Person Page - 153

     Colmán mac Cobthaig was the son of Cobthach of the Déisi.^1,2 Also called Colmán mac Cobthaig of the Déisi.^2,1

     Due to conflicting pedigrees beyond Cobthach, it is difficult to accept the pedigree prior to Cobthach.¹

     Almodís (?) was born in 1086. She married Ramón Berenguer III "el Grande", conde de Barcelona y de Provenza, son of Ramón Berenguer II "Cabeza de Estopa", conde de Barcelona and Maud de Hauteville, in 1106; His 2nd (widower).^1,2

      Comte de Provence Berenguer Ramón de Barcelona was the successor of Ramón Berenguer III "el Grande", conde de Barcelona y de Provenza; Count of Provence.¹ Comte de Provence Berenguer Ramón de Barcelona was born circa 1115. He was the son of Ramón Berenguer III "el Grande", conde de Barcelona y de Provenza and Dolça de Gévaudun.^1,2 Count of Provence at Holy Roman Empire between 19 August 1131 and 1144.^3,2

     Mujid-ud-din was the son of Tughril-Shah, 1st Seljuk Sultan of Erzerum.¹ Mujid-ud-din married Rusudani, Tsarina of Georgia, daughter of David Soslan Bagratuni and Tamari Mepe, Tsarina of Georgia, in 1224.¹

     Edgiva of Wessex was born circa 914.¹ She was the daughter of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Queen of the English Ælfflæd of Wessex.¹ Edgiva of Wessex married Eberhard, Graf im elsäßischen Nordgau, son of Hugo, Graf vom elsäßischen Nordgau and Hildegard (?), circa 930.¹

     Edgive of Wessex was born circa 924. She was the daughter of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Edgira of Kent.¹ Edgive of Wessex married Ludwig, Graf im Thurgau, son of Rudolf I, König von Hoch-Burgund and Willa, Königin von Hoch-Burgund, Gräfin von Arles.² Edgive of Wessex married Konrad III "der Friedfertige", König von Hoch-Burgund, son of Rudolf II, König von Hoch-Burgund and Bertha von Schwaben, circa 950; Probable.¹

     Edburga of Wessex was born circa 925. She was the daughter of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Edgira of Kent.¹ Edburga of Wessex was a nun in the monastery of Winchester.¹

     Edgira (?) was born circa 920. She married Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English, son of Edward "the Elder", King of the English and Edgira of Kent, in 940; His 2nd?¹

     N. N. of Wessex was born circa 943. She was the daughter of Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English and Edgira (?).¹ N. N. of Wessex married Baudouin de Hesdin circa 963.¹

     Baudouin de Hesdin was born circa 933. He married N. N. of Wessex, daughter of Edmund I "the Magnificent", King of the English and Edgira (?), circa 963.¹

     Hercegnõ Magyarország Agatha Magyar was born circa 1016. She was the daughter of Szent István I, Király Magyarország and Gisela von Bayern.¹ Hercegnõ Magyarország Agatha Magyar married Edmund of Wessex, son of Edmund II "Ironside", King of the English and Ealdgyth Morcardóttir of Northumbria, circa 1041 at Hungary.¹

     Count of Conversano.¹ Geffroi de Conversano was born circa 1030.

     Elizabeth of France has been confused with or identified for Zaida of Seville; possibly identical with Elizabeth "of France."¹ Elizabeth of France was possibly the same person as Zaida, the former wife of Fath al-Mamun of Seville.¹ She was purported to have been a daughter of Louis VI of France.² She was born circa 1088. With a minimum marrying age of 12, per Canonical law, she would be born no later than 1088. There is every likelihood that the new queen was drawn from some cadet line of the house of Burgundy.³ She married Alfonso VI Fernández "el Bravo", rey de León, son of Fernando I Sánchez "el Magno", rey de Castilla y de León and reine de Castilla Sancha Alfonsez de León, between 15 April 1100 and 14 May 1100; His 4th.² Elizabeth of France first appears in the documents on 14 May 1100.² She was a witness where Alfonso VI Fernández "el Bravo", rey de León granted a royal charter to the Bishop of Oviedo, accompanied by his queen and his two daughters by her, the infantas Sancha and Elvira; the king's son by Zaida and his sons-in-law and their wives also confirmed, on 16 March 1104 at Asturia.⁴ Elizabeth of France was buried in the Monastery of St. Isidoro, Leon, Spain. It has been widely accepted that she was a daughter of Louis VI of France. That tradition is an old one based on her funerary inscription in the royal pantheon of San Isidoro of León. From thence it was picked up by Lucas of Túy in the thirteenth century and through him passed into the mainstream of Spanish historiography. This just can't be true however.³

     Sancha Raimúndez de Borgoña was born before 1095.¹ She was the daughter of Raymond, comte de Bourgogne and Urraca, reina de León y de Castilla.¹

     Christianna (?) was born circa 1770. She married Cornelius Smock, son of Leonard Smock and Ann Fulkarson, circa 1790.¹

     Christopher Smock was born in 1794 at New Jersey.¹ He was the son of Cornelius Smock and Christianna (?).¹ Christopher Smock was buried in William's Cemetery, Crawford County, Pennsylvania.¹

     Cornelius Smock was born circa 1796. He was the son of Cornelius Smock and Christianna (?).¹

     Jacob Smock was born on 26 February 1807.¹ He was the son of Cornelius Smock and Christianna (?).¹

     Anna Smock was born circa 1798. She was the daughter of Cornelius Smock and Christianna (?).¹

     Her name, Alberta, suggests an extrapeninsular origin for her since that name was virtually unknown in Spain at the time. She was not the daughter of William the Conqueror, as has been suggested, nor the the legitimate daughter of García Sánchez III of Navarra, a late literary invention.¹ Alberta (?) was born circa 1051. She married Sancho II Fernández "el Fuerte", rey de Castilla, son of Fernando I Sánchez "el Magno", rey de Castilla y de León and reine de Castilla Sancha Alfonsez de León, before 1071.¹ Alberta (?) mentioned by name in a royal charter by Sancho to a Castilian noble on 26 March 1071.¹ She mentioned by name in a private charter by Sancho to the monastery of Arlanza on 10 May 1071.¹

     Ramón Garcés de Navarre was born circa 1039. An older brother of Sancho IV.¹ He was the son of García IV Sánchez "el de Nájera", rey de Navarra and Estefania de Foix.¹ Ramón Garcés de Navarre witnessed the death of Sancho IV Garcés "el de Peñalén", rey de Pamplona on 4 June 1076 at Peñalén, Navarre, Spain; On the instigation of his cousin, Alfonso VI of Castile, he was pushed off a cliff by his own brother and sister in one of the more spectacular assassinations of the eleventh century.^2,3 Ramón Garcés de Navarre conspired with his sister, for a reason no one really knows, perhaps at the behest of Alfonso VI of Castile, and assassinted their brother, Sancho Garcia IV on 4 June 1076.¹ He was a witness where Ermesinda García de Navarre conspired with her older brother, for a reason no one really knows, perhaps at the behest of Alfonso VI of Castile, and assassinted their brother, Sancho Garcia IV on 4 June 1076.¹ Ramón Garcés de Navarre fled into exile at Zaragoza following the murder of his brother.¹

     Ermesinda García de Navarre was born circa 1041. An older sister of Sancho IV.¹ She was the daughter of García IV Sánchez "el de Nájera", rey de Navarra and Estefania de Foix.¹ Ermesinda García de Navarre witnessed the death of Sancho IV Garcés "el de Peñalén", rey de Pamplona on 4 June 1076 at Peñalén, Navarre, Spain; On the instigation of his cousin, Alfonso VI of Castile, he was pushed off a cliff by his own brother and sister in one of the more spectacular assassinations of the eleventh century.^2,3 Ermesinda García de Navarre was a witness where Ramón Garcés de Navarre conspired with his sister, for a reason no one really knows, perhaps at the behest of Alfonso VI of Castile, and assassinted their brother, Sancho Garcia IV on 4 June 1076.¹ Ermesinda García de Navarre conspired with her older brother, for a reason no one really knows, perhaps at the behest of Alfonso VI of Castile, and assassinted their brother, Sancho Garcia IV on 4 June 1076.¹ She took refuge, following the murder of her brother, with Alfonso VI who married her off to a Navarrese noble.¹

     Urraca García de Navarre was born circa 1045. A younger sister of Sancho.¹ She was the daughter of García IV Sánchez "el de Nájera", rey de Navarra and Estefania de Foix.¹ Urraca García de Navarre was married off by Alfonso VI of Castile, following her siblings betraying their brother and king, to the Castilian noble García Ordóñez.¹

     Ramiro Garcés de Navarre was the illegitimate son of King Garcia IV of Navarra.² He was born circa 1047. A younger brother of Sancho.¹ He was the son of García IV Sánchez "el de Nájera", rey de Navarra.¹ Ramiro Garcés de Navarre became a ward of Alfonso VI of Castile following his siblings betrayal and murder of their brother, King Sancho IV.

     Agnes d' Aquitaine was the half-sister of another Agnes, daughter of William, and a cousin of Duke Eudes of Burgundy.¹ Also called Queen Inés of Aragón. She was born circa 1073. She was the daughter of Guillaume VI Gui-Geoffroi, comte de Poitou, duc d' Aquitaine et de Gascogne and Hildegarde de Bourgogne.¹ Agnes d' Aquitaine married rey de Aragón y Navarra Pedro I Sánchez, son of Sancho I, rey de Aragón y de Pamplona and Felicité de Roucy, before 1079.¹

     Æthelburh (?) was born circa 676. She married King of Kent Wihtræd Oiscinga, son of King of Kent Egbert I of Kent, before 696.¹ Æthelburh (?) and King of Kent Wihtræd Oiscinga appeared in a charter which read "Wihtred, king of Kent, and his wife Æthelburh to St Peter's Minster (St Augustine's), Canterbury; grant of 5 sulungs (aratra) at Littlebourne" in 696 at or Mar 711, Kent.¹

     Margaret Argue was born circa 1839 at Ontario.¹ She was the daughter of N. N. Argue and N. N. of Ireland.³ Margaret Argue married James B. Stewart, son of James Carmichael Stewart and Ann Collier, before 1860.¹

On 2 April 1871, Margaret Argue was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 32, born Ontario, origin Irish."¹



On 4 April 1881, Margaret Argue was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Female, of Irish origin, age 43 next birthday, born in Ontario, religion Calvinist Methodist."⁴

     Also called Jenny ?² Arsnesithy J. Stewart was born circa 1860 at Ontario.¹ She was the daughter of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 2 April 1871, Arsnesithy J. Stewart was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 11, born Ontario, origin Scotch, going to school."¹



On 4 April 1881, Arsnesithy J. Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 21, born Ontario."³

Arsnesithy J. Stewart married N. N. Taylor circa 1882.²

     Richard Stewart was born circa 1861 at Ontario.¹ He was the son of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 2 April 1871, Richard Stewart was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 10, born Ontario, origin Scotch, going to school."¹



On 4 April 1881, Richard Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 19, born Ontario, Farmer."²

     Elizabeth A. Stewart was born circa 1866 at Ontario.¹ She was the daughter of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 2 April 1871, Elizabeth A. Stewart was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 5, born Ontario, origin Scotch."¹



On 4 April 1881, Elizabeth A. Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 15, born Ontario."²

     Pheobe Stewart was born circa 1869 at Ontario.^1,2 She was the daughter of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.^1,2

On 2 April 1871, Pheobe Stewart was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 3, born Ontario, origin Scotch."¹



On 4 April 1881, Pheobe Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 13, born Ontario."³

Pheobe Stewart married Robert Watson on 5 October 1892 at Orillia, Simcoe County, Ontario.^4,2

     Ellen Amanda Stewart was born on 3 March 1871 at Ontario.^2,1 She was the daughter of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.²

On 2 April 1871, Ellen Amanda Stewart was enumerated with James Carmichael Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Duham County, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 1/12, born Ontario, origin Scotch."²



On 4 April 1881, Ellen Amanda Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 10, born Ontario."³

Ellen Amanda Stewart married George Francis circa 1891.⁴ Stewart Family Reunion (19 grandchildren of James Stewart Carmichael attending). On 15 August 1931.⁵ Ellen Amanda Stewart attended the Stewart Family Reunion along with 18 other grandchildren of James Stewart Carmichael of Thorah Township on 15 August 1931.⁵

     Angus Stewart was born circa 1874 at Ontario.^2,1 He was the son of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 4 April 1881, Angus Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 7, born Ontario."¹



On 6 April 1891, Angus Stewart was on the census at Ontario Details provided: "Laborer in the household of Henry West."²

Stewart Family Reunion (19 grandchildren of James Stewart Carmichael attending). On 15 August 1931.³ He attended the Stewart Family Reunion along with 18 other grandchildren of James Stewart Carmichael of Thorah Township on 15 August 1931.³

     Margaret Stewart was born circa 1876 at Ontario.^2,1 She was the daughter of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 4 April 1881, Margaret Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 5, born Ontario."¹

Margaret Stewart married James Fraser Dunlop, son of Thomas Dunlop and Mary Blain, on 13 June 1901 at Orillia, Simcoe County, Ontario.³

     William J. Stewart was born circa 1879 at Ontario.¹ He was the son of James B. Stewart and Margaret Argue.¹

On 4 April 1881, William J. Stewart was enumerated with James B. Stewart on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Age 2, born Ontario."¹

     Herbert Stewart was born on 1 July 1882.¹ He was the son of Francis Stewart and Levina Rusow.¹

On 6 April 1891, Herbert Stewart was enumerated with Francis Stewart on the census Details provided: "Age 8, born Ontario."¹



On 31 March 1901, Herbert Stewart was on the census at Brock Township, Ontario, Details provided: "Laborer in the household of John Cockburn."²

      Anna (?) was born circa 1657. She married Thomas Eves, son of John Eves of Flower and Dorothy , wife of John Eves, circa 1678 at Burlington, Burlington County, New Jersey; His 1st.¹

     Isabel de Warenne was born circa 1165. She was the daughter of Hamelin, 5th Earl of Surrey jure uxoris and Isabelle de Varennes.¹ Isabel de Warenne married Roger le Bigod the Surety, Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, son of Hugh le Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk and Juliane de Vere, Countess of Norfolk.^2,3

     Also called Sancho.¹ Sanç de Barcelona was born circa 1025. He was the son of Berenguer Ramón I "el Curvo", conde de Barcelona, Gerona y Ausona and Sancha Sánchez de Castilla.¹ Count at Catalonia between 1035 and 1049.¹ Sanç de Barcelona renounced his inheritance in his elder brother, Ramon Berenguer's, favor in 1049.

     Also called William. Guillem de Barcelona was born circa 1027. He was the son of Berenguer Ramón I "el Curvo", conde de Barcelona, Gerona y Ausona and Sancha Sánchez de Castilla.¹ Count at Catalonia between 1035 and 1054.¹ Guillem de Barcelona renounced his inheritance in his elder brother, Ramon Berenguer's, favor in 1054.

     Edward Kingman was born in 1619 at England.¹ He was the son of Henry Kingman of Weymouth and Joan (?).¹ Edward Kingman emigrated with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife, family, and servant, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#52 Henry Kingman, aged 40 years."² The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^3,2 Edward Kingman accompanied the immigration of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁴ Edward Kingman lived with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁴ Edward Kingman witnessed the will of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 24 May 1666 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; In his will he calls his age 74, or thereabouts.⁵

     Anne Kingman was born in 1626 at England.¹ She was the daughter of Henry Kingman of Weymouth and Joan (?).¹ Anne Kingman emigrated with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife, family, and servant, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#52 Henry Kingman, aged 40 years."² The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^3,2 Anne Kingman accompanied the immigration of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁴ Anne Kingman lived with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁴

     Thomas Kingman was born in 1628.¹ He was the son of Henry Kingman of Weymouth and Joan (?).¹ Thomas Kingman emigrated with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife, family, and servant, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#52 Henry Kingman, aged 40 years."² The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^3,2 Thomas Kingman accompanied the immigration of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁴ Thomas Kingman lived with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁴ Thomas Kingman witnessed the will of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 24 May 1666 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; In his will he calls his age 74, or thereabouts.⁵

     John Kingman was born in 1633 at England.¹ He was the son of Henry Kingman of Weymouth and Joan (?).¹ John Kingman emigrated with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife, family, and servant, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#52 Henry Kingman, aged 40 years."² The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^3,2 John Kingman accompanied the immigration of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁴ John Kingman lived with Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁴ John Kingman witnessed the will of Henry Kingman of Weymouth on 24 May 1666 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; In his will he calls his age 74, or thereabouts.⁵

     Abigail Wright was born circa 1676?. She married Robert Sharp before 1696; Her 1st or 2nd.^2,3 Abigail Wright married Thomas Clapp before 1696; Her 1st or 2nd.^2,3 Abigail Wright married Captain William Holbrooke of Weymouth, son of Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth and Jane Powyes, after 1696; His 2nd. Her 3rd (widow).^1,3 Abigail Wright witnessed the will of Captain William Holbrooke of Weymouth on 9 September 1696 at Scituate, Plymouth County, Massachusetts; In his will he provided for his wife Abigail. To his son Cornelius, he gave his lands in Weymouth, he to give to give his own daughter Mehitable £5 at marriage. He bequeathed to his daughters Elizabeth Buck, Hopestill Reed, Mehtiable Sprague, and Jane Balcom, and to his son William, and Samuel, whom he calls eldest son.^4,2

     Anne Holbrooke was born circa 1630 at England.¹ She was the daughter of Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth and Jane Powyes.¹ Anne Holbrooke emigrated with Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife and family, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#66 Thomas Holbrooke of Broadway, aged 34 years."² The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^3,2 Anne Holbrooke accompanied the immigration of Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁴ Anne Holbrooke lived with Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁴

     Elizabeth Holbrooke was born circa 1634 at England.^1,2 She was the daughter of Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth and Jane Powyes.^1,2 Elizabeth Holbrooke emigrated with Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 20 March 1635 at Weymouth, England; Left England aboard the "Marygold" with wife and family, as part of Reverand Hull's Company. On the list of those bound for New England he is identified as "#66 Thomas Holbrooke of Broadway, aged 34 years."³ The group of Reverend Joseph Hull embarks for America. On 20 March 1634/35 at Weymouth, Massachusetts Bay Colony, England.^4,3 Elizabeth Holbrooke accompanied the immigration of Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 7 June 1635 to Dorchester, Massachusetts Bay Colony, New England.⁵ Elizabeth Holbrooke lived with Thomas Holbrooke of Weymouth on 8 July 1635 at Weymouth, Massachusetts; He and his family were among the group allowed to settle in Wessagusset (which became Weymouth in September 1635).⁵ Elizabeth Holbrooke married Walter Hatch, son of Elder William Hatch, on 6 May 1650 at Scituate, Massachusetts.^6,7,8

     Elizabeth Holbrook was born circa 1644 at Weymouth, Massachusetts.² She was the daughter of Captain William Holbrooke of Weymouth and Elizabeth Pitts.¹ Elizabeth Holbrook married John Sprague on 13 December 1666; Her 1st.¹ Elizabeth Holbrook married John Buck before 1696; Her 2nd.¹ Elizabeth Holbrook witnessed the will of Captain William Holbrooke of Weymouth on 9 September 1696 at Scituate, Plymouth County, Massachusetts; In his will he provided for his wife Abigail. To his son Cornelius, he gave his lands in Weymouth, he to give to give his own daughter Mehitable £5 at marriage. He bequeathed to his daughters Elizabeth Buck, Hopestill Reed, Mehtiable Sprague, and Jane Balcom, and to his son William, and Samuel, whom he calls eldest son.^3,1

     John Sprague was born circa 1644. He married Elizabeth Holbrook, daughter of Captain William Holbrooke of Weymouth and Elizabeth Pitts, on 13 December 1666; Her 1st.¹