he was set upon by Herman of Swabia, who was defending Empteror Otto I's interests. He drowned in the Rhine River while fleeing.¹³ He was a witness where Herzog von Schwaben Hermann I von der Wetterau caught enemies of his Emperor, Otto I, killing Eberhard of Franken, and seeing Duke Gislebert of Lorraine drown while fleeing on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge, the Duchy of Lorraine.¹⁴ Gislebert, duc de Lorraine witnessed the death of Herzog von Franken Eberhard von Franken on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge, the Duchy of Lorraine; Caught celebrating a victory Duke Giselbert of Lorraine, he was killed by the Duke Herman of Swabia, who was supporting the Emperor Otto I, and killed. Gislebert drowned in the Rhine while fleeing.^15,14 Gislebert, duc de Lorraine was the predecessor of Heinrich I "der Bayer", Herzog von Bayern; Duke of Lorraine.³

     Herzog von Franken Eberhard von Franken was born circa 885.¹ He was the son of Graf von Fritzlar und an der oberen Lahn Konrad "der Älteren" von Franken and Glismut von Kärnten.¹ Herzog von Franken Eberhard von Franken was installed by his brother, the childless King Konrad I, as Duke of Franconia, but bypassed for King in favor of Henry, Duke of Saxony circa 918.¹ Duke of Franconia between 918 and 939.¹ Count at the Ittergau.¹ Count at Upper Lahngau.¹ He witnessed the death of Gislebert, duc de Lorraine on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge; Following a victory in Echternach, he was set upon by Herman of Swabia, who was defending Empteror Otto I's interests. He drowned in the Rhine River while fleeing.² Herzog von Franken Eberhard von Franken was a witness where Herzog von Schwaben Hermann I von der Wetterau caught enemies of his Emperor, Otto I, killing Eberhard of Franken, and seeing Duke Gislebert of Lorraine drown while fleeing on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge, the Duchy of Lorraine.³ Herzog von Franken Eberhard von Franken died on 2 September 939 at Echternach, Luxembourge, the Duchy of Lorraine. Caught celebrating a victory Duke Giselbert of Lorraine, he was killed by the Duke Herman of Swabia, who was supporting the Emperor Otto I, and killed. Gislebert drowned in the Rhine while fleeing.^1,3

     Also called Alestan Rex.¹ Æthelstan, King of the English was born circa 894.² He was the son of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Ægwina , mistress of King Edward the Elder.^1,2 Æthelstan, King of the English was a witness where Ealdred, High Reeve of Bamburgh living in the time of Athelstan between 924 and 939.³ King of the English at England between 17 July 924 and 27 October 939.⁴ Æthelstan, King of the English succeeded his father, after killing his half-brother Edwin, the rightful heir, to the throne of England on 2 August 925. He was crowned as King over the West Saxons and the Mercians on 4 September 925 at Kingston, England.¹ He was expelled the Danish King of York Guthfrith following the death of his son-in-law, the previous Danish King of York, Sihtric, and destroyed the Danish foundations in 927 at York, England. He was a witness where Amlaíb Cuarán mac Sitric of Dublin and Gothfraidh ua Ímair expelled from York by King Aethelstan of Wessex in 927. Æthelstan, King of the English was met the King of Strathclyde and Constantine the King of Scotland at Eamont Bridge where both acknowledged Athelstan's superiority on 12 July 927 at Cumberland, England. He witnessed the death of Edwin of Wessex in 933; Put to death by his half-brother, King Athelstan.^5,2 Æthelstan, King of the English was a witness where King of Norway Håkon I Adalsteinsfóstri Haraldsson raised at the court of King Athelstan of England, who had Hakon baptized, and brought up in the right faith, and in good habits, and all sorts of good manners, and he loved Hakon above all his relations; and Hakon was beloved by all men. He was henceforth called Athelstan's foster-son before 934.^6,7 Æthelstan, King of the English ravaged Scotland to enforce his superiority in the lands of the north in 934. He was a visitor to the shrine of St Cuthbert where he bestowed many great gifts, including a work by Bede entitled the Life of St Cuthbert which depicted Athelstan himself on the cover, in 934 at Chester le Street, England. He granted rights of sanctuary to the monastery at Ripon in 934. He defeated in a bloody battle Vikings from Dublin, who were under the leadership of King Olaf Guthfrithson and assisted by Scotsmen, on 27 October 937. An observer noted "The Norsemen went off in in nailed ships sad survivors on Dings Mere over deep water seeking Dublin ashamed in their hearts." He and Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English were brought fame to the family with their conquests in Cornwall and Wales, and the defeat of a combined force of Scots, Welsh and Vikings at the battle of Brunanburh in 938. Æthelstan, King of the English refounded Beverley Minster in 939 at East Yorkshire, England. Annals of Ulster 939: "Athelstan, king of the Saxons, pillar of the dignity of the western world, died an untroubled death. / Adalastán, ri Saxon, cleithi n-ordain Iartair Domain, secura morte moritur."⁸ He died on 27 October 939 at Gloucester, England. He died unmarried.^2,9,1 Æthelstan, King of the English was buried in Malmesbury, England. Æthelstan was a patron of monastic communities and especially supported the monastery at Malmesbury, where his tomb can be found.

     Herzog von Bayern Eberhard von Bayern was born circa 912.² He was the son of Arnulf "der Böse", Herzog von Bayern and Judith, Herzogin von Bayern.¹ Duke of Bavaria on 14 July 937.³ Herzog von Bayern Eberhard von Bayern died circa 940.⁴

     Ordoño Froilaz "el Ciego" was the son of rey de Asturias y de León Fruela II Alfonsez "el Leproso" and Nunilo Sánchez de Pamplona.¹ Father of Aldonza of Asturias who married Pelayo Fruelas el Diacono.² Father of Count Alfonso Ordonez of Asturias who married Justa.¹ Ordoño Froilaz "el Ciego" died circa 940.¹

     Atenolfo II, 2° Principe di Benevento e Capua was born circa 870. He was the son of Atenolfo I, 9° Duca di Capua.¹ 2nd Prince of Benevento and Capua at Italy between 910 and 940. Atenolfo II, 2° Principe di Benevento e Capua died in 940.¹

     Vogt der Abtei Lüders.² Graf vom elsässischen Nordgau.² Hugo, Graf vom elsäßischen Nordgau married Hildegard (?).^1,2 Hugo, Graf vom elsäßischen Nordgau was born circa 882. He was the son of Graf Eberhard III von Nordgau and Adallind (?).² Hugo, Graf vom elsäßischen Nordgau died in 940.

     Also called Anscar III d' Ivrea.² Anskarius II, Graf von Asti, Markgraf von Ivrea was born circa 915.¹ He was the son of Adalbert I, Markgraf von Ivrea and Markgräfin von Ivrea Ermengard von Lucca. 31st Duke of Spoleto at Umbria, Italy, between 936 and 940.³ Anskarius II, Graf von Asti, Markgraf von Ivrea died in 940. Murdered.¹ He was a witness where Arduin II "der Kahle", Graf von Auriate, Markgraf von Turin became regent of the Turin March when the Ivrean house was set back in 941.⁴

     Rodolfo de Barcelona was born circa 878. He was the son of Wifredo "el Velloso", conde de Barcelona and Winidilde van Vlaanderen. Bishop of Urgell before 940.¹ Abbot of Ripoll before 940.¹ Rodolfo de Barcelona died in 940.¹

     Also called Muhammad "the Guided One" "al-Madhi" means "the Guided One." Muhammad al-Mahdi ibn al-Hasan, 12th Holy Imam of Islam was born on 29 July 869 at 15th of Sha'ban 255 A.H., Samirra, Iraq.^1,2 He was the son of al-Hasan al-Askari ibn 'Alî, 11th Holy Imam of Islam and Al-Sayyidah Nargis Khatoon.^1,2 Muhammad al-Mahdi ibn al-Hasan, 12th Holy Imam of Islam underwent the First, the Ghaybat Al-Sughra, the Minor Occultation between 872 and 939.³ 12th Holy Imâm of Islâm after 1 January 874.² He began the Second, the Ghaybat Al-Kubra, the Major Occultation, and will continue it as long as God wills it after 939.³ He died in 940 at 329 A.H. at age 70 years. "He is our present and alive Imam. He went into Lesser Occultation in 260/874 which continued until 329/844(sic). Then the greater occultation began which still continues. He will reappear when Allah allows him to establish the kingdom of Allah on earth and to fill the world with justice and equality as it would be full of injustice and tyranny." However, it is also said though the date of death is "Unknown as he is still living and waiting God's Divine Order to make himself known to the world and fight injustice and instigate justice, law and order for all mankind!" that doesn't preclude the cause of death being "Killed by a dagger in his chest thrusted by an old Jewish woman."^1,3 He was given the Laqab (title) al-Qa'im (the one who shall stand to establish the rule of Allah); al-Hujja (the proof of Allah over His creatures); Sahib al-Zaman (the master of our time); and Sahib al-Amr (the one who is supported by divine authority).^1,2 "He is the last Imam (a.s.) and he is alive and hidden. One of the points in the traditions mentioned above is that each of the twelve will be from the Quraysh. After them there will be chaos. Another point is that the religion will remain established till the twelve Caliphs of Quraysh are present. When they die, the earth will swallow its inhabitants.

The above two points thus prove that after the twelve Caliphs of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) the earth will be destroyed.

Therefore it is necessary that one of these twelve successors should have such a long life that it should surpass the age of this earth.

This is exactly how it happened. The Twelfth successor of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.s.) was bestowed with a long life. He is Al-Mahdi Muhammad ibn Hasan Al Askari (a.s.).

The traditions discussed in this treatise prove the Imamat of these Twelve Noble Personalities. Not anyone else."²

     Markgraf von Spoleto Ancharius von Spoleto was born in 915.¹ He was the son of Markgraf von Tuszien Wido II von Tuszien and Maròzia di Roma.¹ Markgraf von Spoleto Ancharius von Spoleto died in 940 at age 25 years.¹

     Tigrida (?) was born circa 905. She married Diego Munoz de Saldana before 930.¹ Tigrida (?) died after 940.¹

     Gutierre Osoriz of Galicia was born circa 877. He was the son of Osorio Gutiérrez. Gutierre Osoriz of Galicia married Ildonca Menéndez, daughter of conde Hermenegildo Gutiérrez and Hermesenda Gatónez, before 902. Gutierre Osoriz of Galicia died circa 941.

     Adhemer de Turenne was born circa 898. Viscount of Eschelles between 898 and 941.¹ Count of Quercy between 898 and 941.¹ He was living between 898 and 941. He was the son of comte de Turenne Robert II de Turenne.² Adhemer de Turenne died circa 941.

     Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark was the father of Haraldr Blåtand Gormsson, King of Denmark; was the son of Gorm the Old and Thyre.^3,4 Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark was per Snorri, a descendant of the mythical Ragnar Lodbrok, through Sigurd Snake-eye who was father of Hardeknut (who is otherwise known as the son of Swein).² He was of obscure parentage, though his father was probably named Hardeknut, and the only source which provides him any parentage calls him the son of Swein.⁵ Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark also went by the name of Gorm "the Old". Also called Hardeknut Gorm Sometimes given this double-name, and may be listed as Knut I of Denmark in some sources.¹ He was born circa 850. He was the son of Hardeknut Sigurdsson of Norway.^1,2 Three Kings in Scandanavia, contemporary per Snorri. Circa 875. Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark was the first significant figure in a new royal line centred at Jelling (North Jutland) in 883.^6,3 King of Denmark between 883 and 941. He married Tyra of Wessex, daughter of Æthelred I, King of the English, before 909.^7,8 Jutland; The earlier stone, of two 10th-century royal gravestones, was a memorial honouring Queen Thyre, and commissioned by her husband, King Gorm the Old, last pagan king of Denmark.⁴ Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark died in 936.⁹ He died in 941.¹⁰ He was the predecessor of Haraldr Blåtand Gormsson, King of Denmark; King of Denmark.^11,3 Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark had, by the end of his rule, unified Jutland, Schleswig, many islands, part of Holstein, and some provinces of Norway and Sweden (an area larger than present day Denmark) under him. Gormr Gamle, King of Denmark was buried in Jutland. The second of two 10th-century royal gravestones, was erected in memory of his parents by Harald Bluetooth, son of Gorm and Thyre, ruler of Denmark and Norway, and Christianizer of Denmark, is a three-sided pyramid, two sides bearing pictures and the third, an inscription. Its carvings depict ornamental animal forms, sophisticated interlacing linear patterns, and a Christian theme (the Crucifixion).⁴

     Elise ab Anarawd o Gwynedd was born circa 890. He was the son of Anarawd ap Rhodri, Brenin Gwynedd. Elise ab Anarawd o Gwynedd died in 941.

     Also called Olaf Guthfrithson.² Also called Óláfr Guðrøðsson Old Norse. Amlaíb Ceannchairech mac Gothfraidh of Dublin was born circa 910. He was the son of Gothfraidh ua Ímair.¹ King of Dublin at Ireland between 934 and 941.^3,2 Amlaíb Ceannchairech mac Gothfraidh of Dublin came to Dublin again, and plundered Cill-Cuilinn, and carried off ten hundred prisoners from thence in 936.¹ He took part in the Battle of Brunanburh against Æthelstan in 937 at England.² Chronicon Scotorum 938: "Cell Cuilinn was plundered by Amlaíb son of Gothfrith and a thousand captives taken from it."⁴ He became the King of York after the people of Yorkshire rejected the claims of the young English king Edmund to the land north of the Humber after 27 October 939. King of York at England between 27 October 939 and 941.³ He was a witness where Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English forced to cede to Olaf Guthfrithson lands of north-east Mercia between Watling Street and the Humber River (Leicestershire, Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, and Lincolnshire), the lands conquered by his father 918-920, in 940.⁵ Amlaíb Ceannchairech mac Gothfraidh of Dublin gained, by negotiation, following success in battle, the lands of north-east Mercia between Watling Street and the Humber River (Leicestershire, Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, and Lincolnshire), from Edmund of Wessex in 940.⁵ He died in 941 at Tyningham, near Dunbar, Scotland. He was killed.^2,6 Chronicon Scotorum 941: "Amlaíb son of Gothfrith, king of the fair foreigners and the dark foreigners, died."⁶ He was a witness where Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English seized York in 944.

     Máel Ruanaid mac Flainn, ridomna Ailigh was the son of Flann mac Domnaill, righdomna in Tuaisceirt.¹ Annals of Ulster 941: "Mael Ruanaid son of Flann, i.e. heir designate of Ailech, was killed by the Cenél Conaill. / Mael Ruanaigh m. Flainn, .i. ridomna Ailigh do marbad do Cheniul Conaill."² Máel Ruanaid mac Flainn, ridomna Ailigh died in 941. He was killed by the Cenél Conaill.²

     Duibh Lemhna ingen Tighearnáin was the daughter of tighearna Bréifne Tighearnán (?).^2,3 Duibh Lemhna ingen Tighearnáin married Donnchad Donn, rí Midi, Ard-rí na h'Éireann, son of Flann Sinna, rí Midi, Ard-rí na h'Éireann and Gormlaith ingen Flann Síl nÁedo Sláine.^1,3 Annals of the Four Masters 941: "Duibhleambna, daughter of Tighearnan, i.e. lord of Breifne, and wife of Donn-chadh, son of Flann, King of Ireland, died. / Duibh Lemhna inghen Tighearnáin, tighearna Bréifne, ben Donnchadha mic Floinn, rí Ereann, d'ég." ( (an unknown value)).² Duibh Lemhna ingen Tighearnáin died in 941.¹ Chronicon Scotorum 943: "Dub Léna daughter of Tigernán, king of Bréifne, wife of the king of Temair, i.e. Donnchad son of Flann, dies."³

     Gurgen I (IV), erist'avt'a-erist'avi was the son of Adarnase II, Prince of Cholarzene-Tao.^1,3 Gurgen I (IV), erist'avt'a-erist'avi was on the side of the Ap'xaz, with his cousin Nasra, against his cousin David and Liparit who aided the Armenians.¹ Curopalate between 881 and 891.³ Duke of Tao at Inner K'art'li between 918 and 941.² He died in 941?.

     Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou also went by the name of Fulk "the Red" of Anjou. He was born in 870. 888? He was the son of Ingelger, comte d'Anjou and Ælinde de Gatinais.³ Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou was the successor of Ingelger, comte d'Anjou; 2nd Count of Anjou.⁴ Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou succeeded his father in Anjou to become the first recognized count in 898. 3rd Count of Anjou at France between 898 and 940.^5,6 He rid Anjou of the Normans and enlarged his domains by taking part of Touraine.⁷ He married Roscille, dame de Loches, daughter of Garnier, seigneur de Loches and Toscanda (?).⁸ Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou was a witness where Garnier, seigneur de Loches owned three castles in the Touraine, the ones called Loches, Villentrois and Haye after August 905.¹ Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou was the predecessor of Foulques II "le Bon", comte d'Anjou; 2nd Count of Anjou. Foulques I "le Roux", comte d'Anjou died in 942 at age 72 years.⁷

     Ildonca Menéndez was born circa 880. She was the daughter of conde Hermenegildo Gutiérrez and Hermesenda Gatónez. Ildonca Menéndez married Gutierre Osoriz of Galicia, son of Osorio Gutiérrez, before 902. Ildonca Menéndez died in 942.

     Cadell ab Arthfael o Gwent was born circa 880.¹ He was the son of Arthfael ap Hywel o Gwent.¹ Cadell ab Arthfael o Gwent died in 942.¹

     Of Dál gCais.^1,2,3 Lorcán mac Lachtnai Dál gCais was of the Dál Cais, a sept formerly known as In Déis Tuaiscirt, the change in name perhaps occurring about this time, as the name of "Dál Cais" is not documented before the tenth century.² He was born circa 866. He was the son of Lachtnae mac Cuircc.^1,2 Lorcán mac Lachtnai Dál gCais died in 942.⁴

     Geoffrey d' Orléans was born circa 870. He was the son of vicomte d' Orléans Aubri "Dux" d' Orléans. Geoffrey d' Orléans was living between 933 and 942. He was a witness where Hugues "le Grand", duc de France was chartered in 939. Geoffrey d' Orléans died after 942.

     Gozelo, Graf im Ardennengau, Graf im Bidgau was the son of Pfalzgraf Wigerich von Lothringen and Kunigunde.¹ He was born circa 914.^3,1 He was the son of Wigerich, Pfalzgraf von Lothringen and Kunigunde de Hainaut. Gozelo, Graf im Ardennengau, Graf im Bidgau married Uda vom Metzgau, daughter of Gerhard I, Graf im Metzgau and Oda von Sachsen, in 930.^1,2 Gozelo, Graf im Ardennengau, Graf im Bidgau died on 19 October 942.^3,1

      Guillaume "Longue-Épée", Princeps Nortmannorum also went by the name of William "Long Sword". He was born say 892. He was born "overseas" and not on the European mainland, and therefore possibly in Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, or one of the islands held by Vikings (Orkneys, Hebrides, Man, etc.), all plausible places for the son of a Viking to be born.^4,3 He was the son of Rollo, comte de Rouen and "Poppa".^1,2,3 Guillaume "Longue-Épée", Princeps Nortmannorum was born in 925 at Rouen, France. This can't be right. By age 17, two marriages and two children? - rbs.¹ He was subdued a rebellion by the Bretons which gained him Brittany, the Channel Islands, the Contentin, and the Averanchin, in 930. He married "Sprota" circa 930; A "Danish wife," a Breton captive.^5,3 Count of Rouen at Normandy, France, between 932 and 942.^1,6 Guillaume "Longue-Épée", Princeps Nortmannorum is often given the anachronistic title of "duke of Normandy" though no contemporary source gives him even the title of count.³ He married Liutgardis de Vermandois, daughter of Herbert II, comte de Vermandois and Hildebrante de France, between 936 and 937; His 2nd. Her 1st.^7,8,5,9,10 Annals of Monte Fernando 942: "Occiditur Willelmus dux Normannie."¹¹ Guillaume "Longue-Épée", Princeps Nortmannorum was the predecessor of Richard I "Sans Peur", Leader of the Normans of Rouen; Count of Rouen.^1,6 Guillaume "Longue-Épée", Princeps Nortmannorum died on 17 December 942 at France. Killed in a treacherous ambush by Theodore of Blois and Arnulf of Flanders.^1,3

     Conde Hermenegildo Gutiérrez was born after 850 at Portugal. He was the son of Gutiar of Galicia and Elvira (?). Conde Hermenegildo Gutiérrez married Hermesenda Gatónez, daughter of Gatón, conde del Bierzo and Egilo (?), circa 865.² Conde Hermenegildo Gutiérrez died circa 943.³

     Brenin Gwynedd Idwal Voel ab Anarawd o Gwynedd married Mereddon ferch Cadwr (?); Dubious.⁴ Brenin Gwynedd Idwal Voel ab Anarawd o Gwynedd was born circa 883 at Aberffro, Malltraeth, Anglesey, Wales.⁵ He was the son of Anarawd ap Rhodri, Brenin Gwynedd.^3,1 Brenin Gwynedd Idwal Voel ab Anarawd o Gwynedd married Afandreg ferch Merfyn o Powys, daughter of Merfyn ap Rhodri, Brenin Powys, before 920; What source? King of Gwynedd at Wales before 942.¹ Brenin Gwynedd Idwal Voel ab Anarawd o Gwynedd died in 943.^1,6